Neuronal exosomal miRNAs modulate mitochondrial functions and cell death in bystander neuronal cells under Parkinson's disease stress conditions.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra part of the brain. Pathology spread to numerous brain regions and cell types suggests that intercellular communication is essential to PD progression. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication between neurons, glia, and other cell types throughout PD-relevant brain regions.

Infliximab, a Monoclonal Antibody against TNF-α, Inhibits NF-κB Activation, Autotaxin Expression and Breast Cancer Metastasis to Lungs.

An inflammatory milieu in the tumor microenvironment leads to immune evasion, resistance to cell death, metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine that regulates multiple aspects of tumor biology from initiation to progression. TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation initiates inflammatory pathways, which determine cell survival, death and tumor progression.

TNF-α induced NF-κB mediated LYRM7 expression modulates the tumor growth and metastatic ability in breast cancer.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) of solid tumors including breast cancer is complex and contains a distinct cytokine pattern including TNF-α, which determines the progression and metastasis of breast tumors. The metastatic potential of triple negative breast cancer subtypes is high as compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. NF-κB is key transcription factor regulating inflammation and mitochondrial bioenergetics including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes which determine its oxidative capacity and generating reducing equivalents for synthesis of key metabolites for proliferating breast cancer cells.

Integrating GIS and irrigation water quality index approaches for identifying groundwater irrigation potential zones in Central Gujarat, India.

In this study, groundwater irrigation potential zones are identified by measuring an integrated irrigation water quality index using a GIS platform in the Vishwamitri River Basin (VRB) region, Gujarat, India. Classification of different irrigation potential zones is about the collective paraphernalia of thematic maps, namely, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Na, Cl, and HCO, which principally regulate the groundwater quality for irrigation. The EC, SAR, and chloride values are > 3000 µS/cm, > 9 meq/L, and > 10 meq/L, respectively, indicating 98.

TNF-α-induced E3 ligase, TRIM15 inhibits TNF-α-regulated NF-κB pathway by promoting turnover of K63 linked ubiquitination of TAK1.

Ubiquitin E3-ligases are recruited at different steps of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation; however, their role in temporal regulation of the pathway remains elusive. The study systematically identified TRIMs as potential feedback regulators of the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway. We further observed that TRIM15 is "late" response TNF-α-induced gene and inhibits the TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway in several human cell lines.

In silico analysis and expression profiling of S-domain receptor-like kinases (SD-RLKs) under different abiotic stresses in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Background: S-domain receptor-like kinases (SD-RLKs) are an important and multi-gene subfamily of plant receptor-like/pelle kinases (RLKs), which are known to play a significant role in the development and immune responses of Arabidopsis thaliana. The conserved cysteine residues in the extracellular domain of SD-RLKs make them interesting candidates for sensing reactive oxygen species (ROS), assisting oxidative stress mitigation and associated signaling pathways during abiotic stresses. However, how closely SD-RLKs are interrelated to abiotic stress mitigation and signaling remains unknown in A.

Extraction and characterization of microalgae-derived phenolics for pharmaceutical applications: A systematic review.

Microalgae are regarded as a rich trove of diverse secondary metabolites that exert remarkable biological activities. In particular, microalgae-derived bioactive phenolic compounds (MBPCs) are a boon to biopharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries due to their diverse bioactivities, including antimicrobial, anticancer, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities. The state-of-the-art green technologies for extraction and purification of MBPCs, along with the modern progress in the identification and characterization of MBPCs, have accelerated the discovery of novel active pharmaceutical compounds.

TRIMs: selective recruitment at different steps of the NF-κB pathway-determinant of activation or resolution of inflammation.

TNF-α-induced NF-κB pathway is an essential component of innate and adaptive immune pathway, and it is tightly regulated by various post-translational modifications including ubiquitination. Oscillations in NF-κB activation and temporal gene expression are emerging as critical determinants of inflammatory response, however, the regulators of unique outcomes in different patho-physiological conditions are not well understood. Tripartite Motif-containing proteins (TRIMs) are RING domain-containing E3 ligases involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis, metabolism, cell death, inflammation, and host defence.

Exosome Release Is Modulated by the Mitochondrial-Lysosomal Crosstalk in Parkinson's Disease Stress Conditions.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) pars compacta region of the brain. The main pathological hallmark involves cytoplasmic inclusions of α-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction, which is observed in other part of the central nervous system other than SN suggesting the spread of pathogenesis to bystander neurons. The inter-neuronal communication through exosomes may play an important role in the spread of the disease; however, the mechanisms are not well elucidated.

Anticancer, antimicrobial activities of quinoline based hydrazone analogues: Synthesis, characterization and molecular docking.

Based on the biologically active heterocycle quinoline, a series (18a-p) of quinoline hydrazone analogues were prepared, starting from 6-bromo/6-chloro-2-methyl-quinolin-4-yl-hydrazines. For all the newly synthesized compounds cytotoxic activities were carried out at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA, against full NCI 60 human cancer cell lines. Amongst all the tested compounds, nine compounds (18b, 18d, 18e, 18f, 18g, 18h, 18i, 18j, 18l) exhibited important anti-proliferative activity at 10 µM concentration and were further screened at 10-fold dilutions of five different concentrations (0.

Correction to: Neuroprotective Role of Novel Triazine Derivatives by Activating Wnt/β Catenin Signaling Pathway in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes in figures.

Studies on the luminescence properties of cerium co-doping on Ca MgSi O :Eu phosphor by solid-state reaction method.

