The Hidden Reserve of Nurses in The Netherlands: A Spatial Analysis.

Worldwide, nurse shortages constitute a problem, including in the Netherlands. Every region in the country has a shortage of all types of nurses. At the same time, there are large hidden reserves: persons who have been trained as a nurse but do not work in the healthcare sector.

Advances and Challenges in the Labor Markets for Healthcare Professionals.

A lack of nurses is a prevalent and persistent problem in many countries [...

Slack Is Needed to Solve the Shortage of Nurses.

Healthcare systems are facing a shortage of nurses. This article identifies some of the major causes of this and the issues that need to be solved. We take a perspective derived from queuing theory: the patient-nurse relationship is characterized by a scarcity of time and resources, requiring comprehensive coordination at all levels.

How to acquire and use information about pupils to improve the transition from primary to secondary school?

The transition from primary to secondary school can affect children's school and work careers. Mentors at secondary school guide the children through the transition process. For this, they need support from the children, their parents, and the primary schoolteachers.

Yemeni refugees' health literacy and experience with the Dutch healthcare system: a qualitative study.

Background: The Netherlands is receiving increasing numbers of Yemeni refugees due to the ongoing war in Yemen. Since there is a lack of knowledge about access to healthcare by refugees, this study investigates the experiences of Yemeni refugees with the Dutch healthcare system from a health literacy perspective.

Methods: Qualitative semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted among 13 Yemeni refugees in the Netherlands, to gauge their level of health literacy and investigate their experiences with the Dutch healthcare system.

Financial costs of assisted reproductive technology for patients in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.

Study Question: What are the direct costs of assisted reproductive technology (ART), and how affordable is it for patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICS)?

Summary Answer: Direct medical costs paid by patients for infertility treatment are significantly higher than annual average income and GDP per capita, pointing to unaffordability and the risk of catastrophic expenditure for those in need.

What Is Known Already: Infertility treatment is largely inaccessible to many people in LMICs. Our analysis shows that no study in LMICs has previously compared ART medical costs across countries in international dollar terms (US$PPP) or correlated the medical costs with economic indicators, financing mechanisms, and policy regulations.

Knowledge of and access to frontline workers among poor, rural households in Amhara region, Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Social protection programmes have effectively reduced poverty and improved food security. However, the effects of poverty require an intersectoral approach to adequately address poor nutrition and health. Identifying gaps in knowledge and access to frontline workers who oversee these integrations is critical for understanding the potential for integrated social protection programming to improve these outcomes.

Moral Injury in Former Child Soldiers in Liberia.

Moral injury (MI) is a form of traumatic stress induced by perpetrating actions that transgress a person's beliefs and values. Existing research on MI has been mostly confined to military veterans, however there is reason to believe that the risk of MI among child soldiers is higher due to their age and history of abduction. This study examined the risk of MI in former child soldiers in Liberia and tested whether age and history of abduction moderate the relationship between perpetrating violence and MI based on a sample of 459 former child soldiers.

Impact of household shocks on access to healthcare services in Kenya: a propensity score matching analysis.

Objective: This study examines the effects of household shocks on access to healthcare services in Kenya. Shocks are adverse events that lead to loss of household income and/or assets.

Design And Setting: The study used data from the Kenya Integrated Household Budget Survey 2015/2016, a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Sustaining the integrity of the threatened self: A cluster-randomised trial among social assistance applicants in the Netherlands.

Stereotypes and stigma associated with living on welfare or a low income can be a psychological threat that hampers performance and undermines aspirations. Our paper explores the potential of a novel self-affirmation intervention to mitigate such adverse impacts. The intervention comprises a verbal self-affirmation exercise for applicants during their first meeting with a caseworker.

Developing an evidence assessment framework and appraising the academic literature on migrant health in Malaysia: a scoping review.

Background: A large number of international migrants in Malaysia face challenges in obtaining good health, the extent of which is still relatively unknown. This study aims to map the existing academic literature on migrant health in Malaysia and to provide an overview of the topical coverage, quality and level of evidence of these scientific studies.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted using six databases, including Econlit, Embase, Global Health, Medline, PsycINFO and Social Policy and Practice.

Decomposition of changes in socioeconomic inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure in Kenya.

Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is frequently used as an indicator of financial protection. CHE exists when health expenditure exceeds a certain threshold of household consumption. Although CHE is reported to have declined in Kenya, it is still unacceptably high and disproportionately affects the poor.

Economic costs of infertility care for patients in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Infertility, a condition of the reproductive system, affects millions of individuals and couples worldwide. Despite infertility treatment's existence, it is largely unavailable and inaccessible in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) due to the prohibitive costs compounded by an absence of financing. Previous systematic reviews have shown that there is scanty information in LMICs on out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for infertility treatment.

Migrant Women's Access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Malaysia: A Qualitative Study.

Providing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services to migrant workers is key to fulfilling sustainable developmental goals. This study aims to explore key informants' views on the provision of SRH services for migrant women in Malaysia, exploring the provision of SRH education, contraception, abortion, antenatal and delivery, as well as the management of gender-based violence. In-depth interviews of 44 stakeholders were conducted from July 2018 to July 2019.

Cost-related unmet need for healthcare services in Kenya.

