Salicylic Acid Improved the Growth of and Increased the Proportion of -β-Carotene Isomers.

is an important source of natural β-carotene (containing and isomers) for industrial production. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) has been proven to have impacts on the stress resistance of higher plants, but research on microalgae is currently unclear. In this study, the effects of SA on the growth, biochemical composition, antioxidant enzyme activity, key enzymes of β-carotene synthesis, and cis-and trans-isomers of β-carotene in under different salt concentrations were investigated.

Sensitivity to the Demethylation Inhibitor Difenoconazole Among Baseline Populations of Various spp. Causing Blue Mold of Apples and Pears.

Difenoconazole (DIF), a demethylation inhibitor fungicide, was registered in 2016 for the control of postharvest diseases of pome fruits. In this study, 162 isolates from ( = 31) and 13 other "non-" spp., i.

Intraoperative Augmented Reality for Vitreoretinal Surgery Using Edge Computing.

: Augmented reality (AR) may allow vitreoretinal surgeons to leverage microscope-integrated digital imaging systems to analyze and highlight key retinal anatomic features in real time, possibly improving safety and precision during surgery. By employing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for retina vessel segmentation, a retinal coordinate system can be created that allows pre-operative images of capillary non-perfusion or retinal breaks to be digitally aligned and overlayed upon the surgical field in real time. Such technology may be useful in assuring thorough laser treatment of capillary non-perfusion or in using pre-operative optical coherence tomography (OCT) to guide macular surgery when microscope-integrated OCT (MIOCT) is not available.

Next-Generation Potentiometric Sensors: A Review of Flexible and Wearable Technologies.

In recent years, the field of wearable sensors has undergone significant evolution, emerging as a pivotal topic of research due to the capacity of such sensors to gather physiological data during various human activities. Transitioning from basic fitness trackers, these sensors are continuously being improved, with the ultimate objective to make compact, sophisticated, highly integrated, and adaptable multi-functional devices that seamlessly connect to clothing or the body, and continuously monitor bodily signals without impeding the wearer's comfort or well-being. Potentiometric sensors, leveraging a range of different solid contact materials, have emerged as a preferred choice for wearable chemical or biological sensors.

BSA-Assisted Synthesis of Au Nanoclusters/MnO Nanosheets for Fluorescence "Switch-On" Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase.

A fluorescence probe for "switch-on" detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was developed based on Au nanoclusters anchored MnO nanosheets (Au NCs-MnO NSs), which were synthesized using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as template through a simple one-pot approach. In the sensing system, MnO NSs function as both energy acceptors and target identifiers, effectively quenches the fluorescence of Au NCs via fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). The presence of ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AAP) to ascorbic acid (AA), reducing MnO NSs to Mn and facilitate the fluorescence recovery of Au NCs.

Influence of Synthesis Conditions on the Capacitance Performance of Hydrothermally Prepared MnO for Carbon Xerogel-Based Solid-State Supercapacitors.

In this study, the potential to modify the phase structure and morphology of manganese dioxide synthesized via the hydrothermal route was explored. A series of samples were prepared at different synthesis temperatures (100, 120, 140, and 160 °C) using KMnO and MnSO·HO as precursors. The phase composition and morphology of the materials were analyzed using various physicochemical methods.

Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Generate a Pro-Healing Inflammasome When Cultured on Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium Surfaces with Microscale/Nanoscale Structural Features.

The surface topography and chemistry of titanium-aluminum-vanadium (Ti6Al4V) implants play critical roles in the osteoblast differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and the creation of an osteogenic microenvironment. To assess the effects of a microscale/nanoscale (MN) topography, this study compared the effects of MN-modified, anodized, and smooth Ti6Al4V surfaces on MSC response, and for the first time, directly contrasted MN-induced osteoblast differentiation with culture on tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) in osteogenic medium (OM). Surface characterization revealed distinct differences in microroughness, composition, and topography among the Ti6Al4V substrates.

The Neural Development of Chinese Lexical Tone Perception: A Mismatch Negativity Study Across Childhood, Adolescence, and Adulthood.

Background/objectives: In a tonal language like Chinese, phonologically contrasting tones signify word meanings at the syllable level. Although the development of lexical tone perception ability has been examined in many behavioral studies, its developmental trajectory from childhood to adulthood at the neural level remains unclear. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the issue by measuring the mismatch negativity (MMN) response to a Chinese lexical tonal contrast in three groups.

Enhanced Interleukin 6 Trans-Signaling Modulates Disease Process in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Mouse Models.

Charcot first described ALS in 1869, but the specific mechanisms that mediate the disease pathology are still not clear. Intense research efforts have provided insight into unique neuroanatomical regions, specific neuronal populations and genetic associations for ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases; however, the experimental results also suggest a convergence of these events to common toxic pathways. We propose that common toxic pathways can be therapeutically targeted, and this intervention will be effective in slowing progression and improving patient quality of life.

Preservation of Bilateral Corticospinal Projections from Injured Hemisphere After Perinatal Stroke.

Background: Perinatal brain injury is a leading cause of developmental disabilities, including cerebral palsy. However, further work is needed to understand early brain development in the presence of brain injury. In this case report, we examine the longitudinal neuromotor development of a term infant following a significant loss of right-hemispheric brain tissue due to a unilateral ischemic stroke.

Risk of Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage After Mechanical Thrombectomy in Randomized Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is the most dreaded complication after reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to estimate and compare risks of sICH after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) depending on the location of the large vessel occlusion, concomitant use of intravenous thrombolysis, timing of treatment, and core size.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials were included, following a comprehensive search of different databases from inception to 1 March 2024.

