Structural insights into signaling promiscuity of the CBASS anti-phage defense system from a radiation-resistant bacterium.

Radiation-resistant bacteria are of great application potential in various fields, including bioindustry and bioremediation of radioactive waste. However, how radiation-resistant bacteria combat against invading phages is seldom addressed. Here, we present a series of crystal structures of a sensor and an effector of the cyclic oligonucleotide-based anti-phage signaling system (CBASS) from a radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus wulumuqiensis.

Proton Beam Therapy for Pancreatic Tumors: A Consensus Statement from the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group Gastrointestinal Subcommittee.

Objectives: Radiotherapy manages pancreatic cancer in various settings; however, the proximity of gastrointestinal (GI) luminal organs-at-risk (OAR) poses challenges to conventional radiotherapy. Proton beam therapy (PBT) may reduce toxicities compared to photon therapy. This consensus statement summarizes PBT's safe and optimal delivery for pancreatic tumors.

Acidic stability and mechanisms of soil cadmium immobilization by layered double hydroxides intercalated with mercaptosuccinic acid.

Layered double hydroxide intercalated with mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA-CFA) holds considerable promise for remediating cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soils through selective immobilization; however, its stability under acidic conditions has yet to be investigated. The acidic stability of MSA-CFA was investigated by acid stability investigation and simulated soil acidification. In the immersion test, the cadmium dissolution rate (DR) for the Cd immobilized products of MSA-CFA (MSA-CFA-Cd) was significantly lower (2.

Manganese-modified reed biochar decreased nutrients and methane release from algae debris-contaminated sediments.

Biochar is one of the ways for carbon storage, pollution control and biosolid reuse. Aquatic plant reeds are widely used in nutrient removal in wetlands and have huge biomass. Nonetheless, little is known regarding the effects of reed-based biochar on sediments.

In vivo CRISPR activation screening reveals Chromosome 1q genes VPS72, GBA1, and MRPL9 drive hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently undergoes regional chromosomal amplification, resulting in elevated gene expression levels. We aimed to elucidate the role of these poorly understood genetic changes by employing CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) screening in mouse livers to identify which genes within these amplified loci are cancer driver genes.

Methods: We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify that frequently copy number-amplified and upregulated genes all reside on human Chromosomes 1q and 8q.

Dissolving microneedle synergistic rocaglamide-loaded liposome to regulate abnormal neutrophils for anti-psoriasis.

Psoriasis seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Rocaglamide (RocA), derived from Aglaia odorata, exhibits potent pharmacological activities. Although its efficacy in psoriasis is unclear, RocA could be a promising therapeutic drug.

Simultaneously improving tabletability and solubility of diclofenac by cocrystallization with picolinamide.

Diclofenac (DIC) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with poor tabletability and water solubility. In the present study, a new diclofenac-picolinamide cocrystal (DIC-PIC) was prepared to simultaneously improve its tabletability and solubility. The cocrystal was characterized using multiple techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, thermal methods and spectral analyses.

Comparative study of Idesia polycarpa Maxim cake meal polysaccharides: Conventional versus innovative extraction methods and their impact on structural features, emulsifying, antiglycation, and hypoglycemic properties.

Idesia polycarpa Maxim (IPM) cake meal, a major by-product of oil extraction, is often discarded in large quantities, resulting in considerable waste. This study explored the extraction of IPM polysaccharides (IPMPs) from cake meal using the innovative ultrasonic-assisted three-phase partitioning (UTPP) method, in comparison with conventional techniques, including acid, medium-temperature alkali, chelating agent, and enzyme extraction methods. The IPMP-UT prepared via UTPP method achieved superior extraction efficiency (10.

Long-Term Survival of Primary Intracranial Histiocytic Sarcoma Through Surgical Resection and Low-Dose CCNU.

A 5 yr old chihuahua presented to our clinic with a complaint of decreased activity and focal seizures. Based on the findings of MRI and computed tomography, a primary brain tumor originating from the right frontal lobe region was suspected. Surgical resection was performed, and a diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma was made via histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining.

PHENYLALANINE AMMONIA-LYASE 2 regulates secondary metabolism and confers manganese tolerance in Stylosanthes guianensis.

Stylo (Stylosanthes guianensis) is a tropical legume that exhibits considerable tolerance to manganese (Mn) toxicity, which severely constrains plant growth in acidic soils. To elucidate the Mn detoxification mechanisms in stylo, this study investigated the excess Mn-regulated metabolic profile of stylo roots and examined the role of metabolic enzymes in Mn tolerance. Excess Mn triggered oxidative stress in the two stylo genotypes tested.

Prostate Cancer Risk Prediction Model Using Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Related Findings: Impact of Combining Lesions' Locations and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values.

Objectives: The aims of the study are to develop a prostate cancer risk prediction model that combines clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related findings and to assess the impact of adding Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥3 lesions-level findings on its diagnostic performance.

Methods: This 3-center retrospective study included prostate MRI examinations performed with clinical suspicion of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) between 2018 and 2022. Pathological diagnosis within 1 year after the MRI was used to diagnose csPCa.

Plasma Lipid Metabolites, Clinical Glycemic Predictors, and Incident Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Plasma metabolite profiling has uncovered several nonglycemic markers of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated whether such biomarkers provide information about specific aspects of T2D etiology, such as impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, and whether their association with T2D risk varies by race.

