Exclusion of older persons from randomized controlled trials in type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age. Both the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) promote the enrollment of older patients to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in diabetes. The objective of this study was to assess the eligibility criteria limiting the inclusion of older adults to RCTs in type 2 diabetes.

Case Report: A case study of positive doping control by animal-to-human drug transfer after an athlete administered medicine in spray format, containing clostebol acetate, to a pet dog.

The presence of a doping substance in an athlete's biological sample may not be only related to intentional pharmacological support. The unintended use of a prohibited substance may be due various reasons. This paper describes the case of a Polish canoeist preparing for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris who presented a positive doping test result, as a consequence of administering medication to her injured dog.

The N-Acetyltransferase 2 Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study.

The enzyme N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) plays an important role in metabolism and detoxification of xenobiotics, including carcinogens and medications. We aimed to assess the contribution of the NAT2 polymorphism to susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the Polish population. The study involved 101 IBD patients and 100 healthy controls.

Respiratory Viruses in Patients With Hematological Malignancy in Boreal Autumn/Winter 2023-2024: EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA Report.

Community-acquired respiratory viral infections (CARV) significantly impact patients with hematological malignancies (HM), leading to high morbidity and mortality. However, large-scale, real-world data on CARV in these patients is limited. This study analyzed data from the EPICOVIDEHA-EPIFLUEHA registry, focusing on patients with HM diagnosed with CARV during the 2023-2024 autumn-winter season.

Rebound effect, discontinuation, and withdrawal syndromes associated with drugs used in psychiatric and neurological disorders.

Sudden cessation of the drug can cause withdrawal syndrome, discontinuation syndrome, or rebound effect. The common feature of these phenomena is a quick onset, usually limited duration depending on the drug's half-life and remission after restarting the therapy. They are characterized by varying clusters of somatic, autonomic, and psychiatric symptoms.

Potassium/sodium cation carriers robustly up-regulate CD20 antigen by targeting MYC, and synergize with anti-CD20 immunotherapies to eliminate malignant B cells.

Our investigation uncovers that nanomolar concentrations of salinomycin, monensin, nigericin, and narasin (a group of potassium/sodium cation carriers) robustly enhance surface expression of CD20 antigen in B-cell-derived tumor cells, including primary malignant cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Experiments in vitro, ex vivo, and animal model reveal a novel approach of combining salinomycin or monensin with therapeutic anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies or anti-CD20 CAR-T cells, significantly improving non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) therapy. The results of RNA-seq, genetic editing, and chemical inhibition delineate the molecular mechanism of CD20 upregulation, at least partially, to the downregulation of MYC, the transcriptional repressor of the MS4A1 gene encoding CD20.

Erratum: Innovative Combination of Tetracycline Rinse and CO₂ Laser Ablation for Treating White Sponge Nevus in Adolescents: A Case Study.

The Figures were published in the incorrect order with incorrect captions. Below are the corrected versions. Reference: Karolina Spodzieja, Piotr Sobiech, Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk.

Evaluation of the Inferior Alveolar Canal Course in Relation to Fully and Partially Impacted Lower Third Molar Roots via Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

Introduction: Impacted mandibular third molars are frequently encountered in dentistry. As extraction is often the treatment of choice, knowledge of the proximity and relationship of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) with the tooth is essential. This study was designed to determine the course of the IAC in cases of impacted lower third molars.

Migraine and cognitive dysfunction: a narrative review.

The association between migraine and cognitive function has been studied during the last decade, however, this relationship is not well established. As migraine prevalence is highest between the ages of 30-40, aligning with some of our most productive years, we must understand cognitive changes within this disorder. Cognitive impairment potentially limits social and professional interactions, thus negatively impacting quality of life.

Echinococcosis of the liver in Poland - review of the literature and our own clinical material.

Echinococcosis is considered one of the world's most dangerous zoonoses, and the tapeworm that causes it is one of the two most dangerous parasites to humans globally. Untreated cases may be associated with as high as 90% mortality. The incidence of this pathology is increasing.

Efficiency and safety of cannabinoid medical use: an analysis of discussions and observed trends on Instagram.

Background: Cannabis and its derivatives show encouraging therapeutic effects in the treatment of various diseases. However, further studies are needed to better assess their efficacy and safety. A promising base for research in the field of medicine and additional pharmacovigilance is social networks, in which experience and knowledge are exchanged between researchers, doctors, and patients, as well as information about the potential risks and benefits of using drugs for medical purposes is disseminated.

Is there still a place for etomidate in the management of Cushing's syndrome? The experience of a single center of low-dose etomidate and combined etomidate-osilodrostat treatment in severe hypercortisolemia.

Purpose: Severe Cushing's syndrome (SCS) is a life-threatening endocrine condition that requires prompt medical intervention. Intravenous etomidate infusion is considered to be the most effective in rapid cortisol overproduction inhibition. This single-center retrospective study aimed to present the safety and effectiveness of intravenous, low-dose, lipid-formulated etomidate infusion in patients with SCS.

