Safety and immunogenicity of an mRNA-1273 vaccine booster in adolescents.

Safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of an mRNA-1273 50-μg booster were evaluated in adolescents (12-17 years), with and without pre-booster SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants who had received the 2-dose mRNA-1273 100-µg primary series in the TeenCOVE trial (NCT04649151) were offered the mRNA-1273 50-μg booster. Primary objectives included safety and inference of effectiveness by establishing noninferiority of neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses after the booster compared with the nAb post-primary series of mRNA-1273 among young adults in COVE (NCT04470427).

Advances in Radiation Oncology in Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Purpose: To review recent advances with radiation therapy (RT) for soft tissue sarcomas (STS).

Recent Findings: Newer data showcases hypofractionated preoperative RT for soft tissue sarcomas treated with surgery to be safe and effective, however, long-term follow up data is pending. Hypofractionated and dose-escalated RT in patients with unresectable STS is also being studied, for which we remain optimistic given advances in RT planning approaches.

Diagnostic Value of Serum miR-499a-5p in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of miR-499a-5p in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and its value in early diagnosis of ASD. This is a retrospective case-control study that included 40 children with ASD as a case group and 43 healthy children as a control group. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on all subjects, and the children were scored with childhood autism rating scale (CARS) and autism behavior checklist (ABC).

NnMTP10 from Nelumbo nucifera acts as a transporter mediating manganese and iron efflux.

Deficiency or excess of mineral elements in the environment is a primary factor limiting crop yields and nutritional quality. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an important aquatic crop in Asia, but the mechanism for accumulating mineral nutrients and coping with nutrient deficiency/excess is still largely unknown. Here, we identified NnMTP10, a member of the cation diffusion facilitator family, by screening the cDNA library of lotus.

Inhibiting Lattice Distortion of Ultrahigh Nickel Co-Free Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Ultrahigh nickel cathode materials are widely utilized due to their outstanding energy and power densities. However, the presence of cobalt can cause significant lattice distortion during charge and discharge cycles, leading to the loss of active lithium, the formation of lattice cracks, and the emergence of a rock salt phase that hinders lithium-ion transport. Herein, we developed a novel cobalt-free, aluminum-doped cathode material, LiNiMnAlO (NMA), which effectively delays the harmful H2-H3 phase transition, reduces lattice distortion, alleviates stress release, and significantly enhances structural stability.

Using Transcriptomic Signatures to Elucidate Individual and Mixture Effects of Inorganic Arsenic and Manganese in Human Placental Trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo Cells.

Prenatal exposure to the toxic metal inorganic arsenic (iAs) is associated with adverse pregnancy and fetal growth outcomes. These adverse outcomes are tied to physiological disruptions in the placenta. While iAs co-occurs in the environment with other metals such as manganese (Mn), there is a gap in the knowledge of the effects of metal-mixtures on the placenta.

Multifunctional applications enabled by tunable multi-emission and ultra-broadband VIS-NIR luminescence energy transfer in Sn/Mn-doped lead-free Zn-based metal halides.

Metal halides are widely applied in solid-state lighting (SSL), optoelectronic devices, information encryption, and near-infrared (NIR) detection due to their superior photoelectric properties and tunable emission. However, single-component phosphors that can be efficiently excited by light-emitting diode (LED) chips and cover both the visible (VIS) and NIR emission regions are still very rare. To address this issue, (TPA)ZnBr:Sn/Mn (TPA = [(CHCHCH)N]) phosphors were synthesized by using the solvent evaporation method.

Are we maintaining minimal residual disease in myeloma?

Minimal residual disease (MRD) has emerged as an important prognostic maker in patients with multiple myeloma at different stages of their treatment. Moreover, it is being increasingly incorporated as an endpoint in various clinical trials. Since maintenance therapy is an integral part of myeloma treatment, especially in the upfront setting post autologous transplantation, it is imperative to understand the role of MRD testing in the maintenance stetting.

On the Mechanism of Light-Driven O Evolution by the Mn(III) Complex [Mn(salpd)(OH)] and Quinone.

In this study, we apply TD-DFT and DFT calculations to explore the mechanistic details of O evolution in an artificial system that closely resembles Photosystem II (PSII). The reaction involves mononuclear Mn(III) complex [Mn(salpd)(OH)] and -benzoquinone under light-driven conditions. Our calculations reveal that the Schiff-base ligand salpd plays a crucial role in several key steps of the reaction, including the light-mediated oxidation of [Mn(salpd)(OH)] to [Mn(salpd)(OH)] by -benzoquinone, the subsequent oxidation of [Mn(salpd)(OH)] to the key Mn(V) intermediate [Mn(salpd)(O)], and the critical O-O bond formation step.

DIGITAL THERAPEUTIC COMBINING HYPNOSIS AND DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING INTERVENTION FOR FUNCTIONAL ABDOMINAL BLOATING (FAB): A FEASIBILITY STUDY.

Background And Aims: Abdominal bloating is a difficult symptom to treat. Hypnotherapy and diaphragmatic intervention have separately shown benefit on bloating in prior work but have not been united into a single intervention. We aimed to obtain data on the potential therapeutic impact of a novel audio-recorded bloating treatment for bloating integrating hypnosis and diaphragmatic breathing, with proposed synergistic effect.

Syncope Induced by Dynamic Head and Shoulder Motion in the Setting of Left Subclavian Stenosis.

Introduction: Dynamic vertebral artery insufficiency is a rare vascular phenomenon characterized by insufficient flow of the posterior cerebral circulation induced by dynamic motion of the head. Prior case reports have been limited to vertebral artery occlusion by cervical osteophytes or other structural impingements.

