101 results match your criteria: "MD G.A.M.; and the School of Medicine and Telehealth Center[Affiliation]"
Reply to Tran et al.: Dimeric KRAS protein-protein interaction stabilizers.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2020
Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, 1120 Vienna, Austria;
Regulation of PRMT5-MDM4 axis is critical in the response to CDK4/6 inhibitors in melanoma.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2019
Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are an established treatment in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and are currently in clinical development in melanoma, a tumor that exhibits high rates of CDK4 activation. We analyzed melanoma cells with acquired resistance to the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and demonstrate that the activity of PRMT5, a protein arginine methyltransferase and indirect target of CDK4, is essential for CDK4/6 inhibitor sensitivity. By indirectly suppressing PRMT5 activity, palbociclib alters the pre-mRNA splicing of MDM4, a negative regulator of p53, leading to decreased MDM4 protein expression and subsequent p53 activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging Concepts in Precision Medicine and Cardiovascular Diseases in Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations.
Circ Res
June 2019
Office of Public Health Genomics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (M.J.K.).
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and a major contributor to preventable deaths worldwide. The dominant modifiable risk factors and the social and environmental determinants that increase cardiovascular risk are known, and collectively, are as important in racial and ethnic minority populations as they are in majority populations. Their prevention and treatment remain the foundation for cardiovascular health promotion and disease prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepeatability and reproducibility of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the liver.
PLoS One
January 2020
Perspectum Diagnostics Ltd, Oxford, United Kingdom.
As the burden of liver disease reaches epidemic levels, there is a high unmet medical need to develop robust, accurate and reproducible non-invasive methods to quantify liver tissue characteristics for use in clinical development and ultimately in clinical practice. This prospective cross-sectional study systematically examines the repeatability and reproducibility of iron-corrected T1 (cT1), T2*, and hepatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF) quantification with multiparametric MRI across different field strengths, scanner manufacturers and models. 61 adult participants with mixed liver disease aetiology and those without any history of liver disease underwent multiparametric MRI on combinations of 5 scanner models from two manufacturers (Siemens and Philips) at different field strengths (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma Cystatin C Associates With HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder but Is a Poor Diagnostic Marker in Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Individuals.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
June 2019
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Objective: To examine associations between plasma cystatin C and neurocognitive impairment (NCI) and its performance as a diagnostic marker before and during initial antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Methods: Multivariable logistic regression and generalized estimating equations examined associations with NCI, determined by neuropsychological measurements, in participants of a 48-week randomized clinical trial of initial ART. Receiver operator characteristic curves examined diagnostic models of NCI.
Annexin A1 as Neuroprotective Determinant for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.
J Clin Med
January 2019
Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is associated with hypoxia-ischemia (HI) induced brain injury and life-long neurological pathologies. Treatment options are limited. Recently, we found that mesenchymal stem/stromal cell derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) protected the brain in ovine fetuses exposed to HI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLabor Induction versus Expectant Management in Low-Risk Nulliparous Women.
N Engl J Med
August 2018
From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago (W.A.G., G.M.); University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (A.T.N.T.); University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City (R.M.S., K.H.); Stanford University, Stanford, CA (Y.Y.E.-S.); Columbia University, New York (A.P.-D.); Brown University, Providence, RI (D.J.R.); University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (G.R.S.), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston (S.P.C.), and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.M.C.) - all in Texas; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (K.A.B.), and Duke University, Durham (G.K.S.) - both in North Carolina; Ohio State University, Columbus (J.D.I.), and MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland (E.K.C.) - both in Ohio; University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (R.S.G.); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (S.K.S.); University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh (H.N.S.) - both in Pennsylvania; Washington University, St. Louis (G.A.M.); the George Washington University Biostatistics Center, Washington, DC (M.M.R., E.A.T.); and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD (U.M.R.).
Background: The perinatal and maternal consequences of induction of labor at 39 weeks among low-risk nulliparous women are uncertain.
Methods: In this multicenter trial, we randomly assigned low-risk nulliparous women who were at 38 weeks 0 days to 38 weeks 6 days of gestation to labor induction at 39 weeks 0 days to 39 weeks 4 days or to expectant management. The primary outcome was a composite of perinatal death or severe neonatal complications; the principal secondary outcome was cesarean delivery.
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy by microarray analysis of polar bodies in advanced maternal age: a randomized clinical trial.
Hum Reprod
September 2018
Research Group Reproduction and Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, Brussels, Belgium.