Background: The assessment of unmet need is one way to gauge inequities in access to healthcare services. While there are multiple reasons for unmet need, financial barriers are a major reason particularly in low- and middle-income countries where healthcare systems do not offer financial protection. Moreover, accessibility and affordability are paramount in achieving universal health coverage.

Effects of Vocational Re-training on Employment Outcomes Among Persons with Disabilities in Germany: A Quasi-Experiment.

Purpose To investigate how completing vocational re-training influenced income and employment days of working-age people with disabilities in the first 8 years after program admission. The investigation also included the influence of vocational re-training on the likelihood of receiving an earnings incapacity pension and on social security benefit receipt. Methods This retrospective cohort study with 8 years follow up was based on data from 2399 individuals who had completed either a 1-year vocational re-training program (n = 278), or a 2-year vocational re-training program (n = 1754) or who were admitted into re-training but never completed the program (n = 367).

Has the social justice approach become pervasive as a tool for fighting HIV in women? The case of Zambia.

Objective: Research has constantly shown how gender-based social inequality in countries like Zambia leads to disproportionately higher HIV prevalence rates among women aged 15 to 45 years old. As a response to this, the social justice approach in HIV response has become gold standard. Despite its continued application, little is known about how this approach is received and experienced by the people it is meant to serve.

Factors associated with choice of antenatal, delivery and postnatal services between HIV positive and HIV negative women in Zambia.

Background: Previous research has shown that developing countries account for the majority of maternal deaths around the world. Relatively high maternal mortality in developing countries has been linked to high HIV prevalence rates in these countries. Several studies have shown that women living with HIV are more vulnerable and are thus more likely to die during maternity than those who are not.

"This conflict has turned me into a Doctor, Nurse and Nutritionist at the same time": how peer support among HIV-positive IDPs created opportunities for care in conflict-stricken Kabaré, Congo DR.

Objective: While HIV research remains priority in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), most of the studies have traditionally been conducted in secure locations with little focus on internally displaced person (IDPs) and how they rely on locally available strategies for care and survival. Thus the aim of this study is to fill this gap by investigating the role of indigenous social relations (particularly, peer support) in the promotion of care among IDPs living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a conflict region known as Kabaré in the south Kivu province of Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Results: Through a qualitative study, we show that despite having some limitations (e.

Migration and the Multi-Dimensional Well-Being of Elderly Persons in Georgia.

High rates of migration coupled with low formal social protection provisions may place many members of the elderly Georgian population in precarious living conditions that promote vulnerability and limit well-being achievement. This potential connection has been poorly explored in past literature, however, suggesting a need to better assess how the migration of an adult child may influence the multidimensional well-being of the elderly in Georgia. Using a novel dataset comprising 2202 elderly individuals across all regions of Georgia (excepting the territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia), this paper proposes a multidimensional well-being index that has been specifically designed to encompass the unique resources and constraints faced by elderly individuals in different age cohorts.

Migration and its influence on the knowledge and usage of birth control methods among Afghan women who stay behind.

Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate the link between migration and knowledge and use of birth control methods among female household members (of migrants) who stay behind in Afghanistan. Migrants can remit birth control information received in the destination country to non-migrants staying in the origin country, who may as a consequence adjust their health behaviour accordingly. The consequences of this interaction for knowledge and use are what we aim to test.

Unpacking the Relationship between Parental Migration and Child well-Being: Evidence from Moldova and Georgia.

Using household survey data collected between September 2011 and December 2012 from Moldova and Georgia, this paper measures and compares the multidimensional well-being of children with and without parents abroad. While a growing body of literature has addressed the effects of migration for children 'left behind', relatively few studies have empirically analysed if and to what extent migration implies different well-being outcomes for children, and fewer still have conducted comparisons across countries. To compare the outcomes of children in current- and non-migrant households, this paper defines a multidimensional well-being index comprised of six dimensions of wellness: education, physical health, housing conditions, protection, communication access, and emotional health.

Community mobilization and maternal Care of Women Living with HIV in poor settings: the case of Mfuwe, Zambia.

Background: Research has shown that community mobilization is a useful strategy in promoting maternal care of HIV negative women in resource poor settings; however, similar evidence for women living with HIV is missing. Therefore, in this study we provide this evidence by exploring the relevance of community mobilization in the promotion of maternal health care among women living with HIV in resource-poor settings by using Mfuwe, a rural district in Zambia as a case study.

Methods: By relying on Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), qualitative data were collected from Mfuwe, Zambia.

Study design and the estimation of the size of key populations at risk of HIV: lessons from Viet Nam.

Background: Estimation of the size of populations at risk of HIV is a key activity in the surveillance of the HIV epidemic. The existing framework for considering future research needs may provide decision-makers with a basis for a fair process of deciding on the methods of the estimation of the size of key populations at risk of HIV. This study explores the extent to which stakeholders involved with population size estimation agree with this framework, and thus, the study updates the framework.

Gendered Perceptions of Migration Among Ghanaian Children in Transnational Care.

This study empirically measures the perceptions towards maternal and paternal migration of male and female children who stay behind in Ghana. It analyses survey data collected in 2010 among secondary school children aged 11-18 in four urban areas with high out-migration rates: the greater Accra region, Kumasi, Sunyani and Cape Coast ( = 1965). The results show significant gendered differences in how children perceive parental migration.