Simulation of evaporation by an extension of the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method: a quantitative analysis.

An extension of the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method is introduced to simulate heat transfer problems involving phase transition. Using this model, evaporation through a plane interface and two-phase Poiseuille flow were simulated and the macroscopic jump conditions were utilized to evaluate the accuracy of the method. We have found that the simulation results are in very good agreement with the analytical solutions as far as we take into account the extent of the interface during the evaluation.

Regional statistics in confined two-dimensional decaying turbulence.

Two-dimensional decaying turbulence in a square container has been simulated using the lattice Boltzmann method. The probability density function (PDF) of the vorticity and the particle distribution functions have been determined at various regions of the domain. It is shown that, after the initial stage of decay, the regional area averaged enstrophy fluctuates strongly around a mean value in time.

Simulation and minimisation of the airway deposition of airborne bacteria.

Respiratory infections represent one of the most important bioaerosol-associated health effects. Bacteria are infectious micro-organisms that may, after inhalation, cause specific respiratory diseases. Although a large number of inhalable pathogenic bacteria have been identified and the related respiratory symptoms are well known, their airway transport and deposition are still not fully explored.

Three-dimensional model for aerosol transport and deposition in expanding and contracting alveoli.

Particle transport and deposition within a model alveolus, represented by a rhythmically expanding and contracting hemisphere, was modeled by a three-dimensional analytical model for the time-dependent air velocity field as a superposition of uniform and radial flow components, satisfying both the mass and momentum conservation equations. Trajectories of particles entrained in the airflow were calculated by a numerical particle trajectory code to compute simultaneously deposition by inertial impaction, gravitational sedimentation, Brownian diffusion, and interception. Five different orientations of the orifice of the alveolus relative to the direction of gravity were selected.

Neutron detection on the Foton-M2 satellite by a track etch detector stack.

In the frame of a European Space Agency (ESA) project called 'Biology and Physics in Space', a returning satellite, Foton-M2, was orbiting a container, the BIOPAN-5, loaded with biological experiments and facilities for radiation dosimetry (RADO) in the open space. One of the RADO experiments was dedicated to the detection of the primary cosmic rays and secondary neutrons by a track etch detector stack. The system was calibrated at high-energy particle accelerators and neutron generators.

Size distribution, pulmonary deposition and chemical composition of Hungarian biosoluble glass fibers.

Compared to spherical particles, inhaled fibers may cause enhanced adverse health effects because of their specific shape, thus acting as so-called physical carcinogens. The chemical composition of fibers plays a determining role on the durability and hence may play a potential role in related health effects due to their toxic components. The physical properties, that is, length, diameter, and size distribution, and the chemical composition of fiberglass materials sampled at a Hungarian glass wool factory were investigated.