Study Question: Does preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) by comprehensive chromosome screening (CCS) of the first and second polar body to select embryos for transfer increase the likelihood of a live birth within 1 year in advanced maternal age women aged 36-40 years planning an ICSI cycle, compared to ICSI without chromosome analysis?
Summary Answer: PGT-A by CCS in the first and second polar body to select euploid embryos for transfer does not substantially increase the live birth rate in women aged 36-40 years.
What Is Known Already: PGT-A has been used widely to select embryos for transfer in ICSI treatment, with the aim of improving treatment effectiveness. Whether PGT-A improves ICSI outcomes and is beneficial to the patients has remained controversial.
Status of nutrients important in brain function in phenylketonuria: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Orphanet J Rare Dis
June 2018
Department of Metabolic Diseases, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
Background: Despite early and ongoing dietary management with a phe-restricted diet, suboptimal neuropsychological function has been observed in PKU. The restrictive nature of the PKU diet may expose patients to sub-optimal nutritional intake and deficiencies which may impact normal brain function. A systematic review of the published literature was carried out, where possible with meta-analysis, to compare the status of nutrients (Nutrients: DHA, EPA phospholipids, selenium, vitamins B, B, E, C, A, D, folic acid, choline, uridine, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, iodine and cholesterol) known to be important for brain development and functioning between individuals with PKU and healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSocioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Challenges and Interventions.
Circulation
May 2018
Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute (H.M.K., J.S., P.S., A.A.Q., L.S.S.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
Socioeconomic status (SES) has a measurable and significant effect on cardiovascular health. Biological, behavioral, and psychosocial risk factors prevalent in disadvantaged individuals accentuate the link between SES and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Four measures have been consistently associated with CVD in high-income countries: income level, educational attainment, employment status, and neighborhood socioeconomic factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDexpramipexole as an oral steroid-sparing agent in hypereosinophilic syndromes.
Blood
August 2018
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
Article Synopsis
- Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) involve a high eosinophil count in the blood and damage to organs, typically treated with glucocorticoids (GC), but high doses can cause side effects.
- A study tested dexpramipexole, a drug shown to reduce eosinophil counts safely in an ALS trial, as a potential GC-sparing treatment for HESs, giving 150 mg twice daily to participants.
- Results showed 40% of subjects had more than a 50% decrease in their necessary GC dose, and tissue biopsies revealed fewer eosinophils, suggesting dexpramipexole could effectively lower GC use without serious side effects, although
Reducing Cardiovascular Disparities Through Community-Engaged Implementation Research: A National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop Report.
Circ Res
January 2018
From the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M., L.N.P., M.C.G.P., B.J.N., R.A.R., M.M.E.); Loyola University Medical School, Department of Public Health Sciences, Chicago, IL (R.S.C.); University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville (A.M.S.-R.); Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.A.C.); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Baltimore, MD (L.A.C.); Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology (Ce-PIM), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (J.D.S., C.H.B.); Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora (J.M.W.); Morehouse School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (E.O.O.); Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (S.A., C.R.N., N.R., M.L.A.-S., J.P.R., C.A.P., D.C.G.); University of Mississippi Medical Center, John D. Bower School of Population Health, Jackson (B.M.B.); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing (J.L.B.); Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, East Lansing (D.F.-H.); National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD (S.Y.G.); School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago (W.H.G., K.S.W.); Office of the Director, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.S.J., E.J.P.-S.); Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (T.T.L.); Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle (A.H.M.); Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, KY (K.D.M.); Department of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, New York University School of Medicine, New York (J.E.R.); Community-Campus Partnerships for Health, Raleigh, NC (A.R.); UK Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Department of Medical Behavioral Science, Lexington (N.E.S.); Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center (M.S.); Office of Health Equity, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, MD (G.K.S.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.E.S.); and Social and Health Research Center, San Antonio, TX (R.P.T.).
Cardiovascular disparities remain pervasive in the United States. Unequal disease burden is evident among population groups based on sex, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, nativity, or geography. Despite the significant declines in cardiovascular disease mortality rates in all demographic groups during the last 50 years, large disparities remain by sex, race, ethnicity, and geography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal, Regional, and National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015.
N Engl J Med
August 2017
From the Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine (D.A.W.), the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Department of Global Health (C.O.J., M.H.F., M.N., A.H.M., C.J.L.M., T.V., G.A.R.), and the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (G.A.R.), University of Washington, Seattle; the Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital and University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa (D.A.W., B.M.M.); the Murdoch Children's Research Institute and the Centre for International Child Heath, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC (S.M.C., A.C.S.), and Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia and Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, WA (J.R.C.) - both in Australia; the Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (G.K.); Children's National Health System, Washington, DC (A.B., C.A.S.); Program in Global NCDs and Social Change, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and the Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital - both in Boston (G.B.); the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland (C.T.L.); the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.); and the School of Medicine and Telehealth Center, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil (B.R.N., A.L.P.R.).
