Nyquist Ghost Elimination for Diffusion MRI by Dual-polarity Readout at Low b-values.

Dual-polarity readout is a simple and robust way to mitigate Nyquist ghosting in diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging but imposes doubled scan time. We here propose how dual-polarity readout can be implemented with little or no increase in scan time by exploiting an observed b-value dependence and signal averaging. The b-value dependence was confirmed in healthy volunteers with distinct ghosting at low b-values but of negligible magnitude at b = 1000 s/mm2.

Reproducibility of proton density fat fraction assessment of thigh muscle in a multi-site, multi-vendor cohort study at 10 years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Dixon-based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) intramuscular proton density fat fraction (PDFF) is a potentially useful imaging biomarker of muscle quality. However, multi-vendor, multi-site reproducibility of intramuscular PDFF quantification, required for large clinical studies, can be strongly dependent on acquisition and processing. The purpose of this study was (I) to develop a 6-point Dixon MRI-based acquisition and processing technique for reproducible multi-vendor, multi-site quantification of thigh intramuscular PDFF; and (II) to evaluate the ability of the technique to detect differences in thigh muscle status between operated .

Using patient-generated health data more efficient and effectively to facilitate the implementation of value-based healthcare in the EU - Innovation report.

Healthcare services and products are rapidly changing due to the development of new technologies, offering relevant solutions to improve patient outcomes. Patient-Generated Health Data and knowledge-sharing across the European Union (EU) has a great potential of making healthcare provision more effective and efficient by putting the patient at the centre of the healthcare process. While such initiatives have been taken before, a uniting and overarching approach is still missing.

Deep learning super-resolution reconstruction for fast and high-quality cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance.

Objectives: To compare standard-resolution balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) cine images with cine images acquired at low resolution but reconstructed with a deep learning (DL) super-resolution algorithm.

Materials And Methods: Cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) datasets (short-axis and 4-chamber views) were prospectively acquired in healthy volunteers and patients at normal (cine: 1.89 × 1.

Color-map recommendation for MR relaxometry maps.

Purpose: To harmonize the use of color for MR relaxometry maps and therefore recommend the use of specific color-maps for representing , , and maps and their inverses.

Methods: Perceptually linearized color-maps were chosen to have similar color settings as those proposed by Griswold et al. in 2018.

Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol.

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early childhood. The acquisition of multimodal magnetic resonance-based brain development data is central to the study's core protocol. However, application of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) methods in this population is complicated by technical challenges and difficulties of imaging in early life.

Inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of multi-parametric diffusion-weighted MR imaging in longitudinally imaged patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and healthy volunteers.

Background: Despite the widespread use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), MRI acquisition and quantification techniques vary in the literature suggesting the need for established and reproducible protocols. The goal of this study was to assess inter-visit and inter-reader reproducibility of DWI- and IVIM-derived parameters in patients with MAFLD and healthy volunteers using extensive sampling of the "fast" compartment, non-rigid registration, and exclusion voxels with poor fit quality.

Methods: From June 2019 to April 2023, 31 subjects (20 patients with biopsy-proven MAFLD and 11 healthy volunteers) were included in this IRB-approved study.

Novel spin-lock time sampling strategies for improved reproducibility in quantitative T1ρ mapping.

This study aimed to optimize the sampling of spin-lock times (TSLs) in quantitative T1ρ mapping for improved reproducibility. Two new TSL sampling schemes were proposed: (i) reproducibility-guided random sampling (RRS) and (ii) reproducibility-guided optimal sampling (ROS). They were compared to the existing linear sampling (LS) and precision-guided sampling (PS) schemes for T1ρ reproducibility through numerical simulations, phantom experiments, and volunteer studies.

State-of-the-Art Quantification of Liver Iron With MRI-Vendor Implementation and Available Tools.

The role of MRI to estimate liver iron concentration (LIC) for identifying patients with iron overload and guiding the titration of chelation therapy is increasingly established for routine clinical practice. However, the existence of multiple MRI-based LIC quantification techniques limits standardization and widespread clinical adoption. In this article, we review the existing and widely accepted MRI-based LIC estimation methods at 1.

New non-contrast MRI of endolymphatic hydrops in Ménière's disease considering inversion time.

Objectives: Three-tesla MRI with gadolinium-based contrast agents is important in diagnosing Ménière's disease. However, contrast agents cannot be used in some patients. By using the compositional difference between the inner ear endolymph and perilymph, we performed basic and clinical research focused on potassium ions and protein to find the optimal parameters for visualizing endolymphatic hydrops on MRI without contrast.

