Deep learning algorithm on H&E whole slide images to characterize alterations frequency and spatial distribution in breast cancer.

The tumor suppressor is frequently mutated in hormone receptor-negative, HER2-positive breast cancer (BC), contributing to tumor aggressiveness. Traditional ancillary methods like immunohistochemistry (IHC) to assess functionality face pre- and post-analytical challenges. This proof-of-concept study employed a deep learning (DL) algorithm to predict mutational status from H&E-stained whole slide images (WSIs) of BC tissue.

Anti-BCMA and GPRC5D bispecific antibodies in relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia: a case report.

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive and high-risk variant of multiple myeloma (MM) with a very poor prognosis. Given its rarity and aggressiveness, there is a lack of clinical trials testing the efficacity of novel therapies in these patients. New immune approaches such as B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, member D (GPRC5D) -targeting agents, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells and bispecific antibodies could play a role in PCL treatment.

Superior Vena Cava Isolation With Cryoballoon in AF Ablation: Randomized CAVAC AF Trial.

Background: Superior vena cava (SVC) has been considered a specific trigger in atrial fibrillation development.

Methods: We investigated the efficacy and safety of combining cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) with SVC ablation compared with PVI alone in 100 patients with paroxysmal or non-long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation. Patients were randomly assigned to either the PVI+SVC ablation group or the PVI-only group.

Transformative or transitional? Deciphering the role of NIAGARA in shaping future practice.

The phase 3 NIAGARA trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in event-free and overall survival in cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with perioperative durvalumab in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, compared to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone. The combination was manageable and did not adversely impact surgery. NIAGARA positions perioperative durvalumab with chemotherapy as a potential new standard of care.

Ferric carboxymaltose with or without phosphate substitution in iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia before elective surgery - The DeFICIT trial.

Background: Iron deficiency anemia in the perioperative setting is treated predominantly with intravenous iron formulation, of which ferric carboxymaltose may induce hypophosphatemia by modulating fibroblast growth factor 23.

Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, we consented 92 adult patients scheduled for elective major abdominal or thoracic surgery. These patients either had isolated iron deficiency (plasma ferritin <100 ng/mL or transferrin saturation < 20 %) or iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin (Hb) 100-130 g/L with plasma ferritin <100 ng/mL or transferrin saturation < 20 %).

Treatment of metastatic ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer: real-world outcomes in a single center study.

Background: Rearrangement in anaplastic lymphoma kinase () occurs in 4-7% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases. Despite improved survival with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), treatment resistance remains challenging. This retrospective study analyzed advanced ALK-positive NSCLC patients, focusing on clinical aspects, treatments, resistance, and outcomes.

Implementation of the new DGRh S2e guideline on diagnostics and treatment of adult-onset Still's disease in Germany : Implications for clinical practice in rheumatology.

Background: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a rare autoinflammatory disease. Since it can lead to variable organ involvement, including life-threatening complications, and due to newly available therapeutic approaches, the German Society for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie und klinische Immunologie; DGRh) issued a newly developed S2e guideline in December 2022.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of the new guideline on the diagnosis, management, and outcomes of AOSD.

Correlation Between Electronic Patient-Reported Outcomes and Biological Markers of Key Parameters in Acute Radiation Cystitis Among Patients With Prostate Cancer (RABBIO): Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Despite advances in radiation techniques, radiation cystitis (RC) remains a significant cause of morbidity from pelvic radiotherapy, which may affect patients' quality of life (QoL). The pathophysiology of RC is not well understood, which limits the development of effective treatments.

Objective: The Radiotoxicity Bladder Biomarkers study aims to investigate the correlation between blood and urinary biomarkers and the intensity of acute RC symptoms and QoL in patients undergoing localized prostate cancer radiotherapy.

Neutralizing GDF-15 can overcome anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 resistance in solid tumours.

Cancer immunotherapies with antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules are clinically active across multiple cancer entities and have markedly improved cancer treatment. Yet, response rates are still limited, and tumour progression commonly occurs. Soluble and cell-bound factors in the tumour microenvironment negatively affect cancer immunity.

Intrauterine blood transfusion causes dose- and time-dependent signal alterations in the liver and the spleen on fetal magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Intrauterine transfusions (IUTs) are a life-saving treatment for fetal anemia. However, with each transfusion, iron bypasses uptake regulation through the placenta and accumulates in fetal organs. Unlike other imaging modalities, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is capable of non-invasively assessing fetal liver disease and/or organ iron overload.