Background: Rheumatic heart disease remains an important preventable cause of cardiovascular death and disability, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. We estimated global, regional, and national trends in the prevalence of and mortality due to rheumatic heart disease as part of the 2015 Global Burden of Disease study.
Methods: We systematically reviewed data on fatal and nonfatal rheumatic heart disease for the period from 1990 through 2015.
Hypertension in Blacks: Unanswered Questions and Future Directions for the JHS (Jackson Heart Study).
Hypertension
May 2017
From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Department of Medicine, Columbia University Herbert and Florence Irving Medical Center, New York, NY (M.A., D.S.); Department of Medicine, Jackson Heart Study (A.C., D.W.J., M.S.), Department of Data Science (M.G.), and Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research (J.E.H.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson; Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (T.M.S.); Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell (K.L.T.); and Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A.).
Attenuated PfSPZ Vaccine induces strain-transcending T cells and durable protection against heterologous controlled human malaria infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
March 2017
Vaccine Research Center (VRC), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
A live-attenuated malaria vaccine, sporozoite vaccine (PfSPZ Vaccine), confers sterile protection against controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) with (Pf) parasites homologous to the vaccine strain up to 14 mo after final vaccination. No injectable malaria vaccine has demonstrated long-term protection against CHMI using Pf parasites heterologous to the vaccine strain. Here, we conducted an open-label trial with PfSPZ Vaccine at a dose of 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal Burden of Stroke.
Circ Res
February 2017
From the Faculty of Health and Environmental Studies, National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, School of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand (V.L.F.); Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund University, Sweden (B.N.); and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.).
On the basis of the GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2013 Study, this article provides an overview of the global, regional, and country-specific burden of stroke by sex and age groups, including trends in stroke burden from 1990 to 2013, and outlines recommended measures to reduce stroke burden. It shows that although stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years rates tend to decline from 1990 to 2013, the overall stroke burden in terms of absolute number of people affected by, or who remained disabled from, stroke has increased across the globe in both men and women of all ages. This provides a strong argument that "business as usual" for primary stroke prevention is not sufficiently effective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecline in Cardiovascular Mortality: Possible Causes and Implications.
Circ Res
January 2017
From the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) (G.A.M., M.M.E.) and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (G.S.W., P.D.S., L.J.F., Y.R., P.G.K., M.E.M., L.L.H., E.A., D.G.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Article Synopsis
- - The decline in mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke over the past 40 years marks a significant public health achievement, following 60 years of increasing rates due to an aging population.
- - A 1978 conference confirmed the unexpected decrease in these mortality rates in the US, which has since become evident across industrialized nations, with rates dropping to about one third of 1960s levels by 2000.
- - Despite notable progress in prevention and treatment—like smoking reductions and improved medical interventions—there are concerns about the slowing rate of this decline and potential reversals in some groups, prompting further investigation from health authorities.
Treatment With Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Improves Growth in Patients With PAPP-A2 Deficiency.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
November 2016
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology (M.T.M.-C., V.B., J.P., J.A.C., G.A.M.-M., J.A.) Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Pediatrics, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28009 Madrid, Spain; Department of Endocrinology (F.H.), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Cincinnati Center for Growth Disorders (A.D.), Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229; Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr. César Bergadá" (CEDIE) (H.M.D.), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), FEI, División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, C1425EFD Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology (S.Y.), New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York 10010; Oregon Health and Science University (R.G.R.), Portland, Oregon 97239; Stat5 LLC (R.G.R.), Los Altos, California 94022; Genetics Unit (L.A.P.-J.), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), and CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics (C.O.), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; and Medical Research Laboratory (J.F.), Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University and Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Context: Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A2 (PAPP-A2) is a metalloproteinase that specifically cleaves IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5. Mutations in the PAPP-A2 gene have recently been shown to cause postnatal growth failure in humans, with specific skeletal features, due to the resulting decrease in IGF-1 bioavailability. However, a pharmacological treatment of this entity is yet to be established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch Needs to Improve Hypertension Treatment and Control in African Americans.
