Characterisation of intestinal amino acid and oleic acid absorption and their interaction in the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi).

Elasmobranchs are commonly carnivores and are important in energy transfer across marine ecosystems. Despite this, relatively few studies have examined the physiological underpinnings of nutrient acquisition in these animals. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of uptake at the spiral valve intestine for two representative amino acids (-alanine, -leucine) and one representative fatty acid (oleic acid), each common to the diet of a carnivore, the Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi).

Association of Alzheimer's Disease Polygenic Risk Score with Concussion Severity and Recovery Metrics.

Background: Identification of genetic alleles associated with both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and concussion severity/recovery could help explain the association between concussion and elevated dementia risk. However, there has been little investigation into whether AD risk genes associate with concussion severity/recovery, and the limited findings are mixed.

Objective: We used AD polygenic risk scores (PRS) and APOE genotypes to investigate any such associations in the NCAA-DoD Grand Alliance CARE Consortium (CARE) dataset.

Common Ancestry of the Id Locus: Chromosomal Rearrangement and Polygenic Possibilities.

The diversity in dermal pigmentation and plumage color among domestic chickens is striking, with Black Bone Chickens (BBC) particularly notable for their intense melanin hyperpigmentation. This unique trait is driven by a complex chromosomal rearrangement on chromosome 20 at the Fm locus, resulting in the overexpression of the EDN3 (a gene central to melanocyte regulation). In contrast, the inhibition of dermal pigmentation is regulated by the Id locus.

Basic Epigenetic Mechanisms.

The human genome consists of 23 chromosome pairs (22 autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes), with 46 chromosomes in a normal cell. In the interphase nucleus, the 2 m long nuclear DNA is assembled with proteins forming chromatin. The typical mammalian cell nucleus has a diameter between 5 and 15 μm in which the DNA is packaged into an assortment of chromatin assemblies.

Gallibacterium faecale sp. nov., Isolated from Dairy Cow Feces.

A facultative anaerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain AGMB14963 was isolated from the feces of a dairy cow. A 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain AGMB14963 belongs to the genus Gallibacterium, with Gallibacterium salpingitidis F150 being the closest species (95.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity).

Once-weekly IcoSema versus once-weekly semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes: the COMBINE 2 randomised clinical trial.

Aims/hypothesis: COMBINE 2 assessed the efficacy and safety of once-weekly IcoSema (a combination therapy of basal insulin icodec and semaglutide) vs once-weekly semaglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue) 1.0 mg in individuals with type 2 diabetes inadequately managed with GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapy, with or without additional oral glucose-lowering medications.

Methods: This 52 week, randomised, multicentre, open-label, parallel group, Phase IIIa trial was conducted across 121 sites in 13 countries/regions.

Antibacterial and Anticancer Properties of Diketopiperazines from BN122, an Endophyte in var. glutinosa.

<b>Background and Objectives:</b> This study characterized a bacterial strain, BN122, isolated from the root tissues of purple sticky rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L. var. glutinosa).

Evaluation of an e-self-management intervention (Happy Hands app) for hand osteoarthritis: Study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Objective: This protocol paper describes the rationale and design of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) that aims to evaluate the (cost-)effectiveness of a 12 week e-self-management intervention (Happy Hands app) in people with hand osteoarthritis (HOA).

Methods: In this multicentre RCT, 376 people with HOA will be recruited from all four health regions in Norway. Consenting participants will be randomly allocated to either a control group receiving usual care or an intervention group receiving the Happy Hands app in addition to usual care.

The impact of graphene oxide nanoparticles on the migratory behavior of metastatic human breast cancer cell, MDA-MB-231.

Breast cancer (BC) with aggressive metastasis is a serious ongoing public health problem among women. Graphene oxide (GO) has an inhibitory effect on the migration rate and metastasis of BC cells, but its various aspects have not yet been explored. This paper aims to research into the effect of GO nanoparticles (GO-Np) on the migratory behavior of MDA-MB-231 as a metastatic human BC cell line.

Triple‑negative breast cancer cell‑derived piR‑31115 promotes the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells via METTL3‑mediated m6A modification of YAP1.

Triple‑negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly malignant breast cancer subtype with a pronounced metastatic propensity, forms the focus of the present investigation. MDA‑MB‑231, a prevalently utilized TNBC cell line in cancer research, was employed. In accordance with the tumour angiogenesis theory, cancer cells are capable of instigating angiogenesis and the formation of a novel vascular system within the tumour microenvironment, which subsequently sustains malignant proliferation and metastasis.

Superior charge storage performance of optimized nickel cobalt carbonate hydroxide hydrate nanostructures for supercapacitor application.

In our work, we report superior electrochemical performance of optimized 3D nanostructured, nickel-cobalt carbonate hydroxide hydrate (NiCo-CHH (1 ≤ x ≤ 2)) materials with flower like morphology synthesised via one-step hydrothermal methods. A Ni rich sample (x = 1) demonstrate better specific capacitance and the improvement is attributed to more oxygen deficient neighbourhood of Ni compared to that of Co. The structural, morphological and electronic properties of the samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Short-Term Warm-Water Immersion for Improving Whole-Body Heat Loss in Older Men.

Purpose: Exercise-induced heat acclimation can mitigate age-related reductions in heat-loss capacity, though performing repeated bouts of strenuous exercise in the heat may be untenable for many older adults. While short-term passive heat acclimation (e.g.

