Microfragmented Adipose Tissue Has No Advantage Over Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Marrow Aspirate Injections for Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Microfragmented adipose tissue has been proposed for intra-articular treatment of knee osteoarthritis. There are little data comparing the outcomes of treatment between microfragmented adipose tissue and other biological treatments.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing microfragmented aspirated fat injections to other orthobiologics, hyaluronic acid, and corticosteroid injections for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.

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Aim: describe the epidemiological, clinical, etiological and therapeutic aspects of hypercalcemia seen in the rheumatology department of Cocody University Hospital.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the rheumatology department of Cocody University Hospital from January 2013 to July 2022 and covering the files of patients with hypercalcemia.

Results: The hospital frequency of hypercalcemia was 0.

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Cannabidiol, Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, and Their Metabolites in Healthy Adults After Administration by Multiple Routes.

The two most extensively studied cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are used for myriad conditions. THC is predominantly eliminated via the cytochromes P450 (CYPs), whereas CBD is eliminated through both CYPs and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs). The fractional contributions of these enzymes to cannabinoid metabolism have shown conflicting results among studies.

High-Density Lipoprotein Lipid and Protein Cargo and Cholesterol Efflux Capacity Before and After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is inversely associated with incident cardiovascular events, independent of HDL cholesterol. Obesity is characterized by low HDL cholesterol and impaired HDL function, such as CEC. Bariatric surgery, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), broadly leads to improved cardiovascular outcomes, but impacts on risk factors differ by procedure, with greater improvements in weight loss, blood pressure, and glycemic control after RYGB, but greater improvements in HDL cholesterol and CEC levels after SG.

Aspartate signalling drives lung metastasis via alternative translation.

Lung metastases occur in up to 54% of patients with metastatic tumours. Contributing factors to this high frequency include the physical properties of the pulmonary system and a less oxidative environment that may favour the survival of cancer cells. Moreover, secreted factors from primary tumours alter immune cells and the extracellular matrix of the lung, creating a permissive pre-metastatic environment primed for the arriving cancer cells.

Prevalence of tinea capitis among schoolchildren in Mahajanga, northern Madagascar: An epidemio-clinical survey using conventional, proteomic and molecular approaches.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical, and epidemiological features of tinea capitis (TC) in schoolchildren in Mahajanga city, north-west Madagascar, to identify the etiological dermatophyte species by morphological, proteomic and molecular approaches and ultimately to analyze the risk factors promoting TC in the studied region.

Methods: A survey was conducted in a randomly selected primary school. Symptomatic schoolchildren with signs resembling TC were sampled by scraping and sterile swabbing after examination of the scalp with a Wood's lamp.

Mid- to Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Failure Rates After ALPSA Lesion Repair.

Background: Anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion (ALPSA) lesions are associated with recurrent shoulder instability and higher rates of failure after capsulolabral repair compared with similarly treated Bankart lesions. Although these lesions can portend poor outcomes, there are limited data on the associated conditions and postoperative course in a young, active population.

Purpose: To evaluate the mid- to long-term clinical course and failure rates after ALPSA repairs and assess features associated with these outcomes.

Subtypes of brain change in aging and their associations with cognition and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Structural brain changes underlie cognitive changes and interindividual variability in cognition in older age. By using structural MRI data-driven clustering, we aimed to identify subgroups of cognitively unimpaired older adults based on brain change patterns and assess how changes in cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volume relate to cognitive change. We tested (1) which brain structural changes predict cognitive change (2) whether these are associated with core cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, and (3) the degree of overlap between clusters derived from different structural modalities in 1899 cognitively healthy older adults followed up to 16 years.

Silent brain infarctions in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Background: Silent brain infarctions (SBI) are commonly detected in brain imaging. The association of SBI with rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) is not clearly relevant. Based on magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to describe the prevalence of SBI in patients with rheumatic MS and the cardiac abnormalities related to their occurrence.

More Than the Sum of Its Parts: Disrupted Core Periphery of Multiplex Brain Networks in Multiple Sclerosis.

Disruptions to brain networks, measured using structural (sMRI), diffusion (dMRI), or functional (fMRI) MRI, have been shown in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), highlighting the relevance of regions in the core of the connectome but yielding mixed results depending on the studied connectivity domain. Using a multilayer network approach, we integrated these three modalities to portray an enriched representation of the brain's core-periphery organization and explore its alterations in PwMS. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we selected PwMS and healthy controls with complete multimodal brain MRI acquisitions from 13 European centers within the MAGNIMS network.

SARS-CoV-2 infection of human pluripotent stem cell-derived vascular cells reveals smooth muscle cells as key mediators of vascular pathology during infection.

Although respiratory symptoms are the most prevalent disease manifestation of infection by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), nearly 20% of hospitalized patients are at risk for thromboembolic events. This prothrombotic state is considered a key factor in the increased risk of stroke, which is observed clinically during both acute infection and long after symptoms clear. Here, we develop a model of SARS-CoV-2 infection using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (ECs), pericytes (PCs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to recapitulate the vascular pathology associated with SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

Perioperative Testosterone Supplementation Improves Outcomes of Orthopaedic Surgeries: A Systematic Review of Heterogeneous Studies.

Purpose: To assess the effect of perioperative testosterone supplementation on orthopaedic surgical outcomes.