Research Design And Methods: Untargeted plasma metabolite profiling was performed of participants in the FINRISK 2002 cohort (n = 7,564).

Predicting and Ranking Diabetic Ketoacidosis Risk among Youth with Type 1 Diabetes with a Clinic-to-Clinic Transferrable Machine Learning Model.

To use electronic health record (EHR) data to develop a scalable and transferrable model to predict 6-month risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)-related hospitalization or emergency care in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To achieve a sharable predictive model, we engineered features using EHR data mapped to the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative's (T1DX-QI) data schema used by 60+ U.S.

Psychedelic Treatments in Adolescent Psychopharmacology: Considering Safety, Ethics, and Scientific Rigor.

Interest in psychedelic therapies for adults is rapidly growing, with substances like 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine for posttraumatic stress disorder, psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression, and lysergic acid diethylamide for generalized anxiety disorder showing promise. However, research on these therapies in children and adolescents is limited, with no recent trials. Despite this lack of scientific exploration, adolescents may still experiment with these substances for both recreational and therapeutic purposes as accessibility continues to increase.

Links among maternal antenatal attachment, postnatal depressive symptoms and infant crying: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study investigated whether maternal antenatal attachment (MAA) in the third trimester was associated with self-reported problematic infant crying at eight weeks postnatally and explored links with postnatal depressive symptoms.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with 1287 pregnant participants in Danish general practice. MAA was measured using the Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) in the third trimester.

Modeling the lymph node stromal cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma: insights into the stromal cues in nodal metastasis.

The study explores the development and characterization of lymph node stromal cell cultures (LNSCs) from patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), highlighting the importance of understanding tumor-node cross-talk for effective prognostic and therapeutic interventions. Herein, we describe the development and characterization of primary lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs, N = 14) from nodes of metastatic and non-metastatic OSCC patients. Primary cultures were established by the explant method from positive (N + ; N = 2), and negative nodes (N0; N = 4) of the metastatic patients (N = 3) as well as negative (N0; N = 8) nodes from non-metastatic (N = 4) patients.

Spatial distribution of heavy metal assessment in beach sediment due to bauxite mining in Kuantan, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia.

The effect of open-pit bauxite mining on beach sediment contamination in the urban coastal environment of Kuantan City, Malaysia, was investigated. The contents of 11 heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Al, Mn, Cu, Zn, Fe, As, Ni, Cr, and Ag) in 30 samples from Kuantan beach sediment zones (supratidal, intertidal, and subtidal) were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry followed by contamination indexes, Pearson's correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that Cd, As, Ni, and Ag values in beach sediment zones were significantly higher compared to background values.

Impact of the Good Samaritan Law on bystander intervention willingness and perceived legal risks in India.

Background: Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are a global health burden, particularly in India, where response times for first responders can be prolonged. Prior to enactment of a Good Samaritan Law (GSL) in 2016, involved bystanders could face criminal and financial liability for assisting at an RTC site. This study evaluates the impact of GSL on bystander RTC attitudes, awareness, and experiences in India, comparing outcomes pre- and post-GSL implementation across metropolitan cities (MCs) and nonmetropolitan cities (NMCs).

Conductive MOF-Derived Coating for Suppressing the Mn Dissolution in LiMnO toward Long-Life Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Spinel lithium manganese oxide (LiMnO, LMO) is a promising cathode material with nontoxicity, high operating voltage, and low cost. However, structural collapse during battery cycling ─ caused by Mn dissolution and the Jahn-Teller effect ─ is a critical disadvantage, reducing cycle retention, particularly at high temperatures. In this study, to solve these critical issues, we introduce Cu(HITP) (CuHITP; HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene), a conductive two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) as a surface coating material.

The Effects of alfapump on Ascites Control and Quality of Life in Patients with Cirrhosis and Recurrent or Refractory Ascites.

Aim: To assess the safety and efficacy of alfapump on ascites control and quality of life in these patients.

Methods: Patients with cirrhosis and RA requiring ≥2 TPs 30 days prior were enrolled and followed for 24 months (M) post-implant. Primary efficacy endpoint assessed at 6M was reduction in paracentesis requirement; safety end point was device related adverse events resulting in intervention, explant, or death.

Magnetic phase transition and magnetocaloric effect in hexagonal MnCoGe alloys mediated by axial strain: a Monte Carlo study.

We report numerical studies of the magnetic phase transition and magnetocaloric effect in hexagonal MnCoGe alloys, controlled by axial strain applied along the -axis direction around room temperature. These studies are based on a combination of first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. Under compressive strains, the ferromagnetic state is stable, whereas under tensile strains, the ground state transforms into an antiferromagnetic state.

Lumbar disc space height in relation to neural foraminal dimensions and patient characteristics: A morphometric analysis from L1-S1 using computed tomography.

Introduction: The normative relationship between lumbar intervertebral disc space height (DSH) and neuroforaminal dimensions (NFD) has yet to be defined.

Research Question: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between lumbar DSH and NFD using computed tomography (CT), accounting for influences of patient demographic and anthropometric characteristics.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed CT imaging of 350 female and 350 male patients.