Monomeric or Homodimer Conjugates of Fibroblast Activation Protein Inhibitor and Cyanine 7 Bearing a Meso-Chloride as Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probes: Design, Synthesis, and Comparative Imaging of Distinct Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Intraoperative fluorescence navigation can illuminate the tumor, directing surgeons to accurately achieve negative margins, which not only reduces recurrence but also minimizes the incidence of complications. Herein, we developed two near-infrared fluorescent probes (Em = 820 nm) and (Em = 823 nm) with prolonged tumor retention (>72 h) and high target-to-background ratios (up to 4.5) based on the conjugation of pan-cancer targeted fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and the "tumor-seeking" Cyanine 7 bearing a meso-chloride and a cyclohexenyl skeleton (Cy7-Cl).

Whole grapes or grape products on body weight, anthropometrics, and adipokines: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This meta-analysis aims to compile all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of grapes or grape products on adult anthropometric measures and serum adipokines. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar, Web of Science and CENTRAL databases published before January 2022. Random-effects model was used to combine mean differences between intervention and placebo groups.

An examination of daily CO emissions prediction through a comparative analysis of machine learning, deep learning, and statistical models.

Human-induced global warming, primarily attributed to the rise in atmospheric CO, poses a substantial risk to the survival of humanity. While most research focuses on predicting annual CO emissions, which are crucial for setting long-term emission mitigation targets, the precise prediction of daily CO emissions is equally vital for setting short-term targets. This study examines the performance of 14 models in predicting daily CO emissions data from 1/1/2022 to 30/9/2023 across the top four polluting regions (China, India, the USA, and the EU27&UK).

Staple principles for the definition of front-of-pack nutritional labels.

Front-of-pack nutrition labels (FOPNLs) have been developed since 1989 to curb the increasing prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and to promote healthy consumption choices. While several countries have introduced their own labeling schemes on a voluntary basis, the European Commission aims to harmonize a FOPNL system that will be mandatory for all member states. This paper summarizes a contribution to the current debate on FOPNLs from Italian and Spanish researchers working in the fields of human nutrition, nutritional epidemiology and public health education and communication policy before the final decision on FOPNLs to become mandatory in Europe is taken.

Home Visit Survey on Outpatient Antibiotic Use: Assessing Leftover Medications and Factors Influencing Appropriate Use by Community Pharmacists.

This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with leftover antibiotics in Japanese households through pharmacist home visits. The research, conducted in collaboration with pharmaceutical associations in Kyoto and Hirakata, included 37 cases analyzed from October 2023 to March 2024. Participants had a median age of 81 years and received a median of two antibiotic prescriptions in the past year.

Patient-reported outcomes using PROMIS after tarsal tunnel release surgery.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy of the tibial nerve and its branches in the tarsal tunnel. The literature on surgical release of the tarsal tunnel shows variable outcomes with no studies reporting validated patient reported outcomes. We aim to determine clinical response after tarsal tunnel release using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS).

The pharmaceutical quality of freeze-dried tablets containing therapeutic bacteriophages against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.

The preparation of a solid dosage form containing bacteriophages, which meets pharmaceutical requirements and ensures long-term stability of the phage effect, is significant for implementing phage therapy in practice. A commonly used method for processing phages into a solid form is freeze-drying into a (so-called) freeze-dried cake; however, to date there have been no studies examining the pharmacopeial parameters of freeze-dried tablets with bacteriophages. In this study, we describe the preparation and properties of freeze-dried tablets containing a cocktail of purified pseudomonal bacteriophage DSM 33593 from the genus Pbunavirus and staphylococcal bacteriophage DSM 33473 from the genus Kayvirus (10 PFU/tablet) as the active ingredient.

Burden of RSV infections among young children in primary care: a prospective cohort study in five European countries (2021-23).

Background: The majority of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections in young children are managed in primary care, however, the disease burden in this setting remains poorly defined.

