Novel preparation of laponite based theranostic silver nanocomposite for drug delivery, radical scavenging and healing efficiency for wound care management after surgery.

In this work, laponite (LAP) was used to develop the silver (Ag) based nanocomposite for improved anti-bacterial action and wound healing properties. The amphiphilic co-polymers such as PLGA polymer was embedded with the surface of LAP molecules and polyethyleneimine (PEI) through the interaction of hydrophobic binding and it was formed as LAP/PLA-PEG/PEI formulation through the coupling chemistry. The Ag nanoparticles was loaded into formulation to develop LAP/PLA-PEG/PEI/Ag nanocomposite and characterized by different analytical techniques.

Vascularized composite allograft deceased donation in the United States.

Vascularized composite allograft (VCA) transplantation represents a significant advancement in reconstructive surgery and offers hope to individuals who experienced congenital disorders or severe tissue injuries to restore physical appearance, function, and enhance quality of life. VCA recovery introduces complexities to conventional solid organ recovery, and there remain concerns regarding the potential impact of VCA recovery on non-VCA organs for transplant. The current retrospective study examines deceased donor characteristics and observed-to-expected (O/E) organ yield ratios for 51 VCA donors recovered in the US between July 4, 2014 and March 31, 2024, compared with a contemporary cohort of non-VCA donors recovered in 2023.

Circulating proliferative factors versus portal inflow redistribution: mechanistic insights of ALPPS-derived rapid liver regeneration.

Background: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) can induce accelerated regeneration of future liver remnant (FLR) and effectively reduce the occurrence of liver failure due to insufficient FLR after hepatectomy, thereby increasing the probability of radical resection for previously inoperable patients with liver cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which ALPPS accelerates liver regeneration remains elusive.

Methods: A review of the literature was performed utilizing MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases in March of 2024.

REV7: a small but mighty regulator of genome maintenance and cancer development.

REV7, also known as MAD2B, MAD2L2, and FANCV, is a HORMA-domain family protein crucial to multiple genome stability pathways. REV7's canonical role is as a member of polymerase ζ, a specialized translesion synthesis polymerase essential for DNA damage tolerance. REV7 also ensures accurate cell cycle progression and prevents premature mitotic progression by sequestering an anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome activator.

Receptor activity-modifying protein 1 regulates the differentiation of mouse skin fibroblasts by downregulating α-SMA expression via suppression of high mobility group AT-hook 1 to promote skin wound repair.

Background: Skin innervation is very important for normal wound healing, and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) has been reported to modulate calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor function and thus be a potential treatment target. This study aimed to elucidate the intricate regulatory effect of RAMP1 on skin fibroblast function, thereby addressing the existing knowledge gap in this area.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to measure the dynamic changes in the expression of RAMP1 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in skin wound tissue in mice.

Associations of Concordant and Shared Lung Cancer Screening Decision Making with Decisional Conflict: A Multi-Institution Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Unlabelled: Many organizations recommend structured communication processes, including formal shared decision making (SDM), for patients undergoing lung cancer screening (LCS) using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT). We sought to understand if concordant and shared LCS decision making was associated with decisional conflict. In this prospective, observational study, we enrolled patients from 3 medical centers (2 Veterans Health Administration, 1 academic facility) after a decision-making interaction about undergoing LCS but before receiving the LDCT.

Colostrum feeding practice and associated factors among mothers who come for postnatal care to Asella referral and teaching hospital, Arsi Zone, South-East Ethiopia.

Background: Every day throughout the world more than 4,000 infants and young children die because colostrum feeding was not initiated within an hour of birth as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO)/United Nations Children's Fund. Even though breastfeeding is common in Ethiopia, the widespread belief that colostrum feeding causes morbidity and mortality among neonates still exists.

Objective: To assess the colostrum feeding practice and It's associated factors among mothers who come for Post-natal care at Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, Asella Town, Southeast Ethiopia from November 20, 2023, to January 25, 2024.

Case report: A case of severe lower limb necrotizing fasciitis caused by an insulin injection has been reported.

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare but life-threatening soft tissue infection, often accompanied by severe systemic toxicity. Early detection and prompt treatment are critical for survival. We report a case of NF in a 53-year-old diabetic woman following a subcutaneous insulin injection in the thigh.

Physical cardiac rehabilitation effects on cardio-metabolic outcomes in the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review aimed to review existing evidence to evaluate the effects of physical cardiac rehabilitation on cardio-pulmonary outcomes in the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The initial search led to 1222 citations after removing duplicate results.

The topography of nullomer-emerging mutations and their relevance to human disease.

Nullomers are short DNA sequences (11-18 base pairs) that are absent from a genome; however, they can emerge due to mutations. Here, we characterize all possible putative human nullomer-emerging single base pair mutations, population variants and disease-causing mutations. We find that the primary determinants of nullomer emergence in the human genome are the presence of CpG dinucleotides and methylated cytosines.

Strategies for specific multimodal imaging of cancer-associated fibroblasts and applications in theranostics of cancer.

Fibroblast activating protein (FAP) is up-regulated in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of more than 90 % of tumor microenvironment and also highly expressed on the surface of multiple tumor cells like glioblastoma, which can be used as a specific target for tumor diagnosis and treatment. At present, small-molecule radiotracer targeting FAP with high specificity exhibit limited functionality, which hinders the integration of theranostics as well as multifunctionality. In this work, we have engineered a multifunctional nanoplatform utilizing organic melanin nanoparticles that specifically targets FAP, facilitating both multimodal imaging and synergistic therapeutic applications.