Use of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Instrument Recognition.

Accurate identification of surgical instruments is crucial for efficient workflows and patient safety within the operating room, particularly in preventing complications such as retained surgical instruments. Artificial Intelligence (AI) models have shown the potential to automate this process. This study evaluates the accuracy of publicly available Large Language Models (LLMs)-ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-4o, and Gemini-and a specialized commercial mobile application, Surgical-Instrument Directory (SID 2.

Using Large Language Models to Retrieve Critical Data from Clinical Processes and Business Rules.

Current clinical care relies heavily on complex, rule-based systems for tasks like diagnosis and treatment. However, these systems can be cumbersome and require constant updates. This study explores the potential of the large language model (LLM), LLaMA 2, to address these limitations.

Design, development and performance of a Fe-Mn-Si-Cu alloy for bioabsorbable medical implants.

Bioabsorbable metallic alloys constitute a very challenging and innovative field, mainly aimed to develop the next generation of temporary medical implants. Degradation data, biological and tests are of major importance in particular for complex alloys, in which the individual element additions could enhance material performance and add functionalities. In this study, a novel Fe-Mn-Si-Cu alloy was carefully designed for vascular and blood-contact applications, and its microstructure, mechanical behavior, degradation behavior and biological performances were investigated accordingly.

Characteristics of In Vivo Lesion Formation With a Temperature-Controlled Diamond-Tip Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter in the Ventricle: A Preclinical Model.

Background: Power-controlled radiofrequency ablation with irrigated-tip catheters has been the norm for ventricular ablation for almost 2 decades. New catheter technology has recently integrated more accurate tissue temperature sensing enabling temperature-controlled irrigated ablation. We aimed to investigate the in vivo ablation parameters and lesion formation characteristics in ventricular myocardium using a novel temperature-controlled radiofrequency catheter.

-β, β-β' trifused porphyrins: synthesis, spectral, electrochemical and DFT studies and their femtosecond third-order nonlinear optical properties.

-β, β-β' trifused porphyrins incorporating two distinct active methylene groups (MN = malononitrile and IND = 1,3-indanedione) and their corresponding metal complexes with Cu(II) and Zn(II) have been synthesized with good to excellent yields and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and spectrometric methods. Single crystal X-ray analysis of the Zn(II) complex ZnTFPMB(MN) (where TFP = trifused porphyrin and MB = mono benzo) revealed a nonplanar 'armchair' type conformation with a twist angle of 24.10°.

Long term outcomes associated with the use of perioperative systemic chemotherapy on low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms with pseudomyxoma peritonei treated with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Introduction: Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) are indolent tumors that lack invasive potential but may present as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) significantly improves both overall and recurrence free survival. While systemic chemotherapy is generally considered ineffective for LAMN, little literature is available to support this notion.

Enhancing engagement in parenting programs: A comparative study of in-person, online, and telehealth formats.

Introduction: Parenting programs are widely used to prevent and ameliorate children's emotional and behavioral problems but low levels of engagement undermine intervention effectiveness and reach within and beyond research settings. Technology can provide flexible and cost-effective alternate service-delivery formats for parenting programs, and studies are needed to assess the extent to which parents are willing to engage with digitally assisted formats.

Methods: After Deployment, Adaptive Parenting Tools (ADAPT) is an evidence-based parenting program for military families.

Glycogen homeostasis and mitochondrial DNA expression require motor neuron to muscle TGF-β/Activin signaling in Drosophila.

Maintaining metabolic homeostasis requires coordinated nutrient utilization between intracellular organelles and across multiple organ systems. Many organs rely heavily on mitochondria to generate (ATP) from glucose, or stored glycogen. Proteins required for ATP generation are encoded in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

Utility of Noninvasive Testing Before Invasive Coronary Angiography in the Assessment for Revascularization.

Objective: To examine the role of noninvasive testing (NIT) before invasive coronary angiography (ICA) by evaluating the association between a positive myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) or computed tomography angiography (CTA) result and the decision to perform coronary revascularization.

Patients And Methods: We screened all patients who received ICA between August 1, 2015, and July 31, 2019, and identified those who received MPI or CTA within the preceding 12 months. We considered MPI to be a positive result if it found moderate or severe ischemia in a specific coronary territory and CTA to be a positive result if it identified a stenosis greater than 50% in any major coronary artery.

Sulforaphane alleviates membranous nephropathy by inhibiting oxidative stress-associated podocyte pyroptosis.

Objectives: To investigate the natural product sulforaphane (SFN) in protection of membranous nephropathy (MN) by inhibiting oxidative stress-associated podocyte pyroptosis.

Materials And Methods: A passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) model was established and treated with SFN. Clinical manifestations were examined by testing 24-hr urine protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density and low-density lipoprotein levels.

Mass production of ultrasmall MnO nanoparticles for glutathione responsive off-on / switching magnetic resonance imaging and tumor theranostics.

Individual theranostics with an integrated multifunction holds considerable promise for clinical application compared with multicomponent regimes. MnO nanoparticles with an ultrasmall size (4 nm) and mass production capability were developed with dual function of integrated tumor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and therapy. The high valence state of MnO nanocrystals enables a sensitive reaction with the glutathione (GSH) molecule and favorable decomposition ability, which further induces a unique, favorable, variable turn-off and turn-on MRI property.

Manganese biofortification in grapevine by foliar spraying improves volatile profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wine sensory traits.

Manganese (Mn) is involved in plant metabolism as an enzyme cofactor. However, the role of Mn in the formation of volatile compounds in grapes has rarely been studied. To address this gap, this study explored the effect of foliar Mn application on the aroma traits of grapes and wine.