Methods: We did a prospective cohort study in primary care settings in Belgium, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, and the UK during the RSV seasons of 2020-21 (UK only; from Jan 1, 2021), 2021-22, and 2022-23. Children aged younger than 5 years presenting to their general practitioner or primary care paediatrician with symptoms of an acute respiratory tract infection were eligible for RSV testing.

Fatty acid carbon isotopes as tracers of trophic structure and contaminant biomagnification in Arctic marine food webs.

Mercury (Hg) and persistent organic pollutant (POP) accumulation among species and biomagnification through food webs is typically assessed using stable isotopes of nitrogen (δN) and carbon (δC) in bulk (whole) tissues. Yet, bulk isotopic approaches have limitations, notably from the potential overlap of isotope values from different dietary sources and from spatial variation in source (baseline) signals. Here, we explore the potential of fatty acid carbon isotopes (FA δC) to (1) evaluate the trophic structure of a marine food web, (2) distinguish feeding patterns among four marine mammal consumers, (3) trace contaminant biomagnification through a food web, and (4) explain interspecific variation in contaminants among high-trophic position predators.

Evaluation of the antiproliferative effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) CI-994 and Liposomal Cisplatin LipoPlatin on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells as monotherapy and combined therapy.

In this study, the effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor CI-994 and nanotechnological drug liposomal cisplatin LipoPlatin on Luminal A breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer were explored using agents alone and in combination. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were used. Cell viability, and cell index values obtained from xCELLigence System, MI, BrdU LI and AI were evaluated in experiments.

A UK population-based case-control study of blood tests before cancer diagnosis in patients with non-specific abdominal symptoms.

Background: Abnormal results in commonly used primary care blood tests could be early markers of cancer in patients presenting with non-specific abdominal symptoms.

Methods: Using linked data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and national cancer registry we compared blood test use and abnormal results from the 24-months pre-diagnosis in 10,575 cancer patients (any site), and 52,875 matched-controls aged ≥30 presenting, with abdominal pain or bloating to primary care.

Results: Cancer patients had two-fold increased odds of having a blood test (odds ratio(OR):1.

Chromosome-level Genome Assembly of Korean Long-tailed Chicken and Pangenome of 40 Gallus gallus Assemblies.

This study presents the first chromosome-level genome assembly of the Korean long-tailed chicken (KLC), a unique breed of Gallus gallus known as Ginkkoridak. Our assembly achieved a super contig N50 of 5.7 Mbp and a scaffold N50 exceeding 90 Mb, with a genome completeness of 96.

Chromosome-level genome assembly, annotation, and population genomic resource of argali (Ovis ammon).

Argali stands as the largest species among wild sheep in Central and East Asia, with a concerning rate of decline estimated at 30%. The intraspecific taxonomy of argali remains contentious due to limited genomic data and unclear geographic separation. In this study, we constructed a chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation for the Tibetan argali (O.

Chromosome-scale genome assembly of three-spotted seahorse (Hippocampus trimaculatus) with a unique karyotype.

Three-spotted seahorse (Hippocampi trimaculata) is a unique fish with important economic and medicinal values, and its total chromosome number is potentially quite different from other seahorse species. Herein, we constructed a chromosome-level genome assembly for this special seahorse by integration of MGI short-read, PacBio HiFi long-read and Hi-C sequencing techniques. A 416.

Whole genome sequencing, assembly and annotation of the Southern Ground Hornbill - Bucorvus leadbeateri.

The Southern Ground Hornbill (SGH - Bucorvus leadbeateri) is one of the largest hornbill species worldwide, known for its complex social structures and breeding behaviours. This bird has been of great interest due to its declining population and disappearance from historic ranges in southern Africa. Despite being the focus of numerous conservation efforts, with research forming an integral part of these initiatives, there is still a substantial lack of knowledge regarding the molecular biology aspects of this bird species.

Exploring the Impact of Interferon-Gamma Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on HTLV-1 Infection: Unraveling Genetic Influences in Viral Pathogenesis.

Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) induces neoplastic adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and neurological HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) in approximately 3%-5% of infected individuals. The precise factors that facilitate disease manifestation are still unknown; interaction between the virus and the host's immune response is key. Cytokines regulates physiological activities and their dysregulation may initiate the pathogenesis of various malignant and infectious diseases.

Antibody-drug conjugates targeting SSEA-4 inhibits growth and migration of SSEA-4 positive breast cancer cells.

Although breast cancer treatment has evolved significantly in recent years, drug resistance remains a major challenge. To identify new targets for breast cancer, we found that stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA-4) is expressed in all subtypes of breast cancer cell lines, and the increased expression of the associated enzymes β3GalT5 and ST3Gal2 correlates with poor recurrence-free survival (RFS) in breast cancer. We also found that SSEA-4 antibodies can be rapidly internalized into breast cancer cells, a property that makes SSEA-4 an attractive target for antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).

Metal nanoparticles entrapment in chitosan-carbon black composite hydrogel towards sustainable environmental solutions.

A catalytic system has been developed, utilizing metal nanoparticles confined within a chitosan‑carbon black composite hydrogel (M-CH/CB), aimed at improving ease of use and recovery in catalytic processes. The M-CH/CBs were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDX, the M-CH/CB system demonstrated exceptional catalytic activity in producing hydrogen gas (H) from water and methanol, and in reducing several hazardous materials including 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 2,6-dinitrophenol (2,6-DNP), acridine orange (ArO), methyl orange (MO), congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), and potassium ferricyanide (PFC). Among the tested nanocatalysts, CH/CB showed the highest efficiency for H₂ production, while Fe-CH/CB excelled in contaminant reduction (7.

Antepartum insomnia symptoms and its association with postpartum depression symptoms in women with and without psychiatric vulnerability: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Postpartum depression is common and may be linked to antepartum insomnia, a potentially modifiable risk factor. We examine the association between insomnia- and postpartum depression symptoms, considering whether psychiatric vulnerability moderates this link.

Method: Participants completed the Insomnia Severity Index during trimester two and three and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression questionnaire postpartum.

AZD2693, a PNPLA3 antisense oligonucleotide, for the treatment of MASH in 148M homozygous participants: two randomized phase I trials.

Background & Aims: A common genetic variant (rs738409) encoding isoleucine to methionine at position 148 in the PNPLA3 protein is a determinant of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver-related mortality. AZD2693 is a liver-targeted antisense oligonucleotide against PNPLA3 mRNA. We evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) studies.

Durvalumab with or without bevacizumab with transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma (EMERALD-1): a multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.

Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.

Tertiary lymphoid structures and cancer immunotherapy: From bench to bedside.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are organized ectopic lymphoid aggregates within the tumor microenvironment that serve as crucial sites for the development of adaptive antitumor cellular and humoral immunity. TLSs have been consistently documented in numerous cancer types, correlating with improved prognosis and enhanced responses to immunotherapy, especially immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB). Given the potential role of TLSs as predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of ICB in cancer patients, the therapeutic manipulation of TLSs is gaining significant attention as a promising avenue for cancer treatment.

A novel lightweight deep learning based approaches for the automatic diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease using image processing and knowledge distillation techniques.

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases pose significant challenges for healthcare systems, largely due to the complexities involved in their detection and treatment. Despite the advancements in deep neural networks, their high computational demands hinder their practical use in clinical environments.

Objective: This study aims to address the computational inefficiencies of deep neural networks by proposing a lightweight model that integrates model compression techniques, ConvLSTM layers, and ConvNext Blocks, all optimized through Knowledge Distillation (KD).

Multicenter In-House Evaluation of an Amplicon-Based Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Comprehensive Molecular Profiling.

Background: Predicting response to targeted cancer therapies increasingly relies on both simple and complex genetic biomarkers. Comprehensive genomic profiling using high-throughput assays must be evaluated for reproducibility and accuracy compared with existing methods.

Methods: This study is a multicenter evaluation of the Oncomine™ Comprehensive Assay Plus (OCA Plus) Pan-Cancer Research Panel for comprehensive genomic profiling of solid tumors.