Risk stratification and diagnostic evaluation of patients found to have microscopic hematuria by their primary care providers.

Background: Our goal was to identify, and risk stratify primary care patients with microscopic hematuria (MH), describe the diagnostic evaluations they received, and determine whether the evaluations were consistent with the recommendations of the 2020 AUA/SUFU microscopic hematuria guidelines.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients presenting to primary care clinics with a diagnosis of MH was performed. The patient risk category was determined based on the 2020 AUA/SUFU guidelines.

Leveraging digital tools to enhance diversity and inclusion in clinical trial recruitment.

Clinical research is pivotal in assessing the safety and efficacy of new treatments in healthcare. However, the success of such research depends on the inclusion of a diverse and representative participant sample, which is currently lacking. This lack of diversity in biomedical research participants has significant repercussions, limiting the real-world applicability and accessibility of medical interventions, especially for underrepresented groups.

Differences in Advanced Therapeutic Modalities for Overactive Bladder in the United States by Race.

Objective: To investigate the impact of race on prescription patterns of therapies for overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods: The TriNetX Diamond network was queried to identify adult females with a diagnosis of urinary urgency incontinence (UUI) or OAB, excluding those with stress incontinence or mixed incontinence. Treatments were defined as behavioral, medical, or minimally invasive in accordance with American Urological Association (AUA) guidelines.

Hypertension Severity as Quantified by Hypertension Daily Dose and Blood Pressure With Risk of Stroke in REGARDS.

Background: It is unknown how blood pressure (BP) relates to stroke risk across levels of hypertension daily dose (HDD)-quantified antihypertensive medication intensity.

Methods And Results: The REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) study enrolled 30 239 participants from the 48 contiguous US states in 2003 to 2007 with in-person follow-up in 2013 to 2016 (Visit 2). We included those without prior stroke at Visit 2, treating this visit as T.

The Population-level Effect of Adjuvant Therapies on Breast Cancer Recurrence: Application of the Trend-in-Trend Design.

Purpose: Breast cancer has an average 10-year relative survival reaching 84%. This favorable survival is due, in part, to the introduction of biomarker-guided therapies. We estimated the population-level effect of the introduction of two adjuvant therapies-tamoxifen and trastuzumab-on recurrence using the trend-in-trend pharmacoepidemiologic study design.

Patient Interest in Quadriceps Autograft Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Is Increasing Over Other Autograft Options: A 12-Year Google Trends Analysis.

Purpose: To use Google trends to explore differences in public interest among types of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) autografts, specifically quadriceps tendon, patellar tendon, and hamstring tendon autografts, between 2008 and 2019.

Methods: Data were obtained by querying Google Trends for key terms and phrases for online search data ranging from January 2008 to December 2019. Relative search volumes were created based on searches related to ACL reconstruction with comparative analysis generated for search terms related to quadriceps ACL, patellar tendon ACL, and hamstring ACL autografts.

Improvement Science Increases Routine Lipid Screening in General Pediatric Cardiology.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of patient education, physician counseling, and point-of-care (POC) testing on improving adherence to lipid screening national guidelines in a general pediatric cardiology practice (2017-2023).

Study Design: Regional primary care providers were surveyed regarding lipid screening practices. Key drivers were categorized (physician, patient, and system) with corresponding interventions.

Researching COVID to enhance recovery (RECOVER) pediatric study protocol: Rationale, objectives and design.

Importance: The prevalence, pathophysiology, and long-term outcomes of COVID-19 (post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 [PASC] or "Long COVID") in children and young adults remain unknown. Studies must address the urgent need to define PASC, its mechanisms, and potential treatment targets in children and young adults.

Observations: We describe the protocol for the Pediatric Observational Cohort Study of the NIH's REsearching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Initiative.

Clinical factors associated with patterns of endocrine therapy adherence in premenopausal breast cancer patients.