Incomplete remyelination via therapeutically enhanced oligodendrogenesis is sufficient to recover visual cortical function.

Myelin loss induces neural dysfunction and contributes to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, injury conditions, and aging. Because remyelination is often incomplete, better understanding endogenous remyelination and developing remyelination therapies that restore neural function are clinical imperatives. Here, we use in vivo two-photon microscopy and electrophysiology to study the dynamics of endogenous and therapeutic-induced cortical remyelination and functional recovery after cuprizone-mediated demyelination in mice.

Neoadjuvant atezolizumab in combination with dual HER2 blockade plus epirubicin in women with early HER2-positive breast cancer: the randomized phase 2 ABCSG-52/ATHENE trial.

The role of anthracyclines in the treatment of early breast cancer (EBC) is increasingly being challenged, especially in de-escalation strategies. However, owing to their immunogenic effects, anthracyclines are promising combination partners with immunotherapies. In the randomized phase 2 trial ABCSG-52 (EudraCT no.

Therapeutic blockade of CCL17 in obesity-exacerbated osteoarthritic pain and disease.

Objectives: We previously reported that CCL17 gene-deficient mice are protected from developing pain-like behaviour and exhibit less disease in destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA, as well as in high-fat diet (HFD)-exacerbated DMM-induced OA. Here, we explored if therapeutic neutralization of CCL17, using increasing doses of a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb), would lead to a dose-dependent benefit in these two models.

Design: DMM-induced OA was initiated in male mice either fed with a control diet (7% fat) or 8 weeks of a 60% HFD, followed by therapeutic intraperitoneal administration (i.

Coralyne Targets the Catalytic Domain of MMP9: An In Silico and In Vitro Investigation.

Coralyne (COR) is a protoberberine-like isoquinoline alkaloid, and it is known for double-stranded (ds) DNA intercalation and topoisomerase inhibition. It can also sensitize cancer cells through various mechanisms. COR reduces the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by inhibiting the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9).

Low dose DNA methyltransferase inhibitors potentiate PARP inhibitors in homologous recombination repair deficient tumors.

Background: Poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase inhibitors are approved for treatment of tumors with BRCA1/2 and other homologous recombination repair (HRR) mutations. However, clinical responses are often not durable and treatment may be detrimental in advanced cancer due to excessive toxicities. Thus we are seeking alternative therapeutics to enhance PARP-directed outcomes.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor zanubrutinib-based regimens in relapsed/refractory primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system.

Patients with relapsed/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma (R/R PCNSL) usually have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. We respectively reviewed 38 patients with R/R PCNSL treated with zanubrutinib-based regimens in our center. The overall response rate, complete response rate and disease control rate were 76.

Characterization of the genomic landscape in liver oligometastatic NSCLC.

Objectives: Emerging data have shown that local treatment could provide clinical benefit for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with oligometastasis. Liver metastases have the worst prognosis in advanced NSCLC, but the genomic characteristics of liver oligometastasis remain unclear. The aim of our study was to elucidate the molecular features of liver oligometastatic NSCLC.

Decision model to evaluate the cost of clinical events associated with switching from Apixaban to Rivaroxaban among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation in the United States and Germany.

Aims: Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have emerged as the preferred treatment for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, evidence concerning the economic outcomes of DOAC switching remains limited. This study aimed to assess the economic outcomes of DOAC switching in the US and Germany, two countries with a high AF prevalence and DOAC utilization.

Language and Attention Networks Have Distinct Roles in Language Improvement Following an Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Program.

Background: Attention is known to play an important role in language, and attentional deficits have been associated with language impairments in people with aphasia (PWA). A prior study by our laboratory indicated that behavioral measures for PWA participating in an intensive comprehensive aphasia program (ICAP) clustered into 1 language and 1 attention-related factor, with each factor correlated with independent resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) networks. The present study includes additional attention measures and participants to better assess the relationship between attention, language, and rsFC.

Visible Light-Responsive Composition-Dependent Morphology and Cargo Release in Mixed Micelles of Dendron Amphiphiles.

2,2-Bis-(methylol)propionic acid-based second-generation polyester dendron amphiphile (T-D) containing visible light-responsive donor-acceptor Stenhouse adduct (DASA) as hydrophobic tails is synthesized. Micelles of T-D amphiphile and its mixed micelles of varying compositions with nonresponsive dendron amphiphile containing lauryl groups are prepared in aqueous solution. In transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy analyses, T-D amphiphiles show rice grain-like ellipsoidal micelles as the predominant morphology.

Evaluation of a Deep Learning Denoising Algorithm for Dose Reduction in Whole-Body Photon-Counting CT Imaging: A Cadaveric Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Photon Counting CT (PCCT) offers advanced imaging capabilities with potential for substantial radiation dose reduction; however, achieving this without compromising image quality remains a challenge due to increased noise at lower doses. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a deep learning (DL)-based denoising algorithm in maintaining diagnostic image quality in whole-body PCCT imaging at reduced radiation levels, using real intraindividual cadaveric scans.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four cadaveric human bodies underwent whole-body CT scans on a PCCT scanner (NAEOTOM Alpha, Siemens Healthineers) at four different dose levels (100%, 50%, 25%, and 10% mAs).