Effect of Different Harvest Time and Microwave Aging on Aroma Characteristics of Japanese Apricot Wine.

The aroma and nutrition of Japanese apricot fruit change continuously as the fruit ripens. The differences in fruit aroma and nutrition can affect the resulting wine, which is produced by steeping the Japanese apricot fruit. In this study, we used HS-SPME-GC-MS to examine the aromatic compositions of Japanese apricot fruit and wine produced from its macerated fruit at different levels of ripeness.

Antiviral Activity and Underlying Mechanism of Aqueous Extract for Treating SARS-CoV-2.

Despite the widespread use of COVID-19 vaccines, there is still a global need to find effective therapeutics to deal with the variants of SARS-CoV-2. (MH) is a herbal medicine credited with antiviral effects. This study aims to investigate the antiviral effects and the underlying mechanism of aqueous extract of (AEMH) for treating SARS-CoV-2.

Two Cysteines in Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein Make Differential Contributions to Structural Dynamics In Vitro.

As a scaffolding protein, Raf kinase binding protein (RKIP) is involved in a variety of cellular pathways, including the Raf-MEK-ERK-cascade. It acts as a negative regulator by binding to its partners, making it an attractive target in the development of therapeutic strategies for cancer. Despite its structural stability as a monomer, RKIP may form a dimer, resulting in the switching of binding partners.

Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese Honey.

The nutritional value of honey is closely related to its components, which are highly influenced by the botanic origin. ( (Franch.) var.

Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds and Chemical Elements in Herbs: Effectiveness of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents in Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction.

In this study, the effectiveness of three choline chloride (ChCl)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed using malonic acid (MalA), glycerol (Gly), and glucose (Glu) as hydrogen bond donors and two conventional solvents (50% methanol and 50% ethanol) for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant compounds from four herbs (chamomile, lemon balm, nettle, and spearmint) were estimated. The antioxidant capacity (AC) of the obtained herb extracts was determined by the modified 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. Profiles of phenolic acids, flavonoid aglycones, and flavonoid glycosides in the green and conventional herb extracts were quantitatively analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).

Role of Copper and Zinc Ions in the Hydrolytic Degradation of Neurodegeneration-Related Peptides.

Spontaneous cleavage reactions normally occur in vivo on amino acid peptide backbones, leading to fragmentation products that can have different physiological roles and toxicity, particularly when the substrate of the hydrolytic processes are neuronal peptides and proteins highly related to neurodegeneration. We report a hydrolytic study performed with the HPLC-MS technique at different temperatures (4 °C and 37 °C) on peptide fragments of different neuronal proteins (amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein) in physiological conditions in the presence of Cu and Zn ions, two metal ions found at millimolar concentrations in amyloid plaques. The coordination of these metal ions with these peptides significantly protects their backbones toward hydrolytic degradation, preserving the entire sequences over two weeks in solution, while the free peptides in the same buffer are fully fragmented after the same or even shorter incubation period.

Environmental Applications of Mass Spectrometry for Emerging Contaminants.

Emerging contaminants (ECs), encompassing pharmaceuticals, personal care products, pesticides, and industrial chemicals, represent a growing threat to ecosystems and human health due to their persistence, bioaccumulation potential, and often-unknown toxicological profiles. Addressing these challenges necessitates advanced analytical tools capable of detecting and quantifying trace levels of ECs in complex environmental matrices. This review highlights the pivotal role of mass spectrometry (MS) in monitoring ECs, emphasizing its high sensitivity, specificity, and versatility across various techniques such as Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HR-MS).

Characterization and Analysis of 2-(2-Phenylethyl)chromone Derivatives and Sesquiterpenoids from Agarwood of Four "Qi-Nan" Clones () with Different Induction Times.

In recent years, some new "Qi-Nan" clones of with the characteristics of easy induction and high-quality agarwood have been obtained, through the cultivation and propagation of grafted seedlings. These clones are used for the intensive production of high-quality agarwood. The speed of resin formation and yield are crucial for the development of the agarwood industry.

Study of Ultrasound-Assisted Low-Pressure Closed Acid Digestion Method for Trace Element Determination in Rock Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry.

In this paper, a method of ultrasound-assisted low-pressure closed acid digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis was proposed for trace element quantification in rock samples. By using 1.5 mL of a binary acid mixture of HNO-HF with a ratio of 2:1, rock powder samples of 50 mg were completely decomposed in 12 h at 140 °C after 4 h of ultrasonic treatment with or without pressure relief procedure.

Conjugation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Bicyclic-Amines for Analysis by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectroscopy.

Conjugation of short-chain fatty acids (SDFAs) to amines containing ring structures allows for better measurement by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). However, collision-induced dissociation (CID) results in breaking the conjugate back to the original SCFA and amine. We therefore set out to find an amine that would remain on the SCFA after CID and create a unique daughter for selectivity of measurement.

Synthesis of Alkyl α-Amino-benzylphosphinates by the Aza-Pudovik Reaction; The Preparation of the Butyl Phenyl--phosphinate Starting P-Reagent.

Butyl phenyl--phosphinate that is not available commercially was prepared from phenyl--phosphinic acid by three methods: by alkylating esterification (i), by microwave-assisted direct esterification (ii), and unexpectedly, by thermal esterification (iii). Considering the green aspects, selectivity and scalability, the thermal variation seemed to be optimal. However, there was need for prolonged heating.

Multivariate Statistical Analyses of the Temporal Variation in the Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of in Cyprus.

The genus L'Hér., is native to Australia with 61 introduced taxa in Cyprus, including Luehm., which has a wide distribution on the island.

Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Extraction and Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of (Poly)phenols from .

