Microarray Analysis of the Genomic Effect of Eugenol on Methicillin-Resistant .

is a highly adaptive human pathogen responsible for serious hospital- and community-acquired infectious diseases, ranging from skin and soft tissue infections, to complicated and life-threatening conditions such as endocarditis and toxic shock syndrome (TSS). The rapid development of resistance of this organism to available antibiotics over the last few decades has necessitated a constant search for more efficacious antibacterial agents. Eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol) belongs to the class of chemical compounds called phenylpropanoids.

Prevalence and risk factors associated with alcohol consumption among indigenous people in Sabah Borneo Island.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of alcohol use among a cohort of population in Sabah.

Design: This is a prospective, cohort study involving rural community residents.

Setting: Rural community resident at Bingkor, Keningau, Sabah.

Elastomeric biocomposite of silver-containing mesoporous bioactive glass and poly(1,8-octanediol citrate): Physiochemistry and in vitro antibacterial capacity in tissue engineering applications.

A novel series of silver-doped mesoporous bioactive glass/poly(1,8-octanediol citrate) (AgMBG/POC) elastomeric biocomposite scaffolds were successfully constructed by a salt-leaching technique for the first time and the effect of inclusion of different AgMBG contents (5, 10, and 20 wt%) on physicochemical and biological properties of pure POC elastomer was evaluated. Results indicated that AgMBG particles were uniformly dispersed in the POC matrix and increasing the AgMBG concentration into POC matrix up to 20 wt% enhanced thermal behaviour, mechanical properties and water uptake ability of the composite scaffolds compared to those from POC. The 20%AgMBG/POC additionally showed higher degradation rate in Tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane-HCl (Tris-HCl) compared with pure POC and lost about 26% of its initial weight after soaking for 28 days.

Differential expression of the receptors for thyroid hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, vitamin D and retinoic acid and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in uterus of rats under influence of sex-steroids.

Unlabelled: Sex-steroids play important role in modulating uterine functions. We hypothesized that these hormones affect expression of proteins in the uterus related to thyroid hormone action. Therefore, changes in expression levels of receptors for thyroid hormone (TRα-1 and TRβ-1), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSHR), vitamin D (VDR) and retinoid acid (RAR) as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in uterus were investigated under sex-steroid influence.

Routine measurements of cord arterial blood lactate levels in infants delivering at term and prediction of neonatal outcome.

Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate the relationship between umbilical cord arterial blood lactate levels with acid base balance to the mode of delivery and short-term neonatal outcome in a large multiracial population delivering at term in University of Malaya Medical Centre.

Materials And Methods: Two thousand two hundred and twelve patients of more than 37 weeks of gestation with singleton, liveborn infants with no major anomalies delivering between January 2013 to December 2013 were analysed. Lactate was measured by using portable Lactate analyzer that requires 5 μml of blood and provides the result within 1 minute.

Indonesian primary care physicians profile in 2011: Did practicing hours and conversion program for family medicine differentiate their services and continuing medical education activities?

Background: In Indonesia, Family Medicine as a discipline is being developed through short courses since 12 years ago. A conversion program to become Family Physicians has been introduced recently. Among the 70,000 primary care physicians there are variety of practitioners, from new interns who start general practice to senior general practitioners.

Exploring the link between human papilloma virus and oral and oropharyngeal cancers.

Squamous cell carcinoma involving the oral cavity (OC) and oropharynx regions are a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. The recent discovery of a strong association between human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and OC and oropharyngeal (OP) cancer has prompted world-wide research into the exact etiology and pathogenesis of these cancers in relation to the HPV. HPV-positive OC/OP cancers generally present at a relatively advanced stage (by virtue of cervical nodal involvement) and are more commonly seen in younger patients without significant exposure to alcohol or tobacco.

Congenital vallecular cyst with polydactyly - A rare cause of stridor and failure to thrive.

Congenital vallecular cyst is an uncommon, benign but potentially dangerous condition causing respiratory distress and stridor. It is associated with sudden upper airway obstruction resulting in death due to its anatomical location in neonates and infants. We reported a rare case of 2 months old male infant presented with respiratory obstruction with failure to thrive with polydactyly (rarest finding) and managed timely with appropriate surgical marsupialization.