Introduction: Patients with hormone receptor positive breast cancer are recommended at least five years of adjuvant endocrine therapy, but adherence to this treatment is often suboptimal. We investigated longitudinal trends in adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) adherence among premenopausal breast cancer patients and identified clinical characteristics, including baseline comorbidities and non-cancer chronic medication use, associated with AET adherence.

Methods: We included stage I-III premenopausal breast cancer patients diagnosed during 2002-2011 and registered in the Danish Breast Cancer Group clinical database who initiated AET.

It Is Never Too Early to Start: Educating Health Science Students to Become Future Educators.

Teachers lead, learn, and live as they walk through the journey of education, experiencing humanity in and outside their classrooms. No task is small when it comes to teaching; it is a craftsmanship that takes years to develop, and never too early to get started. In this commentary, the authors extract thoughtful viewpoints from years of teaching experience regarding how to inspire and engage more students to become educators.

Benefits of Implementing Reflex Genomic Analysis for Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Molecular biomarker analysis is standard of care in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pathologist-driven reflex testing protocols are one approach to initiating this analysis. Two years after insourcing genomic analysis at our institution, a reflex testing protocol for advanced NSCLC was initiated.

A novel diagnostic method for a rare fungus: FcMBL facilitates identification in an immunocompromised neonate.

Fungemia negatively impacts patient outcomes, current diagnostics lack sensitivity to identify emerging rare mycoses, and fungal infections are increasing in prevalence, variety, and resistance. We report a case of in an immunocompromised neonate in which FcMBL bead-based matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) resulted in species identification roughly 30 hours before standard pathogen identification methods. Deploying FcMBL bead-based MALDI-TOF MS may improve the speed and accuracy of identification, and therefore treatment, of rare pathogens.

Analysis of a novel virtual pediatric concussion clinic in a rural setting.

Purpose: Children and adolescents who sustain concussion in rural communities are lost to follow-up after initial evaluation more often than their urban counterparts. Thus, this study aims to determine the feasibility and accessibility of a novel virtual pediatric concussion clinic at a rural academic hospital.

Methods: Data regarding patients referred to a virtual concussion clinic at a rural Pediatric Level 2 Trauma Center over a 16-month period was prospectively collected.

Biomarkers predictive of a response to extended endocrine therapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Extension of adjuvant endocrine therapy beyond five years confers only modest survival benefit in breast cancer patients and carries risk of toxicities. This systematic review investigates the role of biomarker tests in predicting the clinical response to an extension of endocrine therapy.

Methods: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Global Index Medicus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using an iterative approach to identify full-text articles related to breast cancer, endocrine therapy, and biomarkers.

IgA Vasculitis Followed by IgA Nephropathy Without an Identifiable Trigger: The Same Disease or a Spectrum of Related Conditions?

IgA vasculitis and IgA nephropathy are characterized by IgA deposition in blood vessels and glomerular mesangium, respectively. The former is far more common in the pediatric population, while the latter presents more often in adulthood. A consensus regarding whether these two conditions are manifestations of the same disease that occurs on a spectrum has not yet been reached, and, to our knowledge, no clinical trials to address this question have been conducted.

Bicuspid aortic valve and its ascending aortopathy.

Purpose Of Review: To synthesize and critically assess recent clinical and research advancements in pediatric bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and its associated aortopathy.

Recent Findings: In pediatric patients with BAV, progressive aortic dilation (i.e.

The 21st Century Cures Act: Inpatient Clinician Perceptions of Changes to Information Sharing at an Academic Medical Center.

Introduction To comply with the Information Blocking Rule in the 21st Century Cures Act, many hospitals began to release inpatient electronic health information such as clinical notes and results to patients immediately, starting in April 2021. We sought to understand the perceptions of hospital-based clinicians regarding the impact of these changes in information sharing on clinicians and patients. Materials and methods We developed and distributed an electronic survey to 122 inpatient attending physicians, resident physicians, and physician assistants within the internal medicine and family medicine departments at an academic medical center.