Shifting Paradigms: A Deep Dive Into Public Perceptions of Gender-affirming Surgery.

Background: Given the growing demand for gender-affirming surgery (GAS) in recent years, it is essential to explore the public perceptions of GAS. Understanding the public's opinions and attitudes toward GAS will provide valuable insights for shaping educational initiatives to enhance public knowledge and awareness.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used the Prolific Academic platform to distribute an online survey among adult participants residing in the United States in August 2023.

Does social support improve self-management among rural hypertensive patients? An empirical analysis based on generalized propensity score matching.

Background: This study aimed to examine the causal effect between perceived social support and self-management in rural patients with hypertension and to provide a basis for improving self-management.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,091 rural hypertensive patients in Shanxi Province was conducted from March through June 2022 to analyze the factors influencing social support as well as the causal effects of social support and self-management using generalized propensity score matching.

Results: Rural hypertensive patients had a low level of social support (social support score = 0.

The correlation between heavy metal ions in blood and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease from 1999 to 2018 based on NHANES data.

Background: Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis (MASLD) is a growing public health concern, with environmental factors potentially playing a role in its development. This study aimed to investigate the associations between serum cadmium and mercury levels and the risk of MASLD in a nationally representative sample from the United States.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2018 were analyzed.

Integrating deep learning in public health: a novel approach to PICC-RVT risk assessment.

Background: Machine learning is pivotal for predicting Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter-related venous thrombosis (PICC-RVT) risk, facilitating early diagnosis and proactive treatment. Existing models often assess PICC-RVT risk as static and discrete outcomes, which may limit their practical application.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of seven diverse machine learning algorithms, including three deep learning and four traditional machine learning models, that incorporate time-series data to assess PICC-RVT risk.

Tuberculosis disease burden in China: a spatio-temporal clustering and prediction study.

Introduction: The primary aim of this study is to investigate and predict the prevalence and determinants of tuberculosis disease burden in China. Leveraging high-quality data sources and employing a methodologically rigorous approach, the study endeavors to enhance our understanding of tuberculosis control efforts across different regions of China. First, through nationwide spatio-temporal cluster analysis, we summarized the status of tuberculosis burden in various regions of China and explore the differences, thereby providing a basis for formulating more targeted tuberculosis prevention and control policies in different regions; Subsequently, using a time series-based forecasting model, we conducted the first-ever national tuberculosis burden trend forecast to offer scientific guidance for timely adjustments in planning and resource allocation.

Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Pubertal Timing: The Contribution of Genes Associated With Central Precocious Puberty.

Human puberty is a dynamic biological process determined by the increase in the pulsatile secretion of GnRH triggered by distinct factors not fully understood. Current knowledge reveals fine tuning between an increase in stimulatory factors and a decrease in inhibitory factors, where genetic and epigenetic factors have been indicated as key players in the regulation of puberty onset by distinct lines of evidence. Central precocious puberty (CPP) results from the premature reactivation of pulsatile secretion of GnRH.

Anthropogenic Disturbance and Climate Change Impacts on the Suitable Habitat of in China.

Estimating the impacts of anthropogenic activities and climate change on species' spatial distributions is crucial for conservation. In this study, based on 62 valid occurrence records of and 24 environmental factors (19 climate factors, 4 topographic factors, and 1 human activity factor), we utilized the biomod2 combined model platform to predict suitable habitats for under two current scenarios (Scenario 1: natural state; Scenario 2: human interference state) and two future climate scenarios (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.

Potential biomarkers for cerebral small vessel disease with cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common factor in age-related diseases such as stroke and dementia, and about half of dementia patients worldwide are caused by CSVD. CSVD-related cognitive impairment (CSVD-CI) affects more and more elderly people, resulting in economic losses and burdens on families and society. In recent years, circulating biomarkers have made breakthroughs and played an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, progression, and prognosis of CSVD-associated cognitive impairment, and are expected to be applied to the early clinical detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with cerebral small vessel disease.

Efficacy of fermented foods in irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Fermented foods (FFs) may theoretically benefit irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms, but the role of FFs for IBS patients in the real world is inconsistent and has not been systematically assessed. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine this issue.

Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to August 2024.

Plasma Epstein-Barr Virus DNA load for diagnostic and prognostic assessment in intestinal Epstein-Barr Virus infection.

Background: The prospective application of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load as a noninvasive measure of intestinal EBV infection remains unexplored. This study aims to identify ideal threshold levels for plasma EBV DNA loads in the diagnosis and outcome prediction of intestinal EBV infection, particularly in cases of primary intestinal lymphoproliferative diseases and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were examined to determine suitable thresholds for plasma EBV DNA load in diagnosing intestinal EBV infection and predicting its prognosis.

Application of efgartigimod in Chinese patients with myasthenia gravis: a single-center real-world prospective study.

Background: China has a large number of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients, creating an urgent need for rapid and tolerable treatment options. As the first-approved Fc receptor antagonist, efgartigimod has bright prospects for treating MG. However, real-world evidence on its application within the Chinese MG population are limited.

Real-world evaluation of select adverse drug reactions and healthcare utilization associated with parenteral Ibuprofen and ketorolac in adult and pediatric patients.

Introduction: Intravenous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in healthcare settings, but their comparative safety and resource utilization impacts remain understudied. This study aimed to compare adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) between patients receiving IV-ibuprofen versus IV/IM ketorolac.

Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis was conducted using an all-payer database, examining records from January 1, 2014, to June 3, 2023.