Comparative Analysis of Pharyngeal Airway Changes Following All Four Versus All Five Premolar Extractions in Orthodontic Treatments: A Cephalometric Study.

Background: Orthodontic treatment, particularly involving premolar extractions, has been a subject of ongoing debate within the orthodontic community. The impact of such interventions on the pharyngeal airway, a critical component of the respiratory system, remains a topic of exploration.

Objective: This retrospective cephalometric study aims to investigate changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions following orthodontic treatment involving either all four or all five premolar extractions.

Role of Saliva as a Non-Invasive Diagnostic Method for Detection of COVID-19.

SARS coronavirus2 is the primary cause of new Coronavirus illness (COVID-19) (SARS- COV-2). Today, COVID-19 is a global epidemic. Coronavirus illness may be diagnosed using a variety of approaches.

Expression of β-catenin in oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical study.

Background: Oral potentially malignant disorders have increased propensity to turn malignant than its apparently normal counterparts. Histopathological examination, although gold standard, needs adjunct technique to give accurate diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry has proved to be a promising adjunct to aid in the diagnosis so far.

Dermatoglyphics: A Noninvasive Diagnostic Tool in Predicting Class III Skeletal Malocclusion in Children.

Background: Dermatoglyphics is a scientific study that deals with the epidermal ridges and their configurations on certain body parts such as fingers, palms, and soles. In humans, during the intrauterine life (IUL) the primary palate, lip, and dermal ridges are formed during the same period, the genetic code engineered in the genome normal or abnormal is mirrored on these developing structures. Thus making dermatoglyphic a preceding tool in dental diagnosis.

Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Hypnosis, Acupressure and Audiovisual Aids in Reducing the Anxiety of Children during Administration of Local Anesthesia.

Aim: The present study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of acupressure, hypnosis and audiovisual aids in reducing anxiety in children during the administration of local anesthesia (LA).

Methodology: Two hundred apparently healthy children were selected randomly between 6 and 10 years of age and were divided into 4 groups with 50 children in each group. Group I: children were subjected to hypnosis, group II: acupressure, group III: AV aids i.

"Thaumaturgy"- A Novel Behavior-shaping Technique.

Aim: To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of thaumaturgy in alleviation of anxiety in children aged 2-13 years.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and forty children aged 2-13 years, identified as manifesting strong-willed behavior were selected for this study. The children were randomly assigned to be managed by one of the three thaumaturgic distraction techniques.

Comparative Evaluation of Intraoral and Extraoral Periapical Radiographic Techniques in Determination of Working Length: An Study.

Objectives/aims: This study was designed to determine the endodontic working length (WL) of root canals using digital extraoral periapical radiography (EOPAR) technique and comparing its accuracy with the standard digital intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR).

Materials And Methods: Sixty single-rooted mandibular first premolars indicated for orthodontic extraction were radiographed preoperatively to ensure closed apices. After gaining endodontic access, WL was determined by IOPAR using paralleling technique, followed by EOPAR, by placing a cone at +35° from the contralateral side.

Association of chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus with salivary Del-1 and IL-17 levels.

Purpose: Chronic periodontitis (CP) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are chronic diseases affecting the humans and have interrelationship in their pathogenesis. Monitoring the progress with biomarker in these disease is important from treatment outcome point of view. We investigated the association of salivary developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in CP and T2DM.

Cross-sectional Study on White Spot Lesions and its Association with Dental Caries Experience among School Children.

Aim: To evaluate the association of white spot lesions (WSLs) with existing dental caries experience and other clinical parameters among children aged 7-12 years.

Design: A cross-sectional comparative study on 407 children using Nyvad's caries diagnostic criteria was performed on the permanent first incisors and molars. Accordingly, they were grouped as cases (presence of caries) and controls (sound).

Salivary Levels of Antimicrobial Peptides in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship between salivary levels of human neutrophil antimicrobial peptides (AMP) 1-3 (HNP 1-3), LL-37 and periodontitis in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Eighty individuals were enrolled and grouped as follows: Group I: 20 healthy individuals, Group II: 20 systemically healthy individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP), Group III: 20 individuals with T2DM only and Group IV: 20 individuals T2DM and CP. Plaque index, probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment levels were evaluated.

Coalition of E-cadherin and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in predicting malignant transformation in common oral potentially malignant disorders.

Background: Reduced E-cadherin expression and increased VEGF expression is known to be involved in tissue growth and transformation of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) and has been correlated with their differing histological grades in numerous studies.

Aim: To evaluate Immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of both E-cadherin and VEGF in predicting the malignant transformation potential of common OPMDs.

Materials And Methods: Ten cases each of Normal Oral mucosa (NOM), Mild Oral Epithelial Dysplasia (OED), Moderate OED, Severe OED, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, (OSMF) and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) were stained and evaluated for the expression of Ecadherin and VEGF.

Estimation of Salivary Parameters among Autoimmune Thyroiditis Patients.

Introduction: Saliva is a complex secretion that protects and lubricates the oral cavity. Various systemic diseases and their treatment alter the salivary gland function; one such disease is Autoimmune Thyroid Disease (AITD). AITD has been postulated to exert its hormonal influence on the salivary glands, leading to reduced salivary output.

