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MIGAL Galilee Research Institute[Affili... Publications | LitMetric

289 results match your criteria: "MIGAL Galilee Research Institute[Affiliation]"

In this brief article, the green toad () and the Levant water frog () were compared to better understand the adaptations needed by amphibians, specifically the green toad, to survive in arid regions and to inhabit a wide range of habitats. The information mainly comes from data gathered in Israel, a nation experiencing a shift from Mediterranean to desert ecosystems where both amphibian species can be found. Using these data, a qualitative model is put forward that showcases the differences between these two amphibians and illustrates how the green toad has adapted to arid environments.

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Intrinsic and environmental drivers of pairwise cohesion in wild Canis social groups.

Ecology

December 2024

Wildlife Research and Monitoring Section, Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.

Animals within social groups respond to costs and benefits of sociality by adjusting the proportion of time they spend in close proximity to other individuals in the group (cohesion). Variation in cohesion between individuals, in turn, shapes important group-level processes such as subgroup formation and fission-fusion dynamics. Although critical to animal sociality, a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing cohesion remains a gap in our knowledge of cooperative behavior in animals.

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Sepiolite-Chitosan-Acetic Acid Biocomposite Attenuates the Development of Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Nutrients

November 2024

Laboratory of Integrative Physiology, The Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, P.O. Box 831, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel.

Background; obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) reduce life expectancy; nonoperative interventions show poor results. Individually, chitosan (1% /), acetic acid (AA 0.3-6.

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(Chaga) is a medicinal mushroom with several pharmacological properties that is used as a tea in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, Chaga water extract was digested in vitro to mimic the natural processing and absorption of its biocomponents when it is consumed as functional beverage, and its anticancer activities were evaluated in breast cancer (BC) cell lines, representing HER2-positive and triple-negative subtypes. After chemical characterization by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HR-QTOF) analysis, the effect of Chaga biocomponents on cell viability and cell cycle progression was assessed by MTT assay, FACS analysis, and Western blot.

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Processes independent of nonphotochemical quenching protect a high-light-tolerant desert alga from oxidative stress.

Plant Physiol

December 2024

Unité Mixte de Recherche 7141, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris 75005, France.

Article Synopsis
  • - Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) is crucial for protecting the photosynthesis process in many plants and algae, helping combat photoinhibition, especially in harsh environments.
  • - Chlorella ohadii, a green micro-alga that thrives in intense desert sunlight, does not rely on NPQ; instead, it reduces light absorption by cutting down its photosystem II antenna.
  • - This micro-alga also accumulates antioxidants to combat reactive oxygen species (ROS) and enhances cyclic electron flow, effectively preventing oxidative damage in high-light conditions.
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The onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2019 sparked a global COVID-19 pandemic. This infection is marked by a significant rise in both viral and host kinase activity. Our primary objective was to identify a pivotal host kinase essential for COVID-19 infection and the associated phenomenon of the cytokine storm, which may lead to long-term COVID-19 complications irrespective of viral genetic variations.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuropsychiatric condition often persisting into adulthood, characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Emerging research suggests a connection between ADHD and gut microbiota, highlighting probiotics as potential therapeutic agents. This study involved a double-blind, randomized controlled trial where college students with ADHD received either a multi-strain probiotic supplement or a placebo daily for three months.

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Bioactive lipids improve serum HDL and PON1 activities in coronary artery disease patients: Ex-vivo study.

Vascul Pharmacol

December 2024

Natural Products and Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Department of Biotechnology, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Israel. Electronic address:

Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of vascular disease worldwide. Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and oxidized lipids on the blood vessel walls. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common display of atherosclerotic CVD.

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The exchange of metabolites (i.e., metabolic interactions) between bacteria in the rhizosphere determines various plant-associated functions.

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Advances in Chiral Pincer Complexes: Insights and Applications in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions.

Int J Mol Sci

September 2024

Natural Compounds and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Migal-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel.

Chiral pincer complexes, characterized by their rigid tridentate coordination framework, have emerged as powerful catalysts in asymmetric synthesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the development of chiral pincer-type ligands and their corresponding transition metal complexes. We highlight the latest progress in their application across a range of catalytic asymmetric reactions, including the (transfer) hydrogenation of polar and non-polar bonds, hydrophosphination, alkynylation, Friedel-Crafts reactions, enantioselective reductive cyclization of alkynyl-tethered cyclohexadienones, enantioselective hydrosilylation, as well as Aza-Morita-Baylis-Hillman reactions.

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Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) stands out as the most prevalent acquired canine heart disease. Its occurrence can reach up to 40% in small breed dogs and escalates in geriatric canine populations. MMVD leads to thickening and incomplete coaptation of valve leaflets during systole, resulting in secondary mitral valve regurgitation.

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The microbiome has been linked to numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia. Nevertheless, correlating microbial perturbations to pathophysiological aspects of schizophrenia remains elusive, as study participants are typically medicated when sampled, complicating mechanistic investigation. Here we explored specific microbial and metabolic alterations in schizophrenia patients, while explicitly considering their medications.

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Molecular analysis of feces reveals gastrointestinal nematodes in reintroduced wild asses of the Negev desert.

Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl

December 2024

Hula Research Centre, Department of Animal Sciences, Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, 1220800, Israel.

