Integrated multidisciplinary analysis of mobile digital radiographic acquisitions of the mummies of the hermits from the Sanctuary of Madonna della Corona (Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy - 17th to 19th century CE).

Paleoradiology has become a standard diagnostic method in the study of mummified or embalmed bodies. Among the various available techniques, computed tomography valuing for its ability to provide detailed information. However, computed tomography equipment is not always accessible to research teams, cannot be easily transported to all conservation sites, and raises health concerns.

Emerging engineered nanozymes: current status and future perspectives in cancer treatments.

Composite nanozymes are composed of enzymes with similar or different catalytic capabilities and have higher catalytic activity than a single enzyme. In recent years, composite nanozymes have emerged as novel nanomaterial platforms for multiple applications in various research fields, where they are used to produce oxygen, consume glutathione, or produce toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) for cancer therapy. The therapeutic approach using composite nanozymes is known as chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT).

Young TPI: empowering animal-free science among the next- generation of scientists.

Strategies emphasizing animal-free innovation are imperative for the contemporary and future scientific research. They not only address important ethical concerns, but also should directly improve research accuracy and reliability through redirecting scientific inquiry toward more reliable and translatable methodologies. Promotion and encouragement for use of animal-free innovations among the next-generation of scientists, alongside knowledge acquisition and training in the increased capabilities of novel technologies, are fundamental for advancing science and the welfare of animals used for scientific purposes.

A review of recent advancements in the impact response of fiber metal laminates.

Fiber metal laminates (FMLs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional impact resistance, making them attractive for various structural applications. This review presents recent advancements in understanding the impact behavior of FMLs under low- and high-velocity impact scenarios. Low-velocity impacts, commonly encountered during manufacturing, handling, and tool drops, are discussed, with a focus on damage mechanisms, energy absorption capabilities, and influential factors such as impactor geometry and boundary conditions.

Understanding the vaginal microbiome among women with different genotypes of human papillomavirus infection in remote Andaman islands.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a viral infection, and its acquisition and persistence are significantly influenced by the vaginal microbiota. Understanding and comparing the vaginal microbiome of HPV infected women in Andaman and Nicobar Islands is crucial.

Methods: The study involved collecting vaginal swabs and extracting DNA using the QIAamp DNA Minikit.

Effect of botanical powders and the assassin bug, Mont. and Sign. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) infesting yam chips.

Background: Lesne (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is the main pest of stored dried yam chips that causes significant losses in less than 3 months. The assassin bug, (Montrouzier & Signoret) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and the African mahogany ( (Desv.) A.

Nanomaterials-plants-microbes interaction: plant growth promotion and stress mitigation.

Soil salinization, extreme climate conditions, and phytopathogens are abiotic and biotic stressors that remarkably reduce agricultural productivity. Recently, nanomaterials have gained attention as effective agents for agricultural applications to mitigate such stresses. This review aims to critically appraise the available literature on interactions involving nanomaterials, plants, and microorganisms.

Origin and pathogenicity variation of in China.

Grapevine downy mildew caused by (Pv) is one of the most devastating diseases of grapevine in China. To understand the origin and pathogenicity of Chinese Pv, a total of 193 single-sporangiophore isolates were obtained from 14 Chinese major viticulture areas. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that Chinese Pv isolates originate from North America and belong to the clade .

CRISPR/Cas12a-based method coupled with isothermal amplification to identify spp. isolated from wheat grain samples.

fungal species are considered major plant pathogens, infecting various crops and resulting in significant agricultural losses. Additionally, these species can contaminate grain with multiple mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and animals. Efficient pest management relies on timely detection and identification of phytopathogens in plant and grain samples, facilitating prompt selection of a crop protection strategy.

Uncovering novel KCC2 regulatory motifs through a comprehensive transposon-based mutant library.

Introduction: The neuron-specific K-Cl cotransporter KCC2 maintains low intracellular chloride levels, which are crucial for fast GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission. KCC2 also plays a pivotal role in the development of excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission by promoting dendritic spine maturation. The cytoplasmic C-terminal domain (KCC2-CTD) plays a critical regulatory role in the molecular mechanisms controlling the cotransporter activity through dimerization, phosphorylation, and protein interaction.

Correction: Inhibitory effect of miR-377 on the proliferative and invasive behaviors of prostate cancer cells through the modulation of MYC mRNA via its interaction with BCL-2/Bax, PTEN, and CDK4.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.236.

Optimizing lipopeptide bioactivity: The impact of non-ionic surfactant dressing.

The aim of the research is to increase the applicability of lipopeptides as drugs. To this end, non-ionic triblock copolymers, namely poloxamers, were applied. The physico-chemical properties of poloxamers vary depending on the length of the blocks.

: identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae.

Rafflesiaceae is a family of endangered plants whose members are solely parasitic to the tropical grape vine (Vitaceae). Currently, the genetics of their crosstalk with the host remains unexplored. In this study, we use homology-based approaches to characterize micro-RNAs (miRNAs) expressed by and from published omics data.