The effect of 3-di-o-tolylguanidine on the level of neurotransmitters in the cerebellum and related disorders of social behavior.

It is common knowledge that the cerebellum is a structure of the central nervous system that influences the processes of balance and motor coordination. Recently its influence on social interactions has also been emphasized. The sigma receptor agonist: 3-di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG) is characterized by high affinity for sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors, widely distributed in the cerebellum.

Predictive equations in determining resting energy expenditure in patients with head and neck cancer receiving home enteral nutrition.

Objective: It is important to cover energy targets among patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) to minimize weight and skeletal muscles loss. This study aimed to assess the agreement between indirect calorimetry (IC) and predictive equations for determining resting energy expenditures (REE) in HNC patients receiving home enteral nutrition (HEN).

Research Methods And Procedures: Patients included in the study had to be diagnosed with HNC, be adults, have artificial access to the digestive tract, and participate in HEN.

Update on diagnosis and treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) - recommendations of Section of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology of Polish Neurological Society.

Introduction: An expert panel of the Section of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology of the Polish Neurological Society has developed principles for the management of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). These principles are based on expert opinion and data from the literature published up to May 2023. Recommendations were developed based on the results of the most recent clinical trials, guidelines of foreign and international scientific societies, and the authors' clinical experience.

Factors influencing the return to the professional activity in patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction: a single centre experience - pilot study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases, with myocardial infarction (MI) on the leading position, remain a serious health care issue and socio-economic burden. Nevertheless, factors influencing the return of patients to the professional activity are not fully understood. Cardiac rehabilitation may have a positive impact on the return to professional activity after MI.

Association between body mass index and clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction and reduced systolic function: Analysis of PARADISE-MI trial data.

Aims: The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease, including acute heart failure (AHF) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remains debated. This study investigates the association between BMI and clinical outcomes within the PARADISE-MI cohort, while also evaluating the impact of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) treatment on this relationship.

Methods And Results: The analysis included 5589 patients from the PARADISE-MI study with available baseline BMI data.

Cardiovascular disease in waitlisted hemodialyzed patients.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major limitations in the evaluation of potential kidney transplantation. The study aimed to assess cardiovascular status, including cardiovascular risk factors in waitlisted hemodialyzed patients.

Material And Methods: From the population of 5,068 hemodialyzed patients (60% men), we included 449 waitlisted and 4,619 not considered for potential kidney transplantation.

Machine Learning Classification of Pediatric Health Status Based on Cardiorespiratory Signals with Causal and Information Domain Features Applied-An Exploratory Study.

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of machine learning (ML) techniques in classifying pediatric individuals-cardiological patients, healthy participants, and athletes-based on cardiorespiratory features from short-term static measurements. It also examined the impact of cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC)-related features (from causal and information domains) on the modeling accuracy to identify a preferred cardiorespiratory feature set that could be further explored for specialized tasks, such as monitoring training progress or diagnosing health conditions. We utilized six self-prepared datasets that comprised various subsets of cardiorespiratory parameters and applied several ML algorithms to classify subjects into three distinct groups.

Combined Therapy with Azathioprine, Prednisone, and Enalapril in Children with IgAN and IgAVN.

: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1-year treatment in children with IgAN and IgAVN using azathioprine, prednisone, and enalapril (AZA+PRED+E) combined with a control kidney biopsy. : This study consists of 68 children diagnosed via kidney biopsy with Oxford classification. The study group included 36 children (15 IgAN, 21 IgAVN) treated with AZA+PRED+E (according to the protocol with a control kidney biopsy); and the control group included 32 children (21 IgAN, 11 IgAVN) who were treated with enalapril alone during one year after kidney biopsy.

The Impact of BMI on Ventricular Function Recovery in Children After Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome (PIMS-TS).

The goal of this study was to assess if body mass index (BMI) affects the pace of cardiac muscle recovery in children after Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 (PIMS-TS). A prospective single-center study enrolled consecutive children hospitalized with PIMS-TS between October 2020 and February 2022 and followed up after 6 weeks and 6 months. In all children, three-dimensional echocardiography and global longitudinal strain were used to assess ventricular function and the results were analyzed according to patients' BMI status.

Occurrence and Phenotypic Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant (MRSA) in Emergency Medical Service Ambulances as a Potential Threat to Medical Staff and Patients.

An ambulance used by an emergency medical service team is the workplace of specialised medical personnel, providing daily transportation for patients in life-threatening conditions, from all walks of life, with numerous diseases and injuries. MRSA (methicillin-resistant ) strains are classified as Gram-positive cocci, characterised primarily by their multidrug resistance. Infections caused by have a low treatment success rate and are associated with persistent carrier state.

The Efficacy and Acceptability of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) occurs in approximately 9% of pregnancies, and proper glycemic control is of utmost importance in the prevention of GDM-associated obstetric complications. Flash glucose monitoring (FGM), a subtype of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), offers intermittent blood glucose scanning and is considered a propitious alternative to the standard method of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). The aim of this review was to systematically assess the efficacy and acceptability of FGM in in pregnancies complicated by GDM.