Reintroduced animals face disease risks, potentially impacting both the reintroduced and the local wildlife/domestic populations. This study focuses on the Asiatic wild asses () reintroduced to the Negev desert in southern Israel. Despite potential threats of disease spill-over to and from domesticated donkeys and horses in the area, there are no records of the gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of the wild ass population.

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In recent years, extensive research has focused on cannabidiol (CBD), a well-studied non-psychoactive component of the plant-derived cannabinoids. CBD has shown significant therapeutic potential for treating various diseases and disorders, including antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects. Due to the promising therapeutic effect of CBD in a wide variety of diseases, synthetic derivatization of this compound has attracted the attention of drug discovery in both industry and academia.

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Understanding when host-microbiome interactions are first established is crucial for comprehending normal development and identifying disease prevention strategies. Furthermore, bacterially derived metabolites play critical roles in shaping the intestinal immune system. Recent studies have demonstrated that memory T cells infiltrate human intestinal tissue early in the second trimester, suggesting that intestinal immune education begins in utero.

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Rock glaciers (RGs) provide significant water resources in mountain areas under climate change. Recent research has highlighted high concentrations of solutes including trace elements in RG-fed waters, with negative implications on water quality. Yet, sparse studies from a few locations hinder conclusions about the main drivers of solute export from RGs.

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Background: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with complex genetic and environmental underpinnings. Emerging evidence suggests a significant role of gut microbiota in ADHD pathophysiology. This study investigates variations in gut microbiota composition and Short-Chain Fatty Acid (SCFA) profiles between children and adolescents with ADHD and healthy controls.

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is a maize pathogen that causes severe damage to commercial corn fields in the late growth stages. Late wilt disease (LWD) has spread since its discovery in the 1960s in Egypt and is now reported in about 10 countries. The pathogen has a hidden endophytic lifecycle in resistant corn plants and secondary hosts such as green foxtail, watermelon lupin and cotton.

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Detecting life has driven research and exploration for centuries, but recent attempts to compile and generate a framework that summarizes life features, aimed to develop strategies for life detection missions beyond planet Earth, have disregarded a key life feature: behavior. Yet, some behaviors such as biomineralization or motility have occasionally been proposed as biosignatures to detect life. Here, we capitalize on a specific taxis' motility behavior, magnetotaxis, to experimentally provide insights in support of behavior as an unambiguous, sensitive biosignature, and magnetic forces as a prescreening option.

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A gut reaction? The role of the microbiome in aggression.

Brain Behav Immun

November 2024

Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Recent research has unveiled conflicting evidence regarding the link between aggression and the gut microbiome. Here, we compared behavior profiles of control, germ-free (GF), and antibiotic-treated mice, as well as re-colonized GF mice to understand the impact of the gut microbiome on aggression using the resident-intruder paradigm. Our findings revealed a link between gut microbiome depletion and higher aggression, accompanied by notable changes in urine metabolite profiles and brain gene expression.

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From an agricultural perspective, carrots are a significant tap root vegetable crop in the family because of their nutritional value, health advantages, and economic importance. The edible part of a carrot, known as the storage root, contains various beneficial compounds, such as carotenoids, anthocyanins, dietary fiber, vitamins, and other nutrients. It has a crucial role in human nutrition as a significant vegetable and raw material in the nutraceutical, food, and pharmaceutical industries.

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Protein Data Bank (PDB) files list the relative spatial location of atoms in a protein structure as the final output of the process of fitting and refining to experimentally determined electron density measurements. Where experimental evidence exists for multiple conformations, atoms are modelled in alternate locations. Programs reading PDB files commonly ignore these alternate conformations by default leaving users oblivious to the presence of alternate conformations in the structures they analyze.

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This research assesses the efficacy of two phosphorus (P) adsorbents as alternative fertilizers in promoting lettuce growth. A synthetic Mg/Al-layered double hydroxide (LDH) and an iron-based recycled water treatment residual (Fe-WTR), both enriched with P from dairy wastewater and added at three dosage levels. We hypothesized that the adsorbents' physicochemical nature will overshadow the biological efforts in the plant ecosystem to increase P solubility, impacting plant growth, nutritional composition, and metabolite profiles.

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Overcoming Chemoresistance in Cancer: The Promise of Crizotinib.

Cancers (Basel)

July 2024

Department of Nutrition and Natural Products, Migal-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona 11016, Israel.

Chemoresistance is a major obstacle in cancer treatment, often leading to disease progression and poor outcomes. It arises through various mechanisms such as genetic mutations, drug efflux pumps, enhanced DNA repair, and changes in the tumor microenvironment. These processes allow cancer cells to survive despite chemotherapy, underscoring the need for new strategies to overcome resistance and improve treatment efficacy.

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Enzyme-mediated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) depolymerization has recently emerged as a sustainable solution for PET recycling. Towards an industrial-scale implementation of this technology, various strategies are being explored to enhance PET depolymerization (PETase) activity and improve enzyme stability, expression, and purification processes. Recently, rational engineering of a known PET hydrolase (LCC-leaf compost cutinase) has resulted in the isolation of a variant harboring four-point mutations (LCC-ICCG), presenting increased PETase activity and thermal stability.

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