An Evaluation of the Effect of Periodontal Biotype on Inter-Dental Papilla Proportions, Distances Between Facial and Palatal Papillae in the Maxillary Anterior Dentition.

Purpose: Gingival esthetics are an essential segment of facial beauty. The aim of the present study was to clinically assess the impact of periodontal biotype (PB), the length between the base of interproximal contact area and the interproximal bone crest (CP-BC), the distance between the facial and palatal papillae (DFPP), and papillary proportions (PP) on the presence of interdental papillae (PIP).

Materials And Methods: 80 patients aged 18 to 60 years were recruited for study.

A comparative evaluation of the effect of 8% and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid exposure for 1 min and 10 min on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots: An study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8% and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) exposure for 1 min and 10 min on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots.

Methodology: Sixty human single-rooted teeth were decoronated and divided into six groups ( = 10). Canal preparation was carried out except in negative control group, using the ProTaper rotary file system.

Formulation of thermoreversible gel of cranberry juice concentrate: Evaluation, biocompatibility studies and its antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens.

The present work aims to investigate the efficacy of thermoreversible gel of cranberry juice concentrate (CJC) as local drug delivery for the treatment of periodontitis. CJC was initially tested for its antimicrobial activities like MIC, MBC, antiadhesion, antibiofilm and time kill assay against the panel of organisms (S. mutans (SM), E.

Management of tongue and lip laceration due to dystonia in a 1-year-old infant.

This case report describes the management of tongue and lip lacerations due to dystonia in a 1-year-old infant. A splint was given to raise the bite and prevent repeated trauma and aid in healing of the oral tissue. This paper highlights the importance of pediatric dentist's role in improving quality of patient care in an intensive care unit.

The Effect of Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Scaler Tip Wear on Root Surface Roughness at Different Working Parameters: An Atomic Force Microscopic and Profilometric Study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of scaler tip wear and different working parameters, i.e., lateral force, power setting and tip angulation, on the roughness of root surfaces following treatment with piezoelectric ultrasonic scaling devices.

Antimicrobial effect of three disinfecting agents on Resilon cones and their effect on surface topography: An in vitro study.

Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and 2% peracetic acid (PAA) in disinfecting Resilon cones and to evaluate topographical changes microscopically under scanning electron microscope (SEM) after rapid chemical disinfection.

Materials And Methods: Resilon cones were disinfected in an ultraviolet (UV) light chamber for 20 min and contaminated by immersing in a microbial suspension of Enterococcus faecalis for 30 min.

Antibiotic overusage and resistance: A cross-sectional survey among pediatric dentists.

Introduction: Most human orofacial infections originate from odontogenic infections and prescribing antibiotics has become a ubiquitous phenomenon. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the inappropriate, indiscriminate, and irrational use of antibiotics leading to antibiotic resistance as a global problem.

Objective: The objective of this survey is to compare the antibiotic prescription pattern and the awareness of antibiotic resistance among Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) practitioners and pediatric dentists.

Antiadherent and antibacterial properties of stainless steel and NiTi orthodontic wires coated with silver against Lactobacillus acidophilus--an in vitro study.

Background: The purpose of the study is to assess the antiadherent and antibacterial properties of surface-modified stainless steel and NiTi orthodontic wires with silver against Lactobacillus acidophilus.

Methods: This study was done on 80 specimens of stainless steel and NiTi orthodontic wires. The specimens were divided into eight test groups.

Replacement of a Congenitally Missing Maxillary Incisor by Implant Supported Prosthesis.

Maxillary central incisors have the least incidence of congenital absence. When it does happen, the patient may present with over retained deciduous centrals or the contralateral central may have drifted into the available space presenting as generalised anterior spacing with loss of midline. In such cases a multi-disciplinary approach may be required with orthodontic treatment to re-organise the space available in order to rehabilitate the patient with a fixed prosthesis.

The effect of various ultrasonic and hand instruments on the root surfaces of human single rooted teeth: A Planimetric and Profilometric study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different ultrasonic scalers and a periodontal curette on the root surfaces for calculus removal and root surface roughness.

Materials And Methods: 40 single rooted teeth with subgingival calculus destined for extraction were assigned to one of three experimental groups (n = 10, in each group) and one control group (untreated, n = 10). Experimental groups were: Group 1: Piezoelectric ultrasonic group; Group 2: Magnetostrictive ultrasonic group; Group 3: Hand instrumentation group (Curette).

Disinfection of gutta-percha cones using three reagents and their residual effects.

Aims And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorehexidine and MTAD in disinfecting gutta-percha cones and to analyze the surface topography of gutta-percha cones after the rapid chemical disinfection procedure.

Materials And Methods: Gutta-percha cones were immersed in suspensions of Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus separately.

Using an existing crown to repair a damaged cast post and core restoration.

A fractured coronal tooth structure beneath an intact crown is a common clinical occurrence. If the underlying root is healthy, the tooth is restored with a post and core followed by refabrication of the crown. This paper describes a technique of using the existing intact crown for the above-mentioned situation.