Authors' Reply: Commentary on "Protecting User Privacy and Rights in Academic Data-Sharing Partnerships: Principles From a Pilot Program at Crisis Text Line".

We appreciate Reierson's thoughtful commentary on our 2019 paper, which described our experiences, ethical process, judgment calls, and lessons from a 2016-2017 data-sharing pilot between Crisis Text Line and academic researchers. The commentary raises important questions about the ethical conduct of health research in the digital age, particularly regarding informed consent, potential conflicts of interest, and the protection of vulnerable populations. Our article focused specifically on the noncommercial use of Crisis Text Line data for research purposes, so we restrict our reply to points relevant to such usage.

Small and Versatile Cyclotides as Anti-infective Agents.

Plants provide an abundant source of potential therapeutic agents, including a diverse array of compounds, such as cyclotides, which are peptides known for their antimicrobial activity. Cyclotides are multifaceted molecules with a wide range of biological activities. Their unique topology forms a head-to-tail cyclic structure reinforced by a cysteine knot, which confers chemical and thermal stability.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed, Advanced Ovarian Cancer: ASCO Guideline Update.

Purpose: To provide updated guidance regarding neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and primary cytoreductive surgery (PCS) among patients with stage III-IV epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (epithelial ovarian cancer [EOC]).

Methods: A multidisciplinary Expert Panel convened and updated the systematic review.

Results: Sixty-one studies form the evidence base.

Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Based on Distance from Haptic to Principal Object Plane.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of the distance from the most-anterior surface of the optic to the principal object plane (POP) and from the foremost haptic to the principal object plane (H-POP) on the intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation.

Setting: A tertiary hospital.

Design: Optical simulation and retrospective cross-sectional study.

WWC proteins-mediated compensatory mechanism restricts schwannomatosis driven by loss of function.

NF2-related schwannomatosis, previously known as neurofibromatosis type 2, is a genetic disorder characterized by nerve tumors due to gene mutations. Mice with deletion develop schwannomas slowly with low penetrance, hence inconvenient for preclinical studies. Here, we show that NF2, by recruiting E3 ubiquitin ligases β-TrCP1/2, promotes WWC1-3 ubiquitination and degradation.

Association of poultry vaccination with interspecies transmission and molecular evolution of H5 subtype avian influenza virus.

The effectiveness of poultry vaccination in preventing the transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been debated, and its impact on wild birds remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the movements of H5 subtype AIV lineages among vaccinated poultry, unvaccinated poultry, and wild birds, worldwide, from 1996 to 2023. We find that there is a time lag in viral transmission among different host populations and that movements from wild birds to unvaccinated poultry were more frequent than those from wild birds to vaccinated poultry.

Stress responsiveness in a wild primate predicts survival across an extreme El Niño drought.

We know more about the costs of chronic stress than the benefits of the acute stress response-an adaptive response that buffers organisms from life-threatening challenges. As yet, no primate study has empirically identified how the stress response adaptively affects evolutionary fitness. Here, we take advantage of a natural experiment-an El Niño drought-that produced unprecedented mortality for wild white-faced capuchins.

The R203M and D377Y mutations of the nucleocapsid protein promote SARS-CoV-2 infectivity by impairing RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling.

The viral protein mutations can modify virus-host interactions during virus evolution, and thus alter the extent of infection or pathogenicity. Studies indicate that nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 participates in viral genome assembly, intracellular signal regulation and immune interference. However, its biological function in viral evolution is not well understood.

A pan-orthohantavirus human lung xenograft mouse model and its utility for preclinical studies.

Orthohantaviruses are emerging zoonotic viruses that can infect humans via the respiratory tract. There is an unmet need for an in vivo model to study infection of different orthohantaviruses in physiologically relevant tissue and to assess the efficacy of novel pan-orthohantavirus countermeasures. Here, we describe the use of a human lung xenograft mouse model to study the permissiveness for different orthohantavirus species and to assess its utility for preclinical testing of therapeutics.

Effect of ozone oil and non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. In-vivo and in-vitro studies with fibroblasts and Candida albicans.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of ozonated sunflower oil (Oz) as an adjunctive of non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), on fibroblast cell viability and migration and the effectiveness of Oz on a Candida albicans (C. albicans) culture.

Methodology: In total, 32 sites in 16 DM2 with moderate to advanced periodontal disease with periodontal pocket depths ≥5mm were selected.

Spatiotemporal profile of an optimal host response to virus infection in the primate central nervous system.

Viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) are a major cause of morbidity largely due to lack of prevention and inadequate treatments. While mortality from viral CNS infections is significant, nearly two thirds of the patients survive. Thus, it is important to understand how the human CNS can successfully control virus infection and recover.

Impact of high body mass index on hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic liver disease: A population-based prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: We investigated associations between body mass index (BMI) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with hepatitis B (HBV) C (HCV) virus infection, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and liver cirrhosis (LC).

Methods: We followed 350,608 Korean patients with liver disease who underwent routine health examinations from 2003-2006 until December 2018 via national hospital discharge records. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) per 5-kg/m2 BMI increase (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) for HCC risk were calculated using Cox models.

High diversity of fungal ecological groups from ice-free pristine and disturbed areas in the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica.

Ice-free areas are habitats for most of Antarctica's terrestrial biodiversity. Although fungal communities are an important element of these habitats, knowledge of their assemblages and ecological functions is still limited. Herein, we investigated the diversity, composition, and ecological functionality of fungal communities inhabiting sediments from ice-free areas across pristine and anthropogenically impacted sites in the Fildes Peninsula on King George Island, Antarctica.

