Disparities in cardiac arrest mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease: A US-based epidemiological analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases cardiac arrest (CA) risk because of renal and cardiovascular interactions.

Methods: Using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data from 1999 to 2020, we analyzed CKD-related CA mortality and the impact of social vulnerability index (SVI).

Results: We identified 336 494 CKD-related CA deaths, with stable age-adjusted mortality rates over time.

Gastrointestinal bleed mortality disparities in patients with atrial fibrillation: A cross-sectional analysis 1999-2020.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is often encountered among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) due to the use of anticoagulation. This study assesses disparities in GIB-related mortality among decedents with AF in the United States.

Methods: GIB mortality data in patients with AF from 1999 to 2020 was queried from the CDC database.

Safety and Efficacy of Toripalimab in Patients with Cholangiocarcinoma: An Open-Label, Phase 1 Study.

Introduction: This was the first phase 1 study conducted in the United States. It consisted of dose-escalation (part A) and multiple indication-specific cohort expansion (part B), investigating the safety and preliminary efficacy of toripalimab (anti-programmed cell death-1 inhibitor) in patients with advanced malignancies.

Methods: Patients with advanced malignancies that progressed after treatment with at least one prior line of standard systemic therapy, including the patients with advanced/recurrent cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), received toripalimab 240 mg every 3 weeks in part B.

Facial Fat Grafting Cannula: A Tool to Facilitate Closed Irrigation in Flexor Tenosynovitis.

Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (PFT), also known as septic or suppurative flexor tenosynovitis, is a closed-space infection of the hand's flexor tendon sheath that necessitates timely diagnosis and treatment. The treatment consists of antibiotic therapy often combined with prompt surgical treatment. The most common surgical approach is the closed irrigation technique, which involves inserting a 16-gauge angiocatheter in the proximal aspect of the flexor tendon sheath, leaving the distal end of the Brunner incision open during the irrigation process.

A machine learning-based strategy to elucidate the identification of antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

Microorganisms, crucial for environmental equilibrium, could be destructive, resulting in detrimental pathophysiology to the human host. Moreover, with the emergence of antibiotic resistance (ABR), the microbial communities pose the century's largest public health challenges in terms of effective treatment strategies. Furthermore, given the large diversity and number of known bacterial strains, describing treatment choices for infected patients using experimental methodologies is time-consuming.

Brain aging rejuvenation factors in adults with genetic and sporadic neurodegenerative disease.

The largest risk factor for dementia is age. Heterochronic blood exchange studies have uncovered age-related blood factors that demonstrate 'pro-aging' or 'pro-youthful' effects on the mouse brain. The clinical relevance and combined effects of these factors for humans is unclear.

Interobserver and intraobserver variability among different vendors for mitral valve assessment: implications for transcatheter mitral valve repair.

Purpose: Pre-procedural imaging is critical for transcatheter mitral valve repair planning in patients with mitral valve disease. As differences among various measurement techniques for valve evaluation are still poorly understood, we sought to assess the intra- and interobserver agreement of complex measurements derived from a prototype mitral evaluation tool (Siemens) and a commercially available tool (CVI42) using both saddle- and D-shaped mitral annulus techniques.

Materials And Methods: Multiphasic cardiac computed tomography angiography data were loaded into each software.

Resolving tissue complexity by multimodal spatial omics modeling with MISO.

Spatial molecular profiling has provided biomedical researchers valuable opportunities to better understand the relationship between cellular localization and tissue function. Effectively modeling multimodal spatial omics data is crucial for understanding tissue complexity and underlying biology. Furthermore, improvements in spatial resolution have led to the advent of technologies that can generate spatial molecular data with subcellular resolution, requiring the development of computationally efficient methods that can handle the resulting large-scale datasets.

Daratumumab plus lenalidomide/dexamethasone in untreated multiple myeloma: analysis of key subgroups of the MAIA study.

In the MAIA study (median follow-up, 56.2 months), daratumumab plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone in transplant-ineligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). In this post hoc analysis of clinically important subgroups in MAIA (median follow-up, 64.

Heavy Medicine: The Need for Ethical Stewardship of Metal and Metalloid-based Medicines and Technologies.

Metals and metalloids including cobalt, gadolinium, lutetium and germanium are used in numerous medical applications spanning diverse specialities including orthopedics, radiology, oncology and healthcare artificial intelligence. These medical advances include cobalt containing orthopedic implants, gadolinium-based contrast agents, lutetium-containing cancer drugs and germanium-based semiconductors. While these metal and metalloid-based solutions do improve patient care, there is a heavy side to how the elements needed for these solutions are mined, extracted and discarded.

Practices and perspectives of genetic counselors about high-risk pancreatic cancer screening: A cross-sectional survey study.

Surveillance of individuals at high-risk of pancreatic cancer using CAPS criteria and other expert consensus guidelines may result in earlier pancreatic cancer detection in some cases; therefore, clinicians are responsible for appropriately identifying and referring these individuals to appropriate high-risk pancreas cancer screening programs. This study aimed at assessing the perspective, knowledge, and clinical practices of cancer genetic counselors surveyed nationwide towards identification of individuals at high-risk of pancreatic cancer and utilization of high-risk pancreatic cancer screening programs. One hundred and eighty-nine genetic counselors who listed "Cancer" as their specialty on the NSGC website responded to the survey, which consisted of multiple practice-based, knowledge-based, and clinical vignette-based questions.