Phenolic compounds have antiglycation activity, but the changes occurring during thermal treatment (TT) in these activities are not completely understood. The effects of the extraction conditions of (poly)phenols from fruits, before and after TT, on their antioxidant and antiglycation effects were assessed. (Poly)phenol-enriched extracts (PEEs) from raw and TT (90 °C, 1 h) were extracted using three solvent mixtures (ethanol/water/acetic acid) with increasing water content (0, 24, and 49%) and three solvent-to-solid ratios (5, 10, and 20 mL/g).

Separation of Inorganic Forms of Tellurium Using On-Site SPE Followed by ICP-MS or ICP-OES-The Right Solution for Water Monitoring.

Tellurium, recognized as one of the technology-critical elements, should be considered as a xenobiotic. Its application, i.a.

New Oxygenated Methoxy--Cymene Derivatives from Leopard's Bane ( Ten., Asteraceae) Essential Oil: Synthesis Facilitating the Identification of Isomeric Minor Constituents in Complex Matrices.

Species of the genus are known for their pharmacological properties and essential oils, the chemical composition of which remains inadequately studied. In this work, GC-MS analysis, synthesis, and spectral techniques (UV, IR, MS, and NMR) were employed to identify 83 constituents in the essential oil from roots, which accounted for 98.1% of the total GC-peak area.

Uncovering the Metabolic Footprint of New Psychoactive Substances by Metabolomics: A Systematic Review.

New psychoactive substances (NPSs) emerged in the 2000s as legal alternatives to illicit drugs and quickly became a huge public health threat due to their easy accessibility online, limited information, and misleading labels. Synthetic cannabinoids and synthetic cathinones are the most reported groups of NPSs. Despite NPSs being widely studied, due to their structural diversity and the constant emergence of novel compounds with unknown properties, the development of new techniques is required to clarify their mode of action and evaluate their toxicological effects.

Exploring Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) for Enhanced Essential Oil Extraction: Current Insights and Applications.

Essential oils (EOs) are highly valued in the cosmetic and food industries for their diverse properties. However, traditional extraction methods often result in low yields, inconsistent compositions, lengthy extraction times, and the use of potentially harmful solvents. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have emerged as promising alternatives, offering advantages such as higher efficiency, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and tunable properties.

Changes in the Content of Dietary Fiber, Flavonoids, and Phenolic Acids in the Morphological Parts of (L.) Gaertn Under Drought Stress.

Background: Tartary buckwheat is a plant recognized for its resistance to various environmental stresses. Due to its valuable source of phenolic compounds, is also characterized as a medicinal plant; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the drought stress for the levels of phenolic compounds in the morphological parts of the plant.

Methods: This experiment was conducted in 7 L pots under laboratory conditions.

From Waste to Value: Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of Anthocyanins and Flavonols from L. Oilcakes.

L., commonly known as the mastic tree or lentisk, is a woody Mediterranean plant revered for its ecological relevance as well as for its extensive ethnobotanical heritage. Historically, the fruits and the resin of have been widely utilized in traditional medicine, underscoring its important role in local healing practices.

Characterization and Otoprotective Effects of Polysaccharides from .

Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory disorders in humans, and a large number of cases are due to ear cell damage caused by ototoxic drugs including anticancer agents, such as cisplatin. The recent literature reported that hearing loss is promoted by an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cochlea cells, which causes oxidative stress. Recently, polysaccharides from the cyanobacterium showed many biological activities, including antioxidant activity, suggesting their potential use to combat hearing loss.

Comprehensive Analysis of : Inorganic Elements, Amino Acids, and Bioactive Compounds and Their Anticancer, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Properties.

The Compendium of Materia Medica highlights the therapeutic properties of (). In this study, the species and content of volatile components, inorganic elements, and amino acids were measured, and the activity of crude extracts of ethanol and water was studied. GC-MS analysis revealed 37-53 components across different life stages, excluding excessive heavy metals and containing essential trace elements.

Two Small Peptides from Hydrolysates Exhibit Antitumor Activity Through Inhibition of TNF-α-Mediated Signal Transduction Pathways.

The scorpion Karsch is edible and has been an essential resource in traditional Chinese medicine for treating numerous diseases. In this study, two small peptides from hydrolysates were examined to elucidate their potential against gastric cancer. The small peptides (AK and GK) were identified using the LC-QTOF-MS-based approach.

The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Based on Sociodemographic Variables and Healthy Habits in Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Study.

: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTW) are two multifactorial pathological conditions that have been increasing in prevalence worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate how various sociodemographic variables and healthy habits are associated with the presence or absence of MetS and HTW. : This study employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of a retrospective longitudinal study and a cross-sectional descriptive study, analyzing 44,939 healthcare workers with MS and HTW across four professional categories to evaluate the relationship between age, sex, smoking, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet using three diagnostic criteria.

Anti-Inflammatory Potential and Synergic Activities of (L.) L. Leaf-Derived Ointment Formulation in Combination with the Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac in Suppressing Atopic Dermatitis (AD).

Atopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is an important inflammatory chronic skin disease that brings many complications in its management and treatment. Although several chemical agents are used for treatment, the search for better anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents of plant origin has been ongoing, since natural compounds, it is commonly believed, are less dangerous than synthetic ones. Therefore, the present study explored a medicinal plant- (L.

Are Trace Elements Provided for Children on Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition Adequate to Meet Their Needs?

: We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate whether children receiving long-term parenteral nutrition (LPN) are at risk of imbalances in selected trace elements. : Serum levels of manganese, zinc, copper, selenium, and iodine were measured in 83 children on LPN and compared with 121 healthy controls. Children with signs of infection or elevated C-reactive protein levels were excluded.