Analysis of engineered T7 bacteriophages containing genetic sequences encoding antimicrobial peptides.

Because of the global spread of multi- and pan-resistant bacteria, there is a need to identify, research, and develop new strategies to combat these pathogens. In a previous proof-of-concept study, we presented an innovative strategy by genetically modifying lytic T7 bacteriophages. We integrated DNA fragments encoding for derivatives of the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) apidaecin into the phage genome to induce the production and release of apidaecin within the T7 infection cycle, thereby also targeting phage-resistant bacteria.

Liposome-encapsulated lambda exonuclease-based amplification system for enhanced detection of miRNA in platelet-derived microvesicles of non-small cell lung cancer.

Platelet-derived microvesicles (PMVs) and their encapsulated microRNAs (miRNAs) hold immense potential as biomarkers for early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosis. This study presents a pioneering liposome-based approach for enhanced miRNA detection within PMVs, employing a lambda exonuclease (λ EXO)-based amplification system encapsulated in immunoliposomes. The platform exploits the novel catalytic functionality of λ EXO, demonstrating its unprecedented capability to catalyze RNA-DNA hybrid substrates.

Long non-coding RNA Malat1 modulates CXCR4 expression to regulate the interaction between induced neural stem cells and microglia following closed head injury.

Background: Closed head injury (CHI) provokes a prominent neuroinflammation that may lead to long-term health consequences. Microglia plays pivotal and complex roles in neuroinflammation-mediated neuronal insult and repair following CHI. We previously reported that induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) can block the effects of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling on NF-κB activation in activated microglia by CXCR4 overexpression.

Prominosomes - a particular class of extracellular vesicles containing prominin-1/CD133?

Extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) offer promising values in various medical fields, e.g., as biomarkers in liquid biopsies or as native (or bioengineered) biological nanocarriers in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and cancer therapy.

Circulating Levels of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in Schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has emerged as a potential biomarker for schizophrenia (SCZ). However, GDNF levels remain unclear in affected individuals compared to healthy controls. Therefore, we aimed to calculate a pooled estimate of GDNF levels in patients with SCZ in comparison with healthy controls.

Sex reversal induced by 17β-estradiol may be achieved by regulating the neuroendocrine system of the Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei.

Background: Due to sexual dimorphism in growth of penaeid shrimp, all-female cultivation is desirable for the aquaculture industry. 17β-estradiol (E2) has the potential to induce the male-to-female sex reversal of decapod species. However, the mechanisms behind it remain poorly understood.

Quinone extraction drives atmospheric carbon monoxide oxidation in bacteria.

Diverse bacteria and archaea use atmospheric CO as an energy source for long-term survival. Bacteria use [MoCu]-CO dehydrogenases (Mo-CODH) to convert atmospheric CO to carbon dioxide, transferring the obtained electrons to the aerobic respiratory chain. However, it is unknown how these enzymes oxidize CO at low concentrations and interact with the respiratory chain.

Identification of novel 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives as ELOC binders with potential to modulate CRL2 complex formation.

The VHL-containing cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL2) complex is an E3 ligase commonly used in targeted protein degradation (TPD). Hydroxyproline-based ligands that mimic VHL substrates have been developed as anchor molecules for proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) in TPD. To expand the chemical space for VHL ligands, we conducted fragment screening using VHL-ELOB-ELOC (VBC) proteins.

AAV capsid prioritization in normal and steatotic human livers maintained by machine perfusion.

Therapeutic efficacy and safety of adeno-associated virus (AAV) liver gene therapy depend on capsid choice. To predict AAV capsid performance under near-clinical conditions, we established side-by-side comparison at single-cell resolution in human livers maintained by normothermic machine perfusion. AAV-LK03 transduced hepatocytes much more efficiently and specifically than AAV5, AAV8 and AAV6, which are most commonly used clinically, and AAV-NP59, which is better at transducing human hepatocytes engrafted in immune-deficient mice.

Evaluation of the Digital Ventilated Cage® system for circadian phenotyping.

The study of circadian rhythms has been critically dependent upon analysing mouse home cage activity, typically employing wheel running activity under different lighting conditions. Here we assess a novel method, the Digital Ventilated Cage (DVC, Tecniplast SpA, Italy), for circadian phenotyping. Based upon capacitive sensors mounted under black individually ventilated cages with inbuilt LED lighting, each cage becomes an independent light-controlled chamber.

Neural signatures of risk-taking adaptions across health, bipolar disorder, and lithium treatment.

Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying bipolar disorder (BD) and its treatment are still poorly understood. Here we examined the role of adaptations in risk-taking using a reward-guided decision-making task. We recruited volunteers with high (n = 40) scores on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, MDQ, suspected of high risk for bipolar disorder and those with low-risk scores (n = 37).

Sucrose-preferring gut microbes prevent host obesity by producing exopolysaccharides.

Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a unique anti-obesity commensal bacterium. We found that S.