Prognostic significance of immune reconstitution following CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma.

Immune deficits after CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy can be long-lasting, predisposing patients to infections and non-relapse mortality. In B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), the prognostic impact of immune reconstitution (IR) remains ill-defined, and detailed cross-product comparisons have not been performed to date. In this retrospective observational study, we longitudinally characterized lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin levels in 105 B-NHL patients to assess patterns of immune recovery arising after CD19 CAR-T.

Assessing the impact of energy coaching with smart technology interventions to alleviate energy poverty.

Energy poverty affects 550,000 homes in the Netherlands yet policy interventions to alleviate this issue are rare. Therefore, we test two energy coaching interventions in Amsterdam: a static information group (n = 67) which received energy efficient products and one energy-use report, and a smart information group (n = 50), which also had a display providing real-time feedback on energy-use. Results across both groups, show a 75% success rate for alleviating energy poverty.

Resolving electrochemically triggered topological defect dynamics and structural degradation in layered oxides.

Understanding topological defects-controlled structural degradation of layered oxides-a key cathode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries-plays a critical role in developing next-generation cathode materials. Here, by constructing a nanobattery in an electron microscope enabling atomic-scale monitoring of electrochemcial reactions, we captured the electrochemically driven atomistic dynamics and evolution of dislocations-a most important topological defect in material. We deciphered how dislocations nucleate, move, and annihilate within layered cathodes at the atomic scale.

Cell integrity limits ploidy in budding yeast.

Evidence suggests that increases in ploidy have occurred frequently in the evolutionary history of organisms and can serve adaptive functions to specialized somatic cells in multicellular organisms. However, the sudden multiplication of all chromosome content may present physiological challenges to the cells in which it occurs. Experimental studies have associated increases in ploidy with reduced cell survival and proliferation.

STAT5B leukemic mutations, altering SH2 tyrosine 665, have opposing impacts on immune gene programs.

STAT5B is a vital transcription factor for lymphocytes. Here, function of two STAT5B mutations from human T cell leukemias: one substituting tyrosine 665 with phenylalanine (STAT5B), the other with histidine (STAT5B) was interrogated. modeling predicted divergent energetic effects on homodimerization with a range of pathogenicity.

Linking neural population formatting to function.

Animals capable of complex behaviors tend to have more distinct brain areas than simpler organisms, and artificial networks that perform many tasks tend to self-organize into modules (1-3). This suggests that different brain areas serve distinct functions supporting complex behavior. However, a common observation is that essentially anything that an animal senses, knows, or does can be decoded from neural activity in any brain area (4-6).

Classifying synoptic patterns driving tornadic storms and associated spatial trends in the United States.

Severe convective storms and tornadoes rank among nature's most hazardous phenomena, inflicting significant property damage and casualties. Near-surface weather conditions are closely governed by large-scale synoptic patterns. It is crucial to delve into the involved multiscale associations to understand tornado potential in response to climate change.

Genetic predisposition to high circulating levels of interleukin 6 and risk for Alzheimer's disease. Discovery and replication.

Importance: Aging is accompanied by immune dysregulation, which has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Individuals who are genetically predisposed to elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators might be at increased risk for AD.

Objective: To investigate whether genetic propensity for higher circulating levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) is associated with AD risk.

Potentiating the effect of immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer using gas-entrapping materials.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) show limited success in treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), largely due to immune evasion mechanisms, including downregulating expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I). Our retrospective analysis demonstrated that smoking - a state of elevated CO exposure - is correlated with increased MHC I expression in pancreatic tumors. Here we tested our hypothesis that introducing exogenous CO augments the anti-cancer effects of immunotherapy.

Global surgery and climate change: how global surgery can prioritise both the health of the planet and its people.

Climate change is an emerging global health crisis, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where health outcomes are increasingly compromised by environmental stressors such as pollution, natural disasters, and human migration. With a focus on promoting health equity, Global Surgery advocates for expanding access to surgical care and enhancing health outcomes, particularly in resource-limited and disaster-affected areas like LMICs. The healthcare industry-and more specifically, surgical care-significantly contributes to the global carbon footprint, primarily through resource-intensive settings, i.

Comparative study of conventional and process intensification by reactive distillation designs for glycerol carbonate production from glycerol and diethyl carbonate.

Glycerol carbonate (GC) can be produced from glycerol (GL), a low-value byproduct in the biodiesel industry. In this work, continuous processes of GC production via transesterification from crude GL and diethyl carbonate (DEC) were developed using Aspen Plus. Two cases were considered, and their process performances were compared.

Default mode network functional connectivity as a transdiagnostic biomarker of cognitive function.

The default mode network (DMN) is intricately linked with processes such as self-referential thinking, episodic memory recall, goal-directed cognition, self-projection, and theory of mind. Over recent years, there has been a surge in examining its functional connectivity, particularly its relationship with frontoparietal networks (FPN) involved in top-down attention, executive function, and cognitive control. The fluidity in switching between these internal and external modes of processing-highlighted by anti-correlated functional connectivity-has been proposed as an indicator of cognitive health.

Visualizing lipid nanoparticle trafficking for mRNA vaccine delivery in non-human primates.

mRNA delivered using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) has become an important subunit vaccine modality, but mechanisms of action for mRNA vaccines remain incompletely understood. Here, we synthesized a metal chelator-lipid conjugate enabling positron emission tomography (PET) tracer labeling of LNP/mRNA vaccines for quantitative visualization of vaccine trafficking in live mice and non-human primates (NHPs). Following intramuscular injection, we observed LNPs distributing through injected muscle tissue, simultaneous with rapid trafficking to draining lymph nodes (dLNs).

