Mapping the Landscape of Digital Health Intervention Strategies: 25-Year Synthesis.

Background: Digital health interventions have emerged as promising tools to promote health behavior change and improve health outcomes. However, a comprehensive synthesis of strategies contributing to these interventions is lacking.

Objective: This study aims to (1) identify and categorize the strategies used in digital health interventions over the past 25 years; (2) explore the differences and changes in these strategies across time periods, countries, populations, delivery methods, and senders; and (3) serve as a valuable reference for future researchers and practitioners to improve the effectiveness of digital health interventions.

Studying the Digital Intervention Engagement-Mediated Relationship Between Intrapersonal Measures and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence in Sexual and Gender Minority Youth: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Improving adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) via digital health interventions (DHIs) for young sexual and gender minority men who have sex with men (YSGMMSM) is promising for reducing the HIV burden. Measuring and achieving effective engagement (sufficient to solicit PrEP adherence) in YSGMMSM is challenging.

Objective: This study is a secondary analysis of the primary efficacy randomized controlled trial (RCT) of Prepared, Protected, Empowered (P3), a digital PrEP adherence intervention that used causal mediation to quantify whether and to what extent intrapersonal behavioral, mental health, and sociodemographic measures were related to effective engagement for PrEP adherence in YSGMMSM.

Increased clonal hematopoiesis in long-term survivors of pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation.

In pediatric hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients, transplanted donor cells may need to function far beyond normal human lifespan. Here, we investigated the risk of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in 144 pediatric long-term HCT survivors and 258 non-transplanted controls. CH was detected in 16% of HCT recipients and 8% of controls, at variant allele frequencies (VAFs) of 0.

Intra-Arterial Tenecteplase Following Endovascular Reperfusion for Large Vessel Occlusion Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-TNK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The impact of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase administration following near-complete to complete reperfusion by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke is unknown.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of adjunctive intra-arterial tenecteplase in patients with large vessel occlusion stroke who had achieved near-complete to complete reperfusion (defined as a score on the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] scale of 2c to 3) after EVT.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Investigator-initiated, randomized, open-label, blinded outcome assessment trial implemented at 34 hospitals in China among 540 patients with stroke due to proximal intracranial large vessel occlusion within 24 hours of the time they were last known to be well, with an eTICI score of 2c to 3 after EVT, and without prior intravenous thrombolysis.

Intra-Arterial Urokinase After Endovascular Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The POST-UK Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Persisting or new thrombi in the distal arteries and the microcirculation have been reported to limit the benefits of successful endovascular thrombectomy for patients with acute ischemic stroke. It remains uncertain whether intra-arterial thrombolysis by urokinase following near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy improves outcomes among patients with ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and adverse events of intra-arterial urokinase after near-complete to complete reperfusion by thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion.

Manipulation of Surface Spin Configurations for Enhanced Performance in Oxygen Evolution Reactions.

studies of the relationship between surface spin configurations and spin-related electrocatalytic reactions are crucial for understanding how magnetic catalysts enhance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance under magnetic fields. In this work, 2D FeSe nanosheets with rich surface spin configurations are synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. magnetic force microscopy and Raman spectroscopy reveal that a 200 mT magnetic field eliminates spin-disordered domain walls, forming a spin-ordered single-domain structure, which lowers the OER energy barrier, as confirmed by theoretical calculations.

Safety and Efficacy of IV Onasemnogene Abeparvovec for Pediatric Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: The Phase 3b SMART Study.

Background And Objectives: Safety and efficacy of IV onasemnogene abeparvovec has been demonstrated for patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) weighing <8.5 kg. SMART was the first clinical trial to evaluate onasemnogene abeparvovec for participants weighing 8.

Electrodeposited Nitrate-Intercalated NiFeCe-Based (Oxy)hydroxide Heterostructure as a Competent Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting.

Electrochemical water splitting is a promising method for the generation of "green hydrogen", a renewable and sustainable energy source. However, the complex, multistep synthesis processes, often involving hazardous or expensive chemicals, limit its broader adoption. Herein, a nitrate (NO) anion-intercalated nickel-iron-cerium mixed-metal (oxy)hydroxide heterostructure electrocatalyst is fabricated on nickel foam (NiFeCeOH@NF) via a simple electrodeposition method followed by cyclic voltammetry activation to enhance its surface properties.

Incidence and Prevalence of Post-COVID-19 Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: A Report from the Observational RECOVER-Adult Study.

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) may occur after infection. How often people develop ME/CFS after SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown.

Objective: To determine the incidence and prevalence of post-COVID-19 ME/CFS among adults enrolled in the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER-Adult) study.

Back pain disability and PROMIS scores in children with hyperkyphosis are worse than children with idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: To compare health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) between children with hyperkyphosis and idiopathic scoliosis using 9-item Oswestry Disability Index (ODI-9) and Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pain Interference, Mobility, and Anxiety.

Methods: Children with hyperkyphosis, idiopathic scoliosis, and controls with no structural diagnosis ages 10-18 years who completed the PROMIS Pediatric Pain Interference, Mobility, and Anxiety domains were retrospectively evaluated from April 2021 to June 2023. Comparisons were made between hyperkyphosis, idiopathic scoliosis, and control groups.

Association of Sleep Spindle Rate With Memory Consolidation in Children With Rolandic Epilepsy.

