Canal Fill Ratio in Hemiarthroplasty Compared to Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Case Control Study.

Background: Cementless stems are commonly used in hemiarthroplasty (HA) for femoral neck fractures. Recent studies have reported increased risk of periprosthetic fracture with cementless stems compared to cemented HA. In elective total hip arthroplasty (THA), lower proximal canal fill ratios (CFR) of cementless stems have been associated with worse outcomes.

Phase transition in magic with random quantum circuits.

Magic is a property of quantum states that enables universal fault-tolerant quantum computing using simple sets of gate operations. Understanding the mechanisms by which magic is created or destroyed is, therefore, a crucial step towards efficient and practical fault-tolerant computation. We observe that a random stabilizer code subject to coherent errors exhibits a phase transition in magic, which we characterize through analytic, numeric and experimental probes.

Family physicians' perspectives on outcomes, processes, and policies in dementia care.

The rapid rise in numbers of people living with Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) poses major challenges to health systems and policy. Although primary care clinicians provide ongoing medical care for 80% of affected individuals, they face persistent barriers to providing high-quality dementia care. We conducted qualitative interviews with family physicians ( = 20) to understand what core outcomes they consider most important and what care processes and systems and policy strategies they propose to achieve them.

Optimal size and PEG coating of gold nanoparticles for prolonged blood circulation: a statistical analysis of published data.

This study presents a statistical analysis of how gold nanoparticle (GNP) size and polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating molecular weight (MW) affect the circulation of nanoparticles in blood. We showed a non-linear relationship with interaction between GNP size and PEG MW. The findings revealed a threshold effect, and recommendations for GNP coating are discussed.

Patterns of Care in Adjuvant Radiation Therapy for Stage II Endometrioid Endometrial Adenocarcinoma: A National Cancer Database Analysis.

Purpose: Treating stage II endometrial cancer involves total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and risk-adapted adjuvant therapy. Professional guidelines support various adjuvant treatments, but high-level data supporting specific options are conflicting. We sought to evaluate adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) trends for these patients, hypothesizing increased utilization of pelvic external beam RT (EBRT) over time.

Intermediate-dose immune tolerance induction outperforms with faster success, less bleeding, and no added cost in comparison with low dose: a multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Background: Low-dose (LD) or intermediate-dose (MD) immune tolerance induction (ITI) is effective in children with severe hemophilia A (SHA) with high-titer inhibitors (HTIs) and is attractive in countries with economic constraints. However, high-quality evidence of their use is lacking.

Objectives: This was a multicenter randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy, safety, and medication cost between LD-ITI and MD-ITI for SHA-HTI children.

Wavemeter calibration by frequency comb.

Upgrades to the vacuum wavelength calibration service at the National Institute of Standards and Technology are reported. The instrumentation centerpiece is an optical frequency comb stabilized to a GPS-disciplined oscillator, thereby providing direct traceability to the SI second. Historically, the service has covered lasers at the popular interferometry wavelengths red and green.

How to Integrate Neuroethics into a Neuroscience Course - And Drive Student Engagement with Core Concepts.

Students are thinking about ethical, moral, and societal implications of science-as individuals and communities- regardless of whether these topics are part of formal curricula. Ethical questions can arise from broad neuroscientific questions (What is consciousness?), emerging topics (e.g.

Synthesis estimators for transportability with positivity violations by a continuous covariate.

Studies intended to estimate the effect of a treatment, like randomized trials, may not be sampled from the desired target population. To correct for this discrepancy, estimates can be transported to the target population. Methods for transporting between populations are often premised on a positivity assumption, such that all relevant covariate patterns in one population are also present in the other.

Blood culture bottle shortage mitigation efforts: analysis of impact on ordering and patient impact.

Objective Design: In June of 2024, Becton Dickinson experienced a blood culture bottle shortage for their BACTEC system, forcing health systems to reduce usage or risk exhausting their supply. Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS) in Richmond, VA decided that it was necessary to implement austerity measures to preserve the blood culture bottle supply.

Setting: VCUHS includes a main campus in Richmond, VA as well as two affiliate hospitals in South Hill, VA (Community Memorial Hospital (CMH)) and Tappahannock Hospital in Tappahannock, VA.

Comorbidities And Reducing InEquitieS (CARES): Feasibility of self-monitoring and community health worker support in management of comorbidities among Black breast and prostate cancer patients.

Background: Black individuals with cancer have a higher prevalence of comorbidities and a worse cancer prognosis than other racial groups in the US. As part of a quality improvement project, we aimed to demonstrate feasibility of self-monitoring and community health worker (CHW) support among managing comorbidities for Black individuals with breast or prostate cancer.