A Digital Phenotypic Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (DANO): A Pilot Study on Sociability Changes in Patients Undergoing Treatment for Brain Malignancies.

Background: The digital phenotyping tool has great potential for the deep characterization of neurological and quality-of-life assessments in brain tumor patients. Phone communication activities (details on call and text use) can provide insight into the patients' sociability.

Methods: We prospectively collected digital-phenotyping data from six brain tumor patients.

Effects of maze appearance on maze solving.

As mazes are typically complex, cluttered stimuli, solving them is likely limited by visual crowding. Thus, several aspects of the appearance of the maze - the thickness, spacing, and curvature of the paths, as well as the texture of both paths and walls - likely influence the performance. In the current study, we investigate the effects of perceptual aspects of maze design on maze-solving performance to understand the role of crowding and visual complexity.

Induced seismicity and geothermal energy production in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field, California.

We analyze the relationship between geothermal energy production and seismic hazards in the Salton Sea Geothermal Field (SSGF) between 1972 and 2022. A clear increase in seismic activity accompanies geothermal energy production and is greatest to the east of the Brawley fault, where the amount of injection exceeds the amount of production. We estimate that, whereas there was a 2% chance of a M6.

Designer topological-single-atom catalysts with site-specific selectivity.

Designing catalysts with well-defined, identical sites that achieve site-specific selectivity, and activity remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce a design principle of topological-single-atom catalysts (T-SACs) guided by density functional theory (DFT) and Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations, where metal single atoms are arranged in asymmetric configurations that electronic shield topologically misorients d orbitals, minimizing unwanted interactions between reactants and the support surface. Mn/CeO catalysts, synthesized via a charge-transfer-driven approach, demonstrate superior catalytic activity and selectivity for NO removal.

Medical history predicts phenome-wide disease onset and enables the rapid response to emerging health threats.

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed a global deficiency of systematic, data-driven guidance to identify high-risk individuals. Here, we illustrate the utility of routinely recorded medical history to predict the risk for 1741 diseases across clinical specialties and support the rapid response to emerging health threats such as COVID-19. We developed a neural network to learn from health records of 502,489 UK Biobank participants.

Post-transcriptional cross- and auto-regulation buffer expression of the human RNA helicases and .

The Y-linked gene and its X-linked homolog survived the evolution of the human sex chromosomes from ordinary autosomes. encodes a multifunctional RNA helicase, with mutations causing developmental disorders and cancers. We find that, among X-linked genes with surviving Y homologs, is extraordinarily dosage sensitive.

Learning the language of antibody hypervariability.

Protein language models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive success in modeling proteins. However, general-purpose "foundational" PLMs have limited performance in modeling antibodies due to the latter's hypervariable regions, which do not conform to the evolutionary conservation principles that such models rely on. In this study, we propose a transfer learning framework called Antibody Mutagenesis-Augmented Processing (AbMAP), which fine-tunes foundational models for antibody-sequence inputs by supervising on antibody structure and binding specificity examples.

Modular DNA origami-based electrochemical detection of DNA and proteins.

The diversity and heterogeneity of biomarkers has made the development of general methods for single-step quantification of analytes difficult. For individual biomarkers, electrochemical methods that detect a conformational change in an affinity binder upon analyte binding have shown promise. However, because the conformational change must operate within a nanometer-scale working distance, an entirely new sensor, with a unique conformational change, must be developed for each analyte.

Voices of Nanomedicine: Blueprint Guidelines for Collaboration in Addressing Global Unmet Medical Needs.

The "" under this Perspective underline the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and partnerships across several disciplines, such as medical science and technology, medicine, bioengineering, and computational approaches, in bridging the gap between research, manufacturing, and clinical applications. Effective communication is key to bridging team gaps, enhancing trust, and resolving conflicts, thereby fostering teamwork and individual growth toward shared goals. Drawing from the success of the COVID-19 vaccine development, we advocate the application of similar collaborative models in other complex health areas such as nanomedicine and biomedical engineering.

Ultrasensitive detection of intact SARS-CoV-2 particles in complex biofluids using microfluidic affinity capture.

Measuring virus in biofluids is complicated by confounding biomolecules coisolated with viral nucleic acids. To address this, we developed an affinity-based microfluidic device for specific capture of intact severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our approach used an engineered angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 to capture intact virus from plasma and other complex biofluids.

3D-Printable Elastomers for Real-Time Autonomous Self-Healing in Soft Devices.

Photocurable self-healing elastomers are promising candidates for producing complex soft devices that can mend damage. However, the practicality of these materials is limited by reliance on external stimuli, custom synthesis, manual realignment, and multihour healing cycles. This paper introduces a tough 3D-printable hybrid acrylate/thiol-ene elastomer (prepared with commercially available precursors) that exhibits nearly instantaneous damage repair in the absence of external stimuli.

Taurine prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and protects mitochondria from reactive oxygen species and deuterium toxicity.

Taurine, although not a coding amino acid, is the most common free amino acid in the body. Taurine has multiple and complex functions in protecting mitochondria against oxidative-nitrosative stress. In this comprehensive review paper, we introduce a novel potential role for taurine in protecting from deuterium (heavy hydrogen) toxicity.