Background And Objectives: Rolandic epilepsy (RE), the most common childhood focal epilepsy syndrome, is characterized by a transient period of sleep-activated epileptiform activity in the centrotemporal regions and variable cognitive deficits. Sleep spindles are prominent thalamocortical brain oscillations during sleep that have been mechanistically linked to sleep-dependent memory consolidation in animal models and healthy controls. Sleep spindles are decreased in RE and related sleep-activated epileptic encephalopathies.

Integrating machine learning with mendelian randomization for unveiling causal gene networks in glioblastoma multiforme.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain cancer with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Despite advances in understanding its molecular mechanisms, effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive due to the tumor's genetic complexity and heterogeneity.

Methods: This study employed a comprehensive analysis approach integrating 113 machine learning algorithms with Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the molecular underpinnings of GBM.

Indoor Air Quality in Multi-Family Housing: Drivers and Interventions.

Purpose Of Review: Indoor air pollution is likely to be elevated in multi-family housing and to contribute to health disparities, but limited studies to date have systematically considered the empirical evidence for exposure differentials between multi-family and single-family housing. Our goal is to separately examine the drivers of residential indoor air pollution, including outdoor air pollution, ventilation and filtration, indoor sources, and occupant activity patterns, using secondhand smoke as a case study to examine the behavioral dimensions of indoor environmental interventions.

Recent Findings: Within studies published from 2018 to 2023, multi-family homes have higher average outdoor air pollution than single-family homes given their more frequent presence in urban and near-roadway settings.

A Chromatography Test Strip of Exonuclease III-Amplified Aptamer for Rapid Identification of Prorocentrum minimum.

Recently, the scale and frequency of harmful algae blooms (HABs) have gradually increased, posing a serious threat to human health, marine ecosystems and economic development. For early warning, a method is required that can quickly detect and monitor microalgae. It is proposed to use aptamer targeted to Prorocentrum minimum, along with exonuclease III (Exo III), gold nanoparticles, target single-stranded DNA and hairpin structure probe to construct a new method, i.

PARADIGM-PV: a randomized, multicenter phase 4 study to assess the efficacy and safety of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in patients with low- or high-risk polycythemia vera.

Polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by clonal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells with constitutively active somatic mutation(s) in the Janus kinase 2 gene. Phlebotomy (Phl) and aspirin are often used alone for low-risk PV patients. However, data from the Low-PV study demonstrated that Phl and aspirin may not be adequate for patients.

Larry l. Jacoby (1944-2024).

Memorializes Larry L. Jacoby (1944-2024), a pioneering cognitive psychologist, who passed away in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on March 15, 2024. Jacoby earned his undergraduate degree at Washburn University, where he took pride in being a football lineman and met his lifelong partner, Carole.

Allen E. Bergin (1934-2024).

Memorializes Allen E. Bergin, a leading pioneer in psychotherapy outcome research and cofounder of the Society of Psychotherapy Research, who died at home in St. George, Utah, on February 15, 2024.

TAK-925 (danavorexton), an Orexin Receptor 2 Agonist, Reduces Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression and Sedation Without Affecting Analgesia in Healthy Adult Males.

Background: Orexin neuropeptides help regulate sleep/wake states, respiration, and pain. However, their potential role in regulating breathing, particularly in perioperative settings, is not well understood. TAK-925 (danavorexton), a novel, orexin receptor 2-selective agonist, directly activates neurons associated with respiratory control in the brain and improves respiratory parameters in rodents undergoing fentanyl-induced sedation.

Preliminary Development and Validation of Automated Nociception Recognition Using Computer Vision in Perioperative Patients.

Background: Effective pain recognition and treatment in perioperative environments reduce length of stay and decrease risk of delirium and chronic pain. We sought to develop and validate preliminary computer vision-based approaches for nociception detection in hospitalized patients.

Methods: Prospective observational cohort study using red-green-blue camera detection of perioperative patients.

Effectiveness of Psychological Interventions in Improving Relationship Functioning Among Couples Coping With Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: There is an increasing amount of literature acknowledging the significance of addressing the psychosocial impact of prostate cancer (PCa) on couples' relationship functioning and well-being. However, research on developing and evaluating psychological interventions for individuals and couples coping with PCa remains limited. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate and synthesise the effectiveness of psychological interventions in improving the relationship functioning of couples affected by PCa and to identify the moderating role of several methodological characteristics of intervention studies.

Nano-confined Si@C composites with excellent lithium-ion storage performance derived from a POSS-based covalent framework and low-temperature reduction method.

Silicon-based anode materials experience significant volume changes and low conductivity during the lithiation process, which severely hinders their successful application in lithium-ion batteries. Reducing the size of silicon particles and effectively combining them with carbon-based materials are considered the main strategies to enhance the lithium-ion storage performance of silicon-based anodes. In this study, we employed a "bottom-up" strategy to synthesize Si@C anode materials by cross-linking octa-aminopropyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (NH-POSS) with terephthalaldehyde and subsequent high-temperature treatment and low-temperature liquid reduction.

Dextran stabilised hematite: a sustainable anode in aqueous electrolytes.

During the last decades, the use of innovative hybrid materials in energy storage devices has led to notable advances in the field. However, further enhancement of their electrochemical performance faces significant challenges nowadays, imposed by the materials used in the electrodes and the electrolyte. Such problems include the high solubility of both the organic and the inorganic anode components in the electrolyte as well as the limited intrinsic electronic conductivity and substantial volume variation of the materials during cycling.