Effect of ferrule height and glass fibre post length on fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of ferrule height and post length on fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth restored with glass fibre posts, composite resin cores and crowns. Ninety human maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated and divided into three groups (n = 30) according to the ferrule heights: 4, 2 and 0 mm, respectively. Post spaces in each group were prepared at 2/3, 1/2 and 1/3 of the root length (n = 10).

HIV transmission through breastmilk: the science behind the understanding of current trends and future research.

Breastmilk protects the infant from many diseases and many short- term and long- term benefits accrue. At the same time it is also known that breastfeeding acts as a vehicle for some infective agents. It is now accepted that breastmilk transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus- 1 (HIV-1) is an important mode of paediatric infection .

The importance of breastfeeding in rotaviral diarrhoeas.

Globally, rotaviral vaccines in use today have contributed to the reduction of the incidence of rotaviral diarrhoeas. Despite the substantial protection conferred by the current vaccines against the rotaviral strains, it is only prudent to recognise that other protective factors, like breastfeeding, also provide some degree of protection against this disease. This article has attempted to review some important mechanisms of protection in breast milk against the rotaviruses and highlight the oft forgotten non-immunoglobulin fraction in breast milk as an additional tool of protection against rotavirus disease.

Evaluation of maxillary anterior teeth and their relation to the golden proportion in Malaysian population.

Background: The maxillary anterior teeth are important in achieving pleasing dental aesthetics. Various methods are used to measure the size and form of them, including the golden proportion between their perceived widths, and the width-to-height ratio, referred to as the golden standard. The purpose of this study was conducted to evaluate whether consistent relationships exist between tooth width and height of the clinical crown dimensions; and to investigate the occurrence of the golden proportion of the maxillary anterior teeth.

Use of local sliding flaps to manage deep localized burns of the hand.

The incidence of hand burns in children is high. In the overall cases of body burns, hand and wrist burns account for about 39%. They may constitute a part of a larger burn of the body, or an isolated injury of the hand and wrist.

Proposals for the mitigation of the environmental impact of clinical laboratories.

Laboratories should be aware of the carbon footprint resulting from their activities and take steps to mitigate it as part of their societal responsibilities. Once committed to a mitigation programme, they should announce an environmental policy, secure the support of senior management, initiate documentation, institute a staff training programme, schedule environmental audits and appoint an environmental manager. Laboratories may aspire to be accredited to one of the standards for environmental management, such as the ISO 14000.

Gender difference in academic performance of nursing students in a Malaysian university college.

Purpose: To examine differences in academic performance between male and female nursing students, and to identify whether professional identity and language usage were explanatory factors of academic performance.

Background: Although the numbers of men entering the nursing profession are increasing, societal stereotypes and the lack of male role models in nursing may have a negative impact on motivation, and hence, academic performance.

Methods: A total of 147 students who were enrolled in an undergraduate nursing programme in Peninsula Malaysia were surveyed in January 2011.

Drug-induced hepatotoxicity in a tertiary care hospital in rural South India.

Background: Liver is the main organ for metabolism of drugs and hepatotoxicity is a potential adverse effect for most drugs.

Aims: This study was to study the frequency of drug-induced hepatotoxicity and to find the common drugs causing hepatotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in rural India.

Breastfeeding--anti-viral potential and relevance to the influenza virus pandemic.

Essential nutritive and immunological ingredients abundantly present in breastmilk make it the choice infant nutrition. The uniqueness of mother's milk, in contrast to most therapeutics and immunizations, lies in its potential to adapt itself to the requirements of the infant so that timely immune defenses are tapped from its constituents by immune regulation, modulation and immune acceleration to stimulate novel substances; these render it pertinent as defense when faced with challenging organisms. While it is appreciated that immunity can be transferred from mother to infant through breastmilk following maternal influenza vaccination, the immense benefits conferred by breastfeeding per se during influenza pandemics may not be fully valued.