Methods: In a single arm, pre-post study, we enrolled patients with diabetes and/or hypertension who identified as Black and were diagnosed with 1) stage 0-IV breast cancer, or 2) prostate cancer and on long-term androgen-deprivation therapy.

Tolvaptan and Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Progression in Individuals Aged 18-35 Years: A Pooled Database Analysis.

Rational & Objective: Data are limited regarding the long-term efficacy of tolvaptan in adults aged 18-35 years with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) at increased risk of rapid progression. We assessed the effects of tolvaptan within a larger population of younger adults and over longer follow-up than individual clinical trials could provide.

Study Design: Pooled database study.

Investigating the Restricted Dynamical Environment in and Around Aβ Peptide Oligomers in Aqueous Ionic Liquid Solutions.

It is widely believed that the aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides into soluble oligomers is the root cause behind Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we have performed room-temperature molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of aggregated Aβ oligomers of different sizes (pentamer (O(5)), decamer (O(10)), and hexadecamer (O(16))) in binary aqueous solutions containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF]) ionic liquid (IL). Investigations have been carried out to obtain a microscopic understanding of the effects of the IL on the dynamic environment around the exterior surfaces and within the confined nanocores of the oligomers.

International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids.

Position Statement: The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) presents this position based on a critical examination of the literature surrounding the effects of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA) supplementation on exercise performance, recovery, and brain health. This position stand is intended to provide a scientific foundation for athletes, dietitians, trainers, and other practitioners regarding the effects of supplemental ω-3 PUFA in healthy and athletic populations. The following conclusions represent the official position of the ISSN: Athletes may be at a higher risk for ω-3 PUFA insufficiency.

Cannabis Use Cessation and the Risk of Psychotic Disorders: A Case-Control Analysis from the First Episode Case-Control EU-GEI WP2 Study: L'arrêt de l'utilisation du cannabis et le risque de troubles psychotiques: Une analyse cas-témoins tirée de l'étude cas-témoins EU-GEI WP2 centrée sur les premiers épisodes psychotiques.

Objectives: To establish whether the risk of psychotic disorders in cannabis users changes with time following cannabis cessation using data from the European Network of National Networks studying Gene-Environment Interactions in Schizophrenia (EU-GEI) case-control study.

Methods: The EU-GEI case-control study collected data from first episode psychosis patients and population controls across sites in Europe and Brazil between May 2010 and April 2015. Adjusted logistic regressions were applied to examine whether the odd of psychosis case status changed: (1) with time following cannabis cessation and (2) across different cannabis use groups.

Deciphering the Anti-Diabetic Potential of Gymnema Sylvestre Using Integrated Computer-Aided Drug Design and Network Pharmacology.

This study explores novel therapeutic avenues for diabetes, a global health concern marked by elevated blood glucose levels. We investigated the anti-diabetic potential of Gymnema Sylvestre's bioactive compounds, including Gymnemic acid I, Stigmasterol, Deacylgymnemic acid, Beta-Amyrin acetate, Longispinogenin, Gymnemic acid II, Gymnemic acid, Gymnemic acid X, Gymnemaside VI, Phytic acid and Gymnemic acid X. Employing network pharmacology, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD), we elucidated the potential mechanism of action.

Associations between social determinants of health and mental health disorders among U.S. population: a cross-sectional study.

Aims: The impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) on mental health is increasingly realized. A comprehensive study examining the associations of SDOH with mental health disorders has yet to be accomplished. This study evaluated the associations between five domains of SDOH and the SDOH summary score and mental health disorders in the United States.

Integrating Protein Language Model and Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Discover Antibiofouling Peptides.

Antibiofouling peptide materials prevent the nonspecific adsorption of proteins on devices, enabling them to perform their designed functions as desired in complex biological environments. Due to their importance, research on antibiofouling peptide materials has been one of the central subjects of interfacial engineering. However, only a few antibiofouling peptide sequences have been developed.

Association between Mediterranean diet and metabolic health status among adults was not mediated through serum adropin levels.

Background: Prevalence of metabolic disorders has been increased in recent years around the world. The relationship between Mediterranean diet (MD) with metabolic health status and serum adropin levels has been less examined in Iranian adults. We investigated the association between MD compliance with metabolic health status and adropin hormone in Iranian adults.

Association of pan-immune inflammation value and lung health in adults.

Background: Lung health is intricately linked with inflammation. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV) emerges as a promising biomarker, offering reflection into systemic inflammatory states and assisting in the prognosis of diverse diseases. This research aims to explore the associations between PIV and respiratory symptoms, respiratory diseases and lung function.