Conceptual rationale for the use of chemically modified nanocomposites for active influence on atherosclerosis using the greater omentum model of experimental animals.

The use of chemically modified nanocomposites for atherosclerotic plaques can open up new opportunities for studying their effect on changing the structure of the plaque itself. It was shown on the model of the greater omentum of two groups of experimental animals (rats n = 30), which were implanted with Fe@C NPs nanocomposites of 10-30 Nm size into the omentum area. Group 1 (n = 15) consisted of animals that were implanted with chemically modified Fe@C NPs nanocomposites and control group 2 (n = 15) was with non-modified Fe@C NPs nanocomposites.

Transformation of the crystal structure of NiTiSe under heating.

The crystal structure of the NiTiSe compound has been studied in the temperature range of 25-1000 °C using synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction. The previously known order-disorder transition in the Ni sublattice at ∼100 °C was found to be a second-order phase transition and belongs to the 3D Ising universality class. Reversible extraction of nickel selenides was observed in the temperature range of 275-975 °C.

Charge carrier transport in PbS films doped with iodine.

The results of the measurements of electrical and Hall resistivities on polycrystalline PbS films doped with iodine obtained through hydrochemical deposition are presented. The analysis of the temperature dependence of resistivity points out the crossover from the hopping mechanism due to thermal delocalization in the impurity band to the variable range hopping mechanism. The increase in the iodine content in the films leads to an increase in the impurity ionization energy.

Lithium isotope tracing in silicon-based electrodes using solid-state MAS NMR: a powerful comprehensive tool for the characterization of lithium batteries.

The introduction of lithiated components with different Li/Li isotopic ratios, also called isotopic tracing, can give access to better understanding of lithium transport and lithiation processes in lithium-ion batteries. In this work, we propose a simple methodology based on high-resolution solid-state NMR for the determination of the Li/Li ratio in silicon electrodes following different strategies of isotopic tracing. The Li and Li MAS NMR experiments allow obtaining resolved spectra whose spectral components can be assigned to different moieties of the materials.

Characteristic Length for Pinning Force Density in NbSn.

The pinning force density, Fp, is one of the main parameters that characterize the resilience of a superconductor to carrying a dissipative-free transport current in an applied magnetic field. Kramer (1973) and Dew-Hughes (1974) proposed a widely used scaling law for this quantity, where one of the parameters is the pinning force density maximum, Fp,max, which represents the maximal performance of a given superconductor in an applied magnetic field at a given temperature. Since the late 1970s to the present, several research groups have reported experimental data on the dependence of Fp,max on the average grain size, d, in NbSn-based conductors.

Intrinsic Coherence Length Anisotropy in Nickelates and Some Iron-Based Superconductors.

Nickelate superconductors, RANiO (where R is a rare earth metal and A = Sr, Ca), experimentally discovered in 2019, exhibit many unexplained mysteries, such as the existence of a superconducting state with (up to 18 K) in thin films and yet absent in bulk materials. Another unexplained mystery of nickelates is their temperature-dependent upper critical field, Bc2(T), which can be nicely fitted to two-dimensional (2D) models; however, the deduced film thickness, dsc,GL, exceeds the physical film thickness, dsc, by a manifold. To address the latter, it should be noted that 2D models assume that dsc is less than the in-plane and out-of-plane ground-state coherence lengths, dsc<ξab(0) and dsc<ξc(0), respectively, and, in addition, that the inequality ξc(0)<ξab(0) satisfies.

Magnetocaloric Effect, Structure, Spinodal Decomposition and Phase Transformations Heusler Alloy Ni-Mn-In.

NiMnIn (close to 2-1-1 system) Heusler alloy was studied by magnetization measurement dependence on the temperature in magnetic fields of up to 13.5 T. The magnetocaloric effect measured by the direct method in quasi-adiabatic conditions showed a maximum value of ∆T = -4.

Quantifying Nonadiabaticity in Major Families of Superconductors.

The classical Bardeen−Cooper−Schrieffer and Eliashberg theories of the electron−phonon-mediated superconductivity are based on the Migdal theorem, which is an assumption that the energy of charge carriers, kBTF, significantly exceeds the phononic energy, ℏωD, of the crystalline lattice. This assumption, which is also known as adiabatic approximation, implies that the superconductor exhibits fast charge carriers and slow phonons. This picture is valid for pure metals and metallic alloys because these superconductors exhibit ℏωDkBTF<0.

The Compliance of the Upper Critical Field in Magic-Angle Multilayer Graphene with the Pauli Limit.

The Pauli limiting field represents a fundamental magnetic field at which the superconducting state collapses due to the spin-paramagnetic Cooper pair-breaking effect. Cao et al. (Nature 2021, 595, 526) reported that the magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene (MATNG, N = 3) exhibits the upper critical field which exceeds the Pauli limiting field by two to three times.

New TEMPO-Appended 2,2'-Bipyridine-Based Eu(III), Tb(III), Gd(III) and Sm(III) Complexes: Synthesis, Photophysical Studies and Testing Photoluminescence-Based Bioimaging Abilities.

Linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloids and -protein are known to contain a large number of cysteine (Cys) residues. In addition, certain levels of some common biogenic thiols (cysteine (Cys), homocysteine (Hcy), glutathione (GSH), etc.) in biological fluids are closely related to AD as well as other diseases.