Hypertension
November 2016
From the Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine (P.K.W., K.C.F.), New Orleans, LA; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (P.T.E., P.D.-N., G.A.M., J.A.C.), and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (N.G., G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (P.M.); Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., L.A.C., E.R.M.); Preventive Medicine Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN (W.C.C.); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.); Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, OH (M.R., J.T.W.); Cardiovascular Research Institute, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (H.A.T.); Department of Epidemiology and Prevention (J.A.) and Department of Medicine (B.I.F., J.A.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC; Dean's Office, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington (D.K.A.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City (B.L.C.); Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston (B.R.D.); Department of Public Health Sciences, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL (R.C.); Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland (A.S.G.); Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (D.J.H.); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD (P.L.K.); HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, MN (K.L.M.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (A.M.N.); Department of Population Health, NYU School of Medicine, New York (G.O.); American Medical Association, Chicago, IL (M.K.R.); Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cleveland Clinic, OH (G.T.); Clinical Directors Network (CND) and The Rockefeller University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, New York (J.N.T.); and National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, MD (S.S.(S.)Y.).
Additional targeted research and customized training programs could spearhead strategies for elimination of the disparities in prevalence and control of high BP between African Americans and the remainder of the US general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal and regional patterns in cardiovascular mortality from 1990 to 2013.
Circulation
October 2015
From University of Washington, Seattle (G.A.R., M.N., C.J.L.M.); Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (M.D.H.); Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York (A.E.M.); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand (V.F) and Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.).
There is a global commitment to reduce premature cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) 25% by 2025. CVD mortality rates have declined dramatically over the past 2 decades, yet the number of life years lost to premature CVD deaths is increasing in low- and middle-income regions. Ischemic heart disease and stroke remain the leading causes of premature death in the world; however, there is wide regional variation in these patterns.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPower of the Cluster.
Circulation
September 2015
From the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences (M.S.L.) and the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (G.A.M.), National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.
Cognitive activity relates to cognitive performance but not to Alzheimer disease biomarkers.
Neurology
July 2015
From the Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (C.M.G., J.E.M., L.C.P., M.P., J.A.B., K.A.J.) and Departments of Neurology (J.J.L., A.P.S., R.E.A., G.A.M., D.M.R., R.A.S., K.A.J.), Psychiatry (A.P.Y., A.P.S.), and Radiology (T.H., K.A.J.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.Y., A.P.S., T.H., R.A.S.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown; and Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (M.D., R.E.A., G.A.M., D.M.R., R.A.S., K.A.J.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Objective: We aimed to determine whether there was a relationship between lifestyle factors and Alzheimer disease biomarkers.
Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated self-reported histories of recent and past cognitive activity, self-reported history of recent physical activity, and objective recent walking activity in 186 clinically normal individuals with mean age of 74 ± 6 years. Using backward elimination general linear models, we tested the hypotheses that greater cognitive or physical activity would be associated with lower Pittsburgh compound B-PET retention, greater (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET metabolism, and larger hippocampal volume, as well as better cognitive performance on neuropsychological testing.
Geographic variations in cardiovascular health in the United States: contributions of state- and individual-level factors.
J Am Heart Assoc
May 2015
Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities (CIAHD), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (A.V.D.R.) School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (A.V.D.R.).
Background: Improving cardiovascular health (CVH) of all Americans by 2020 is a strategic goal of the American Heart Association. Understanding the sources of variation and identifying contextual factors associated with poor CVH may suggest important avenues for prevention.
Methods And Results: Cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for the year 2011 were linked to state-level coronary heart disease and stroke mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System and to state-level measures of median household income, income inequality, taxes on soda drinks and cigarettes, and food and physical activity environments from various administrative sources.
Demographic and epidemiologic drivers of global cardiovascular mortality.
N Engl J Med
April 2015
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (G.A.R.), and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (G.A.R., M.H.F., R.B., G.N., M.N., C.J.L.M.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York (A.E.M.); National Institute for Stroke and Applied Neurosciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand (V.L.F.); and the Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (G.A.M.).
Background: Global deaths from cardiovascular disease are increasing as a result of population growth, the aging of populations, and epidemiologic changes in disease. Disentangling the effects of these three drivers on trends in mortality is important for planning the future of the health care system and benchmarking progress toward the reduction of cardiovascular disease.
Methods: We used mortality data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013, which includes data on 188 countries grouped into 21 world regions.
National heart, lung, and blood institute (NHLBI) strategic visioning: setting an agenda together for the NHLBI of 2025.
Circulation
March 2015
From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (M.S.L., J.P.K., S.C.M., G.A.M., W.K.H., Y.P., N. L.C., G.H.G.); and National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (A.P.P.).