Clinical characteristics and outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with family history of chronic airway disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous condition with different risk factors, including family history. This study aimed to explore association between a family history of chronic airway disease and features and outcomes of COPD.

Methods: Participants were obtained from the RealDTC study between December 2016 and December 2022.

European cancer mortality predictions for the year 2025 with focus on breast cancer.

Background: We predicted the number of cancer deaths and rates for 2025 in the European Union (EU), its five most populous countries, and the UK, focusing on breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: We derived population data and death certificates for all cancers and major sites for the EU, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Spain, and the UK since 1970, from the World Health Organization and United Nations databases. Estimates for 2025 were computed by linear regression on recent trends identified through Poisson joinpoint regression, considering the slope of the most recent trend segment.

Omega-3 index improves upon the pooled cohort equation in predicting risk for CVD.

Background: Accurate predictive tools are crucial for identifying patients at increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) is commonly used to predict 10-year risk for ASCVD, but its accuracy remains imperfect.

Objective: This study examined the extent to which the omega-3 index (O3I; the proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid in erythrocyte membranes) improved the predictive capability of PCE.

Linking epidemiology and genomics of maternal smoking during pregnancy in utero and in ageing: a population-based study using human foetuses and the UK Biobank cohort.

Background: Maternal smoking and foetal exposure to nicotine and other harmful chemicals in utero remains a serious public health issue with little knowledge about the underlying genetics and consequences of maternal smoking in ageing individuals. Here, we investigated the epidemiology and genomic architecture of maternal smoking in a middle-aged population and compare the results to effects observed in the developing foetus.

Methods: In the current project, we included 351,562 participants from the UK Biobank (UKB) and estimated exposure to maternal smoking status during pregnancy through self-reporting from the UKB participants about the mother's smoking status around their birth.

[Merkel cell carcinoma: An update].

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare skin cancer that mainly affects the elderly, and whose incidence is increasing. Although the exact origin of this cancer remains uncertain, research in recent years has revealed that MCC develops through two oncogenesis pathways: virally induced by the Merkel polyomavirus (80% of cases) and induced by mutations linked to ultraviolet rays (20% of cases). MCC is an aggressive cancer, with a high mortality rate and limited therapeutic options in advanced stage.

Vasoplegia in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Current Definitions and Their Influence on Clinical Outcomes.

Objectives: To identify differences in the reported vasoplegia incidence, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and 30-day mortality rates as influenced by different vasoplegia definitions used in cardiac surgery studies.

Design: A systematic review was performed covering the period 1977 to 2023 using PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Emcare and a meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42021258328) was performed.

Setting And Participants: One hundred studies defining vasoplegia in cardiac surgery patients were systematically reviewed.

Effect of implementing training programme for nurses about care bundle on prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia among newborns.

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a frequent and severe complication among newborns in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). It is associated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates, more extended hospital stays and increased health care costs. Implementing preventive care bundles and structured sets of evidence-based practices reduces VAP incidence.

Association Between Body Fat Percentage and Urinary Flow Rate in US Adults: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018.

To assess the relationship between total body fat percentage(TBFP), trunk fat percentage(TFP), and urinary flow rate(UFR).We stratified by age and sex and hypothesize that TBFP and TFP are negatively associated with UFR across all groups.The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which includes a series of nationally representative cross-sectional surveys.

Effects of rescue airway pressure release ventilation on mortality in severe pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: a retrospective comparative analysis from India.

Background: Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) has a mortality rate of up to 75%, which can be up to 90% in high-risk patients. Even with the use of advanced ventilation strategies, mortality remains unacceptably high at 40%. Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) mode is a new strategy in PARDS.

Efficacy of Acoramidis on All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Hospitalization in Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy.

Background: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is an underdiagnosed chronic disease associated with progressive heart failure that results in impaired quality of life, repeated hospitalizations, and premature death. Acoramidis is a selective, oral transthyretin stabilizer recently approved by the U.S.

Comprehensive systems biology analysis of microRNA-101-3p regulatory network identifies crucial genes and pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. This study aimed to explore the role of hsa-miR-101-3p in HCC pathogenesis by identifying key genes and pathways. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis revealed twelve hub genes (ETNK1, BICRA, IL1R1, KDM3A, ARID2, GSK3β, EZH2, NOTCH1, SMARCA4, FOS, CREB1, and CASP3) and highlighted their involvement in crucial oncogenic pathways, including PI3K/Akt, mTOR, MAPK, and TGF-β.

High-throughput screening of natural antiviral drug candidates against white spot syndrome virus targeting VP28 in Penaeus monodon: Computational drug design approaches.

The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), considered the deadliest pathogen impacting Penaeid shrimp (Penaeus monodon), remains worrisome for the global shrimp industry due to its extreme virulence and mortality rate of up to 100%. To date, there has been no breakthrough in effective antivirals or vaccines that can mitigate the financial damage caused by the pathogen. The distinctive structure of VP28 facilitates its role as a trimer, serving as the primary envelope protein of WSSV.

Computational and molecular insights on non-synonymous SNPs associated with human RAAS genes: Consequences for Hypertension vulnerability.

Hypertension is the foremost modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases, and overall mortality on a global scale. Genetic variants have the potential to alter an individual's drug responses. In the present study, we employed a comprehensive computational analysis to evaluate the structural and functional implications of deleterious missense variants to examine the influence of RAAS genes such as AT1R, AT2R, and MasR on susceptibility to hypertension.