Prolactin-induced sensitization of trigeminal nociceptors promotes migraine co-morbidity in endometriosis.

Background: Women with endometriosis are more likely to have migraine. The mechanisms underlying this co-morbidity are unknown. Prolactin, a neurohormone secreted and released into circulation from the anterior pituitary, can sensitize sensory neurons from female, but not male, rodents, monkeys and human donors.

Epidemiology of Antisynthetase Syndrome and Risk of Malignancy in a Population-based Cohort (1998-2019).

Objective: Population-based epidemiology studies about antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) are lacking. Our aims were to determine the incidence and prevalence of ASSD and assess malignancy risk among patients following ASSD diagnosis.

Methods: A retrospective, population-based cohort of adults with incident ASSD residing in Olmsted County, Minnesota, in 1998-2019 was assembled.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Scleroderma Skin Questionnaire: A Novel Patient Reported Outcome for Skin Disease in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis.

Objective: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Scleroderma Skin Questionnaire (SSQ), a novel patient-reported outcome (PRO) to assess systemic sclerosis (SSc) related skin symptoms.

Methods: The SSQ was administered to 799 adults (mean age 52.7; 82% female) enrolled in the SSc Collaborative National Quality and Efficacy Registry (CONQUER).

How Do I Diagnose Fibrolamellar Carcinoma?

Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a unique primary carcinoma of liver that is characterized by distinct morphologic findings and a recurrent DNAJB1::PRKACA gene fusion. It typically presents in young individuals without underlying liver dysfunction. FLC is a difficult diagnosis when based only on morphology and misdiagnosis is not uncommon.

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: To assess the association between neoadjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) compared to upfront surgery.

Background: Left-sided pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to right-sided pancreatic cancer. Although neoadjuvant therapy is currently seen as not effective in patients with RPC, current randomized trials included mostly patients with right-sided RPC.

Cell type specific differences in transcriptome profiles of adipose derived stem cells and vaginal fibroblasts in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.

The purpose of this study was to understand the molecular phenotypes of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and vaginal fibroblasts (VFBs) and whether pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects their biological properties. We performed RNA sequencing of paired ASCs and VFBs from six patients with POP and six controls (CTRL). The transcriptomes of POP and CTRL in either ASCs or VFBs were compared (DESeq2, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.

Humeral and Glenoid Component Malposition in Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Retrospective, Cross-sectional Study.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of glenoid and humeral component malposition in failed primary shoulder arthroplasty requiring revision. We hypothesized that glenoid and humeral component malposition would be a prevalent feature in cases requiring revision arthroplasty for primary anatomic TSA, primary RSA, and primary hemiarthroplasty procedures.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed focusing on identifying the incidence of malpositioned components in shoulder arthroplasty in quantitative and qualitative reviews.

Outcomes of Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients Who Have Preoperative Gluteal Tendinopathy and Tears: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background: The gluteus medius and minimus muscles play a critical role in hip biomechanics, however there is a paucity of literature examining the impact of preoperative gluteal pathology on outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study compared pain, satisfaction, and functional outcomes among patients who had and did not have preoperative gluteal pathology after direct anterior (DA) THA.

Methods: Using an institutional total joint registry, patients undergoing DA THA for osteoarthritis between 2010 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed.

Safety and Effectiveness of EUS-Guided Gallbladder Drainage in Patients with Cirrhosis: An International Multicenter Experience.

Introduction EUS-guided gall bladder drainage (EUS-GBD) for management of symptomatic gallbladder disease has been shown to be safe and effective in high surgical risk patients with data lacking in patients with cirrhosis. We sought to study the safety and effectiveness of EUS-GBD in cirrhotic compared to non-cirrhotic patients. Methods Retrospective review of patients who underwent EUS-GBD at four (3 US and 1 Spain) international tertiary care centers.

Real-world tafamidis experience in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy in Brazil.

Background:  Tafamidis is a kinetic stabilizer that binds to the transthyretin (TTR) gene, inhibiting its dissociation. It is the only disease-modifying treatment for hereditary TTR amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy (ATTRv-PN) available in the National Therapeutic Form (Formulário Terapêutico Nacional, FTN, in Portuguese) of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS, in Portuguese).

Objective:  To assess if the efficacy and safety of tafamidis in the Brazilian real-world experience are comparable to the results of clinical trials.

Beyond the ink: Marking the skin with henna through ultrasound gel.

Purpose: To evaluate henna as a durable skin marker on various skin tones for sonographic targeting and to identify the shortest duration of henna application needed for practical clinical workflow.

Materials And Methods: Prospective study applying seven henna lines through ultrasound (US) gel on the forearms of 15 healthy participants equally represented across the validated six-color bar tool. Color bar categories 1-2, 3-4, and 5-6 were designated low, moderate, and high-melanin groups, respectively.

Brain mechanical properties predict longitudinal cognitive change in aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Age-related cognitive decline is a complex phenomenon that is influenced by various neurobiological processes at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. The extent of this decline varies between individuals and the underlying determinants of these differences are not fully understood. Two of the most prominent signs of cognitive decline in aging are the deterioration of episodic memory, which is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the nearly always accompanying atrophy of the medial temporal lobe.