A Combination of Amide Proton Transfer, Tumor Blood Flow, and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Histogram Analysis Is Useful for Differentiating Malignant from Benign Intracranial Tumors in Young Patients: A Preliminary Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the amide proton transfer (APT), tumor blood flow (TBF), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) combined diagnostic value for differentiating intracranial malignant tumors (MTs) from benign tumors (BTs) in young patients, as defined by the 2021 World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors.

Methods: Fifteen patients with intracranial MTs and 10 patients with BTs aged 0-30 years underwent MRI with APT, pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL), and diffusion-weighted imaging. All tumors were evaluated through the use of histogram analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare 10 parameters for each sequence between the groups.

Characterization of the orientation dependence of magnetization transfer measures in single and crossing-fiber white matter.

Purpose: To fully characterize the orientation dependence of magnetization transfer (MT) and inhomogeneous MT (ihMT) measures in the whole white matter (WM), for both single-fiber and crossing-fiber voxels.

Methods: A characterization method was developed using the fiber orientation obtained from diffusion MRI (dMRI) with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and constrained spherical deconvolution. This allowed for characterization of the orientation dependence of measures in all of WM, regardless of the number of fiber orientation in a voxel.

The usefulness of super-selective arterial spin labeling for postoperative evaluation of pediatric moyamoya disease: technical note.

Moyamoya disease is characterized by progressive internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. Extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery is effective, particularly in pediatric patients; imaging plays a crucial role in evaluating intracranial perfusion pre- and post-surgery. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance technique employed for noninvasive, whole-brain perfusion assessment by magnetically labeling inflowing blood.

Repeat it without me: Crowdsourcing the T mapping common ground via the ISMRM reproducibility challenge.

Purpose: T mapping is a widely used quantitative MRI technique, but its tissue-specific values remain inconsistent across protocols, sites, and vendors. The ISMRM Reproducible Research and Quantitative MR study groups jointly launched a challenge to assess the reproducibility of a well-established inversion-recovery T mapping technique, using acquisition details from a seminal T mapping paper on a standardized phantom and in human brains.

Methods: The challenge used the acquisition protocol from Barral et al.

Choroid Plexus Volume, Amyloid Burden, and Cognition in the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum.

As a part of the glymphatic system, the choroid plexus (CP) is involved in the clearance of harmful metabolites from the brain. We investigated the association between CP volume (CPV), amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, and cognition in patients on the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 203 patients on the AD continuum and 82 healthy controls who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging and F-florbetaben positron emission tomography.

White matter microstructure is differently associated with executive functioning in youth born with congenital heart disease and youth born preterm.

Introduction: Executive function deficits and adverse psychological outcomes are common in youth with congenital heart disease (CHD) or born preterm. Association white matter bundles play a critical role in higher order cognitive and emotional functions and alterations to their microstructural organization may result in adverse neuropsychological functioning. This study aimed to examine the relationship of myelination and axon density and orientation alterations within association bundles with executive functioning, psychosocial well-being, and resilience in youth with CHD or born preterm.

The CALIPR framework for highly accelerated myelin water imaging with improved precision and sensitivity.

Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques are powerful tools for the study of human tissue, but, in practice, their utility has been limited by lengthy acquisition times. Here, we introduce the Constrained, Adaptive, Low-dimensional, Intrinsically Precise Reconstruction (CALIPR) framework in the context of myelin water imaging (MWI); a quantitative MRI technique generally regarded as the most rigorous approach for noninvasive, in vivo measurement of myelin content. The CALIPR framework exploits data redundancy to recover high-quality images from a small fraction of an imaging dataset, which allowed MWI to be acquired with a previously unattainable sequence (fully sampled acquisition 2 hours:57 min:20 s) in 7 min:26 s (4.

Impact of follow ups, time interval and study duration in diffusion & myelin MRI clinical study in MS.

It is currently unknown how quantitative diffusion and myelin MRI designs affect the results of a longitudinal study. We used two independent datasets containing 6 monthly MRI measurements from 20 healthy controls and 20 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) patients. Six designs were tested, including 3 MRI acquisitions, either over 6 months or over a shorter study duration, with balanced (same interval) or unbalanced (different interval) time intervals between MRI acquisitions.