Case Report: In this case report, we discuss the unusual case of a 61-year-old female with a history of vertigo, diplopia, nystagmus, and left subclavian stenosis admitted to the hospital for syncope elicited by a left head turn and left shoulder raise.

Evaluation and comparison of infusion reactions related to prophylactic medication timing for taxane administration.

Introduction: Taxane medications, paclitaxel, and docetaxel, are chemotherapy agents that have a higher incidence of reported hypersensitivity and infusion reactions. To help classify these reactions, the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) is utilized. Prophylactic medications have been used to decrease the incidence and severity of these events.

Diagnostic Utility of Serum Ferritin in Identifying Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Cross-Sectional Study Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-2017-2020) Data.

Unlabelled: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. There are conflicting reports on the association of serum ferritin levels and its utility in discriminating various stages of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. This study is done to address the conflicts by analysing the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2017-2020 (NHANES 2017-2020) data.

Recyclable and air-stable colloidal manganese nanoparticles catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkenes with tertiary silane.

We synthesized ,-dimethylformamide (DMF)-stabilized manganese nanoparticles (Mn NPs) in a one-step process under air using manganese(ii) chloride as the precursor. The Mn NPs were characterized in terms of particle size, oxidation state, and local structure using annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The results indicate that Mn NPs are divalent nanosized particles with Mn-O bonds.

Therapeutic effects of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles on viral myocarditis correlate with biomolecular content.

Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can potently inhibit inflammation yet there is a lack of understanding about the impact of donor characteristics on the efficacy of EVs. The goal of this study was to determine whether the sex and age of donor platelet-derived EVs (PEV) affected their ability to inhibit viral myocarditis.

Methods: PEV, isolated from men and women of all ages, was compared to PEV obtained from women under 50 years of age, which we termed premenopausal PEV (pmPEV).

Education Research: Making a Tweetorial Fly: Features of Educational Social Media Posts Associated With High Sharing and Engagement.

Background And Objectives: Social media platforms such as X (formerly Twitter) are increasingly used in medical education. Characteristics of tweetorials (threaded teaching posts) associated with higher degrees of engagement are unknown. We sought to understand features of neurology-themed tweetorials associated with high sharing and engagement.

Education Research: Use by Neurologists of Microteaching and Microassessment Programs for Teaching, Learning, and Patient Care Needs: A Qualitative Study.

Background And Objectives: Microlearning is the acquisition of knowledge or skills in small units, commonly delivered by digital technology. NeuroBytes (NB) and Question of the Day (QOD) are 2 microinstructional programs in neurology. NB programs are brief, video-based mini-courses on clinical topics (microteaching); QODs are daily multiple-choice questions (microassessment).

Education Research: Trends of Neurology Clerkships in the United States Amidst a Global Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: To report a 2022 survey of US medical school neurology clerkship directors (CDs) and to compare the results with those of similar surveys conducted in 2005, 2012, and 2017.

Methods: An American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Consortium of Neurology Clerkship Directors (CNCD) workgroup developed the survey sent to all neurology CDs listed in the AAN CNCD database. Comparisons were made with 2005, 2012, and 2017 surveys.

NORDIC denoising on VASO data.

The use of submillimeter resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasing in popularity due to the prospect of studying human brain activation non-invasively at the scale of cortical layers and columns. This method, known as laminar fMRI, is inherently signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)-limited, especially at lower field strengths, with the dominant noise source being of thermal origin. Furthermore, laminar fMRI is challenged with signal displacements due to draining vein effects in conventional gradient-echo blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging contrasts.

ROBUST OUTER VOLUME SUBTRACTION WITH DEEP LEARNING GHOSTING DETECTION FOR HIGHLY-ACCELERATED REAL-TIME DYNAMIC MRI.

Real-time dynamic MRI is important for visualizing time-varying processes in several applications, including cardiac imaging, where it enables free-breathing images of the beating heart without ECG gating. However, current real-time MRI techniques commonly face challenges in achieving the required spatio-temporal resolutions due to limited acceleration rates. In this study, we propose a deep learning (DL) technique for improving the estimation of stationary outer-volume signal from shifted time-interleaved undersampling patterns.

Efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in patients with CKD: real-world experience in 93 Italian renal clinics.

Background: Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are recommended for reducing the renal and cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on the positive results reported by clinical trials. However, real-world data on the efficacy and the safety of these drugs in CKD population followed in nephrology setting are lacking.

Methods: We report the effects of dapagliflozin in CKD patients by using data collected during a learning program in which 105 nephrologists added dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) to consecutive patients referred to their renal clinics.

Parkin deficiency aggravates inflammation-induced acute lung injury by promoting necroptosis in alveolar type II cells.

Background: Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death resulting in tissue inflammation due to the release of intracellular contents. Its role and regulatory mechanism in the context of acute lung injury (ALI) are unclear. Parkin (Prkn), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, has recently been implicated in the regulation of necroptosis.

RhoA/ROCK2 signaling pathway regulates Mn-induced alterations in tight junction proteins leading to cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Elevated manganese (Mn) exposure has been implicated in a broad spectrum of neurological disorders, including motor dysfunction and cognitive deficits. Previous studies have demonstrated that Mn induces neurotoxicity by disrupting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a critical regulator in maintaining central nervous system homeostasis and a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of numerous neurological disorders. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying Mn-induced BBB disruption and its role in facilitating neurotoxicity remain incompletely understood.