Ca MgSi O :Ce , Ca MgSi O :Eu and Ca MgSi O :Eu ,Ce phosphors were prepared using the solid-state reaction method. The crystal structures of the sintered phosphors were of melilite type, which has a tetragonal crystallography. The chemical compositions of the sintered phosphors was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Site Formation Processes and Hunter-Gatherers Use of Space in a Tropical Environment: A Geo-Ethnoarchaeological Approach from South India.

Hunter-gatherer societies have distinct social perceptions and practices which are expressed in unique use of space and material deposition patterns. However, the identification of archaeological evidence associated with hunter-gatherer activity is often challenging, especially in tropical environments such as rainforests. We present an integrated study combining ethnoarchaeology and geoarchaeology in order to study archaeological site formation processes related to hunter-gatherers' ways of living in tropical forests.

Transcriptomic Analysis of Multipurpose Timber Yielding Tree Neolamarckia cadamba during Xylogenesis Using RNA-Seq.

Neolamarckia cadamba is a fast-growing tropical hardwood tree that is used extensively for plywood and pulp production, light furniture fabrication, building materials, and as a raw material for the preparation of certain indigenous medicines. Lack of genomic resources hampers progress in the molecular breeding and genetic improvement of this multipurpose tree species. In this study, transcriptome profiling of differentiating stems was performed to understand N.

Noncontact speckle-based optical sensor for detection of glucose concentration using magneto-optic effect.

We experimentally verify a speckle-based technique for noncontact measurement of glucose concentration in the bloodstream. The final device is intended to be a single wristwatch-style device containing a laser, a camera, and an alternating current (ac) electromagnet generated by a solenoid. The experiments presented are performed in vitro as proof of the concept.

Validated HPTLC Method for Quantification of Luteolin and Apigenin in Premna mucronata Roxb., Verbenaceae.

A simple, rapid, and precise high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed for quantitative estimation of luteolin and apigenin in Premna mucronata Roxb., family Verbenaceae. Separation was performed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates using toluene : ethyl acetate : formic acid (6 : 4 : 0.

Protective effect of extracts of Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muell.-Arg. against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity-an in vivo and in vitro study.

Aim: Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of ethyl methyl ketone and methanol sub-fractions obtained from methanol fraction of total methanol extract (ME) was carried out both in vivo and in vitro using paracetamol-induced toxicity.

Settings And Design: Hepatoprotective activity in vivo was assessed by determining the serum levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, total protein (TPTN), and albumin in serum. The studies were supported by histopathological examination of liver sections.

Effect of thermal annealing on the thermoluminescent properties of nano-calcium fluoride and its dose-response characteristics.

Nano-CaF2, prepared by the co-precipitation method, was annealed under different annealing conditions to improve its thermoluminescence (TL) characteristics. Different annealing parameters, such as temperature (400-700°C), duration (1-4 h) and environment (vacuum and air), were explored. The effect on TL sensitivity, peak position (Tm) and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) with respect to the different annealing conditions are discussed as they are the measure of crystallinity of the material.

Neuroprotective Role of Novel Triazine Derivatives by Activating Wnt/β Catenin Signaling Pathway in Rodent Models of Alzheimer's Disease.

It has been reported in the literature that cholinesterase inhibitors provide protection in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent reports have implicated triazine derivatives as cholinesterase inhibitors. These findings led us to investigate anti-cholinestrase property of some novel triazine derivatives synthesized in this laboratory.

Improved noncontact optical sensor for detection of glucose concentration and indication of dehydration level.

The ability to extract different bio-medical parameters from one single wristwatch device can be very applicable. The wearable device that is presented in this paper is based on two optical approaches. The first is the extraction and separation of remote vibration sources and the second is the rotation of linearly polarized light by certain materials exposed to magnetic fields.

Quantitative determination of nebivolol from human plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

In the present work, a rapid, sensitive, specific, precise and accurate liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determination of nebivolol in human plasma was developed and validated with a large calibration curve range (50-5000 pg/mL) which can be used for routine drug analysis and bioequivalence studies. Liquid-liquid extraction method was used to extract the analyte from the human plasma. The separation was achieved using Waters symmetry, C18, 4.

Quantitative phase-contrast imaging with compact digital holographic microscope employing Lloyd's mirror.

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) is one of the most effective techniques used for quantitative phase imaging of cells. Here we present a compact, easy to implement, portable, and very stable DHM setup employing a self-referencing Lloyd's mirror configuration. The microscope is constructed using a diode laser source and a CMOS sensor, making it cost effective.

The self-assembly and aqueous solubilization of [60]fullerene with disaccharides.

Solubilization of [60]fullerene in water by complexation with disaccharides in mixed homogeneous solvent system, is described for the first time. The complexation of extremely water-insoluble [60]fullerene dissolved in non-polar solvent toluene and extremely water-soluble disaccharides dissolved in polar solvent DMSO resulted in an unique self-assembled highly crystalline water-soluble [60]fullerene-disaccharide complex. The interaction between [60]fullerene and disaccharides was found to be non-covalent and were characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, NMR, XRD, and thermogravimetric analysis.

A spectroscopic study for understanding the speciation of Cr on palm shell based adsorbents and their application for the remediation of chrome plating effluents.

Palm shell based adsorbents prepared under five different thermochemical conditions have been shown to be quite effective for removal of chromium (III and VI) from aqueous solutions. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) have been used to determine information about the speciation and binding of chromium on the adsorbents under study. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies indicate that oxidation of lignin moieties takes place concurrently to Cr(VI) reduction and leads to the formation of hydroxyl and carboxyl functions.