Methods: Three online databases were searched from database inception until September 2024. Three reviewers independently screened all titles, abstracts, and full texts of articles investigating perioperative testosterone use in orthopaedic surgery.

Organoids, tissue slices and organotypic cultures: Advancing our understanding of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through in vitro and ex vivo models.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst prognoses of all common solid cancers. For the large majority of PDAC patients, only systemic therapies with very limited efficacy are indicated. In addition, immunotherapies have not brought the advances seen in other cancer types.

Barriers to social participation for people with disabilities in NTD-endemic areas of Benin and Côte d'Ivoire: Assessing scope and associated factors.

People with disabilities (PWDs) due to neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) or other causes experience restrictions on social participation (RSPs). This study aimed to investigate the magnitude of these restrictions and associated factors in NTD-endemic communities in Benin and Côte d'Ivoire. This cross-sectional quantitative and qualitative study was conducted from 2021 to 2022 among 841 people with disabilities (PWDs) and 90 community members and stakeholders.

Image-guided percutaneous mesenteric biopsy: diagnostic yield and safety profile.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic yield and safety profile of percutaneous image-guided biopsy of mesenteric lesions.

Materials, Methods, And Procedures: Image-guided percutaneous biopsies of the mesentery at a single institution from 2000 to 2022 were identified and reviewed. Relevant demographic and procedural data were abstracted from the medical record.

Automated Assessment of Pelvic Longitudinal Rotation Using Computer Vision in Canine Hip Dysplasia Screening.

Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) screening relies on accurate positioning in the ventrodorsal hip extended (VDHE) view, as even mild pelvic rotation can affect CHD scoring and impact breeding decisions. This study aimed to assess the association between pelvic rotation and asymmetry in obturator foramina areas (AOFAs) and to develop a computer vision model for automated AOFA measurement. In the first part, 203 radiographs were analyzed to examine the relationship between pelvic rotation, assessed through asymmetry in iliac wing and obturator foramina widths (AOFWs), and AOFAs.

Saliva Proteome, Metabolome and Microbiome Signatures for Detection of Alzheimer's Disease.

As the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) escalates with an ageing population, the demand for early and accessible diagnostic methods becomes increasingly urgent. Saliva, with its non-invasive and cost-effective nature, presents a promising alternative to cerebrospinal fluid and plasma for biomarker discovery. : In this study, we conducted a comprehensive multi-omics analysis of saliva samples ( = 20 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), = 20 Alzheimer's disease and age- and = 40 gender-matched cognitively normal individuals), from the South Australian Neurodegenerative Disease (SAND) cohort, integrating proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiome data with plasma measurements, including pTau181.

Venous Endothelial Cell Transcriptomic Profiling Implicates METAP1 in Preeclampsia.

Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by systemic endothelial dysfunction. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains incompletely understood. This study used human venous endothelial cell (EC) transcriptional profiling to investigate potential novel mechanisms underlying EC dysfunction in preeclampsia.

Etiologic Pattern, Severity, and Outcome of Pericardial Effusion Among Children Seen Over Ten Years at a Tertiary Hospital in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria.

Introduction: Pericardial effusion (PE) is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space, which, if severe, is associated with high mortality. The causes are diverse, including infective and non-infective. Few studies have looked at the spectrum of severity and causes in Northern Nigeria.

Co-stimulating the left vmPFC compensates for apathy after levodopa withdrawal in Parkinson's patients with STN DBS.

Introduction: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) improves motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but its effect on motivation is controversial. Apathy, the lack of motivation, commonly occurs in PD and is often exacerbated after surgery and its concomitant levodopa reduction. Apathy and reward processing are associated with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which standard targeting strategies avoid by targeting the dorsolateral STN.

Cardiovascular-Liver-Metabolic Health: Recommendations in Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Cardiovascular Disease via Modified Delphi Approach.

There is a new awareness of the widespread nature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its connection to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has catalyzed collaboration between cardiologists, hepatologists, endocrinologists, and the wider multidisciplinary team to address the need for earlier identification of those with MASLD who are at increased risk for CVD. The overlap in the pathophysiologic processes and parallel prevalence of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD highlight the multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health.

Part 2: Drug Interactions Involving Cannabis Products in Persons Aged 18 and Over: A Summary of Published Case Reports and Analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

The increasing utilization of cannabis products combined with lack of data regarding potential cannabis-prescription drug interactions is concerning. This study aimed to review published case reports and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) spontaneous reports to assess cannabis-drug interactions in persons aged 18 and over. A literature search identified 20 case reports that were each assessed for drug interaction causality using the Drug Interaction Probability Scale.

Part 1: Evaluation of Pediatric Cannabis-Drug Interaction Reports.

Data addressing safety concerns related to potential drug interactions between cannabis-derived products and pharmaceutical medications in the pediatric population are lacking. In this study, we retrieved case reports through a published literature search using PubMed and spontaneous reporting data using the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to identify potential cannabis- and cannabinoid-drug interactions in individuals younger than 18 years old. To evaluate the published case reports, we used the Drug Interaction Probability Scale (DIPS), a 10-item questionnaire designed to discern the causal relationship between a potential drug interaction and adverse drug reactions (ADRs).