Similar outcomes between HLA-haploid and matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter, retrospective study and severe aplastic anemia transplant-specific prognostic scoring system.

In recent years, great progress has been made in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) treatment for hematological malignant diseases because of the advent of novel conditioning regimens, optimized graft manipulation, improved graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, and advances in supportive care. Recent studies have shown very favorable outcomes in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients, with comparable outcomes to those of patients receiving immune suppressive therapy (IST) and allogeneic HSCT from a matched sibling donor (MSD) or matched unrelated donor (MUD). However, most of the previous studies relied on single-center data analyses, and the conditioning regimen, GVHD prophylaxis and supportive care used were relatively singular.

Refinement of post-COVID condition core symptoms, subtypes, determinants, and health impacts: a cohort study integrating real-world data and patient-reported outcomes.

Background: Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) affects millions of people, and is an essential component of the long-term impact of COVID-19 during the post-pandemic era. Yet, consensus on clinical case definition and core components of PCC remains lacking, affecting our ability to inform research and evidence-based management. Our study aims 1) to identify the most specific symptoms for PCC, and identify clinical subtypes; 2) to evaluate both virus- and host-related determinants of PCC, and 3) assess the impact of PCC on physical and mental health.

Cellular MSI-H score: a robust predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response and survival in gastrointestinal cancer.

Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) is a critical biomarker for immunotherapy, yet primary resistance remains a significant challenge. Current MSI-H detection methods evaluate the proportion of MSI-H loci, termed molecular MSI-H score, which can be affected by intratumoral heterogeneity (ITH). To address this limitation, we propose evaluating MSI-H at the cellular level to improve the prediction of immunotherapy outcomes.

MeTEor: an R Shiny app for exploring longitudinal metabolomics data.

Motivation: The availability of longitudinal omics data is increasing in metabolomics research. Viewing metabolomics data over time provides detailed insight into biological processes and fosters understanding of how systems react over time. However, the analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data poses various challenges, both in terms of statistical evaluation and visualization.

A pain research strategy for Europe: A European survey and position paper of the European Pain Federation EFIC.

Background: Pain is the leading cause of disability and reduced quality of life worldwide. Despite the increasing burden for patients and healthcare systems, pain research remains underfunded and under focused. Having stakeholders identify and prioritize areas that need urgent attention in the field will help focus funding topics, reduce 'research waste', improve the effectiveness of pain research and therapy and promote the uptake of research evidence.

Salvage chemotherapy after progression on immunotherapy in recurrent/metastatic squamous cell head and neck carcinoma.

Objectives: Anti-PD-(L)1 agents changed the landscape of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) treatment. Previous studies showed improved response rates to salvage chemotherapy (SCT) after progression to anti-PD-(L)1 agents. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of SCT and to identify predictors of response and survival in patients with R/M HNSCC.

Partitioned polygenic risk scores identify distinct types of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by an excess of lipids, mainly triglycerides, in the liver and components of the metabolic syndrome, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer. While there is solid epidemiological evidence that MASLD clusters with cardiometabolic disease, several leading genetic risk factors for MASLD do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, suggesting no causal relationship between MASLD and cardiometabolic derangement. In this work, we leveraged measurements of visceral adiposity identifying 27 previously unknown genetic loci associated with MASLD (n = 36,394), six replicated in four independent cohorts (n = 3,903).

Gut microbiome and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Pathogenic role and potential for therapeutics.

Gut microbiota plays key functions in the human body, and its alteration is associated with several human disorders. Moreover, its manipulation is being investigated as a potential therapeutic strategy. In this narrative review we will dissect the involvement of the gut microbiota and of the gut-liver axis on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Ph- ALL: immunotherapy in upfront treatment.

Antibody-based and cell-based novel immunotherapies, such as bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTE), antibody-drug conjugates, or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are currently standard treatment options for patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). To date, CD20-targeting monoclonal antibodies and the CD19-targeting BiTE's blinatumomab have been established elements of frontline therapy, either in patients with CD20+ ALL or in patients with measurable disease (MRD) following conventional chemotherapy. Recently, blinatumomab has also demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with MRD-negative ALL.