Black nursing faculty: Overcoming challenges on the road to earning tenure and promotion.

Background: Approximately 9 % of nursing faculty are Black (National League for Nursing, 2020). Black faculty seldom seek tenure and promotion. Tenure and promotion represent a professional and academic accomplishment, reflecting a scholar's ability to achieve success in research, teaching, and service.

Exploring the impact on faculty of the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education.

Background: Current nursing instructional methods inadequately prepare students for complex healthcare settings, exacerbating challenges in new graduate competency and transition to practice. The introduction of standardized competencies marks a substantial shift in nursing education, posing a considerable challenge for faculty implementing these changes.

Purpose: This study examined the experiences of faculty implementing a competency-based education program utilizing The Essentials: Core Competencies for Professional Nursing Education (2021) in undergraduate Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) education programs.

Assessing the link of malnutrition with diabetes and mortality risk in heart failure patients.

Aims: Malnutrition is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing the clinical outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). Diabetes exacerbates risks like hospitalizations and mortality due to cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to explore the association of malnutrition with diabetes and its prognostic impact on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with HF, using the nutritional assessment tools, controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI).

Recanalization for Symptomatic Non-acute Intracranial Large Vessel Occlusion: An Observational Study.

Aim: This study investigated the efficacy and safety of endovascular revascularization for symptomatic non-acute atherosclerotic intracranial LVO.

Methods: For non-acute atherosclerotic intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO), despite aggressive medical treatment, recurrent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack related to the occluded artery still occurs repeatedly. This retrospective cohort study included stroke patients with intracranial LVO who received endovascular treatment (EVT), categorized by successful recanalization and the time interval from symptom onset to revascularization (＜30 days vs.

Investigation of the Effect of Empagliflozin on Cardiac Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nerve Activity Analyzed From Heart Rate Variability Frequency in Japanese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes - Results From the EMPYREAN Study.

Background: The EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial confirmed empagliflozin reduced mortality and heart failure hospitalization risk. These findings raised the possibility that empagliflozin may modulate cardiac autonomic function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods And Results: The EMPYREAN study was a prospective randomized open-label assessor-blinded multicenter investigation of patients with T2D without prior antidiabetic therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 or dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors.

Surgery in patients aged ≥ 80 years: mortality and recovery in a nationwide cohort study.

Introduction: As the global population ages, the demand for surgical interventions in older adults is rising. Older patients face increased risks due to age-related physiological changes and comorbidities, making surgery and postoperative care challenging. This study aimed to assess short- and long-term mortality, as well as patient-centred outcomes such as days alive and at home 30 and 90 days after surgery, in patients aged ≥ 80 y undergoing surgical procedures.

Mortality and its influencing factors during anti-tuberculosis treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Hunan Province.

Objectives: Reducing mortality during anti-tuberculosis treatment is crucial for completing full-course standardized therapy and achieving tuberculosis cure. The study aims to analyze the mortality and its influencing factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergoing anti-tuberculosis treatment in Hunan Province.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, data on pulmonary tuberculosis patients from the Hunan Provincial Tuberculosis Management Information System were collected between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2023.

A crosssectional study on healthcare workers sleep and psychological resilience.

Objectives: Healthcare workers, as a high-stress professional group, face long-term high-intensity workloads and complex medical environments, resulting in increasingly prominent mental health issues. In particular, the widespread presence of anxiety symptoms and somatic pain has become a major factor affecting both the quality of care and the career development of healthcare workers. This study aims to investigate the mediating and moderating roles of psychological resilience and sleep in the relationship between somatic pain and anxiety among healthcare workers.

Self-Perception as a Predictor of Eating Disorder Severity in a Residential Sample of Women and Girls With Eating Disorders.

Eating disorders are serious mental health conditions with significant negative health outcomes, high mortality rates, and comorbid mental health conditions. Despite many available interventions for eating disorders, treatment remains challenging due to the difficulty in maintaining treatment gains. Understanding effective treatment processes is crucial.

Prioritising community-defined interventions to address the health and well-being impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on racially minoritised communities in East London: results from an adapted James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership.

Objectives: Racially minoritised communities (RMCs) were disproportionately affected by COVID-19, experiencing among the highest mortality rates of the UK's pandemic. We sought to understand the priorities for action to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of RMCs in the ethnically diverse and socioeconomically unequal area of East London, located in the northeastern part of London, England.

Design: Prospective surveys and a consensus meeting following the established James Lind Alliance priority setting partnership (PSP) methodology, adapted for a specific geographic location and ethnic groups.

Assessment of the prognostic performance of TIMI, PAMI, CADILLAC and GRACE scores for short-term major adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing emergent percutaneous revascularisation: a prospective observational study.

Objectives: Accurately predicting short-term MACE (major adverse cardiac events) following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains a clinical challenge. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of four established risk scores in predicting short-term MACE after primary PCI.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Targeting insulin stacking to address overnight hypoglycaemia in hospitalised patients with diabetes.

Inpatient hypoglycaemia is a significant concern in patients with diabetes due to its association with increased mortality. At the Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, we developed a project to reduce overnight hypoglycaemia in hospitalised patients with diabetes by addressing insulin stacking, defined as insulin dosed within 4 hours of each other. By delaying the timing of bedtime correctional insulin administration in the electronic health record, we achieved a 28% reduction in the proportion of patients experiencing insulin stacking after one year.