The Microwave Absorption in Composites with Finemet Alloy Particles and Carbon Nanotubes.

The absorption of waves of the centimeter and millimeter wavebands in composites with Finemet alloy particles and carbon nanotubes has been studied. It has been established that ferromagnetic resonance and antiresonance are observed in such composites. A method is proposed for calculating the effective dynamic magnetic permeability of a composite containing both a random distribution of ferromagnetic particles and a part of the particles oriented in the same way.

Positive longitudinal magnetoconductivity induced by chiral magnetic effect in mercury selenide.

A negative longitudinal magnetoresistance without any sign of saturation was found in a non-centrosymmetric Weyl semimetal (WSM) candidate mercury selenide in an electron concentration range of 5.5 × 10-1.7 × 10cmand a temperature range of 0.

Effect of Cu Intercalation Layer on the Enhancement of Spin-to-Charge Conversion in Py/Cu/BiSe.

The spin-to-charge conversion in Permalloy (Py)/Cu/BiSe is tunable by changing the Cu layer thickness. The conversion rate was studied using the spin pumping technique. The inverse Edelstein effect (IEE) length λ is found to increase up to ~2.

Advances in Magnetic Nanocomposites: A New Open Special Issue in .

Carbon-based nanomaterials are crucial for most branches of modern technology [...

Crystallographic Features of Phase Transformations during the Continuous Cooling of a Ti6Al4V Alloy from the Single-Phase β-Region.

Crystallographic relationships between α- and β-phases resulting from phase transformations, which took place during the continuous water quenching (WQ), air cooling (AC) and furnace cooling (FC) of a Ti6Al4V plates solution treated at 1065 °C, were investigated by methods of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). WQ, AC and FC resulted in typical martensite, basket-weave and parallel-plate Widmanstatten structures, respectively. The experimental distribution of α/β-misorientations deviated from BOR at set discrete angles close to 22, 30, 35 and 43°.

Effect of Chemically Modified Carbon-Coated Iron Nanoparticles on the Structure of Human Atherosclerotic Plaques Ex Vivo and on Adipose Tissue in Chronic Experiment In Vivo.

The high mortality rate caused by atherosclerosis makes it necessary to constantly search for new and better treatments. In previous reports, chemically modified carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (Fe@C NPs) have been demonstrated a high biocompatibility and promising anti-plaque properties. To further investigate these effects, the interaction of these nanoparticles with the adipose tissue of Wistar rats (in vivo) and human atherosclerotic plaques (ex vivo) was studied.

Magnetic and Microwave Properties of Nanocomposites Containing Iron Particles Encapsulated in Carbon.

The magnetic and microwave properties of nanocomposites containing iron particles encapsulated in a carbon shell (Fe@C), as well as carbon nanotubes (CNT), have been experimentally studied. The examination of magnetic properties of composites shows that the materials under study contain a ferromagnetic component. The availability of ferromagnetic ordering for the dielectric matrix-based nanocomposite sample with Fe@C particles has been confirmed by the measurement results of the transmission and the reflection coefficients of the microwaves, since the ferromagnetic resonance has been observed.

The influence of iodide addition on the composition, morphology, crystal structure, and semiconductor and photoelectric properties of PbS films.

The concentration conditions for the deposition of lead sulfide and hydroxide in a citrate-ammonia reaction system by varying the pH value and the concentration of the ammonium iodide dopant are calculated. Kinetic studies of the process of conversion of lead salt into sulfide by varying the concentration of NHI in solution within the range of 0.0-0.

Pressure-induced high-spin/low-spin disproportionated state in the Mott insulator FeBO.

The pressure-induced Mott insulator-to-metal transitions are often accompanied by a collapse of magnetic interactions associated with delocalization of 3d electrons and high-spin to low-spin (HS-LS) state transition. Here, we address a long-standing controversy regarding the high-pressure behavior of an archetypal Mott insulator FeBO and show the insufficiency of a standard theoretical approach assuming a conventional HS-LS transition for the description of the electronic properties of the Mott insulators at high pressures. Using high-resolution x-ray diffraction measurements supplemented by Mössbauer spectroscopy up to pressures ~ 150 GPa, we document an unusual electronic state characterized by a "mixed" HS/LS state with a stable abundance ratio realized in the [Formula: see text] crystal structure with a single Fe site within a wide pressure range of ~ 50-106 GPa.

Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Fe-Doped Hexagonal MnNiGe.

We report a comprehensive investigation of MnNiFeGe Heusler alloy to explore its magnetic, caloric, and electrical transport properties. The alloy undergoes a ferromagnetic transition across ∼ 212 K and a weak-antiferromagnetic transition across ∼ 180 K followed by a spin-glass transition below ∼ 51.85 K.

Verwey-Type Charge Ordering and Site-Selective Mott Transition in FeO under Pressure.

The metal-insulator transition driven by electronic correlations is one of the most fundamental concepts in condensed matter. In mixed-valence compounds, this transition is often accompanied by charge ordering (CO), resulting in the emergence of complex phases and unusual behaviors. The famous example is the archetypal mixed-valence mineral magnetite, FeO, exhibiting a complex charge-ordering below the Verwey transition, whose nature has been a subject of long-time debates.