A CRISPR-Cas12a-based universal rapid scrub typhus diagnostic method targeting 16S rRNA of Orientia tsutsugamushi.

Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi infection and occurs frequently in an area called the Tsutsugamushi Triangle. Currently, there is no vaccine for O. tsutsugamushi, and its infection is treated with antibiotics such as doxycycline.

Proper 5'-3' cotranslational mRNA decay in yeast requires import of Xrn1 to the nucleus.

The budding yeast Xrn1 protein shuttles between the nucleus, where it stimulates transcription, and the cytoplasm, where it executes the major cytoplasmic mRNA decay. In the cytoplasm, apart from catalyzing 5'→3' decay onto non translated mRNAs, Xrn1 can follow the last translating ribosome to degrade the decapped mRNA template, a process known as "cotranslational mRNA decay". We have previously observed that the import of Xrn1 to the nucleus is required for efficient cytoplasmic mRNA decay.

Respiratory virus detections in children presenting to an Australian paediatric referral hospital pre-COVID-19 pandemic, January 2014 to December 2019.

Acute respiratory infections cause significant paediatric morbidity, but for pathogens other than influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2, systematic monitoring is not commonly performed. This retrospective analysis of six years of routinely collected respiratory pathogen multiplex PCR testing at a major paediatric hospital in New South Wales Australia, describes the epidemiology, year-round seasonality, and co-detection patterns of 15 viral respiratory pathogens. 32,599 respiratory samples from children aged under 16 years were analysed.

Administration of antigenically distinct influenza viral particle combinations as an influenza vaccine strategy.

One approach for developing a more universal influenza vaccine is to elicit strong immune responses against canonically immunosubdominant epitopes in the surface exposed viral glycoproteins. While standard vaccines typically induce responses directed primarily against mutable epitopes in the hemagglutinin (HA) head domain, there are generally limited or variable responses directed against epitopes in the relatively more conserved HA stalk domain and neuraminidase (NA) proteins. Here we describe a vaccine approach that utilizes a combination of wildtype (WT) influenza virus particles along with virus particles engineered to display a trimerized HA stalk in place of the full-length HA protein to elicit both responses simultaneously.

Self-acupressure for patients with breast cancer experiencing aromatase inhibitor-associated musculoskeletal symptoms: Protocol for the AcuAIM randomized pilot trial.

Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AI) reduce hormone receptor-positive breast cancer recurrence risk by about 50%. However, half of AI-treated postmenopausal women report new or worsened musculoskeletal symptoms (AIMSS), and 20% discontinue therapy prematurely. Acupuncture is effective for reducing symptoms, but many women are not able to access acupuncture therapy.

Constructs across a hierarchical, dimensional model of psychopathology show differential associations with social and general cognitive ability.

Many psychiatric disorders and associated psychopathology dimensions are related to social cognitive deficits and reduced general cognitive ability. The current study applied a hierarchical, dimensional approach to better understand associations among psychopathology, social cognition, and general cognitive ability. Data were collected from two samples (n = 653), including psychosis-spectrum patients, their first-degree relatives, and individuals from community sources.

Citrus diseases detection using innovative deep learning approach and Hybrid Meta-Heuristic.

Citrus farming is one of the major agricultural sectors of Pakistan and currently represents almost 30% of total fruit production, with its highest concentration in Punjab. Although economically important, citrus crops like sweet orange, grapefruit, lemon, and mandarins face various diseases like canker, scab, and black spot, which lower fruit quality and yield. Traditional manual disease diagnosis is not only slow, less accurate, and expensive but also relies heavily on expert intervention.

Vanadate reduction by gram-positive fermentative bacteria isolated from deep-sea sediments on the northern Central Indian Ridge.

The oxidation states of vanadium determine its mobility and toxicity, and dissimilatory vanadate reduction has been reported in several microorganisms, highlighting the potential significance of this pathway in the remediation of vanadium contamination and the biogeochemical cycle. However, to date, most known microorganisms capable of reducing vanadate are Gram-negative respiratory bacteria belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria. In this study, we isolated Tepidibacter mesophilus strain VROV1 from deep-sea sediments on the northern Central Indian Ridge and investigated its ability to reduce vanadium and the impact of vanadate on its cellular metabolism.

Cotton RLP6 Interacts With NDR1/HIN6 to Enhance Verticillium Wilt Resistance via Altering ROS and SA.

Cotton Verticillium wilt (VW) is often a destructive disease that results in significant fibre yield and quality losses in Gossypium hirsutum. Transferring the resistance trait of Gossypium barbadense to G. hirsutum is optional but challenging in traditional breeding due to limited molecular dissections of resistance genes.

Early precursor-derived pituitary gland tissue-resident macrophages play a pivotal role in modulating hormonal balance.

The pituitary gland is the central endocrine regulatory organ producing and releasing hormones that coordinate major body functions. The physical location of the pituitary gland at the base of the brain, though outside the protective blood-brain barrier, leads to an unexplored special immune environment. Using single-cell transcriptomics, fate mapping, and imaging, we characterize pituitary-resident macrophages (pitMØs), revealing their heterogeneity and spatial specialization.

GRASP55 Regulates Sorting and Maturation of the Lysosomal Enzyme β-Hexosaminidase A.

The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the delivery of lysosomal enzymes. Golgi Reassembly Stacking Proteins, GRASP55 and GRASP65, are vital for maintaining Golgi structure and function. GRASP55 depletion results in the missorting and secretion of the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin D (Xiang , 2013), though the mechanisms remain unclear.