Management of patients with rare adult solid cancers: objectives and evaluation of European reference networks (ERN) EURACAN.

About 500,000 patients with rare adult solid cancers (RASC) are diagnosed yearly in Europe. Delays and unequal quality of management impact negatively their survival. Since 2017, European reference networks (ERN) aim to improve the quality of care of patients with rare disease.

Clinical Reality and Treatment for Local Recurrence of Rectal Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Despite advances in treatment, local recurrence remains a great concern in patients with rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of local recurrence of rectal cancer in our single center over a 7-year-period. Patients with stage I-III rectal cancer were treated with curative intent.

Immunoproteomic Profiles in Gastric Cancer.

Chronic infection is the major risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). However, only some infected individuals develop this neoplasia. Previous serology studies have been limited by investigating small numbers of candidate antigens.

Circulating Antibodies against Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and p53 in EBV-Positive and -Negative Gastric Cancer.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric cancers have clinicopathologic differences from EBV-negative tumors and lack mutation. Serologic profiles may inform viral contribution to carcinogenesis.

Methods: We compared humoral responses of EBV-positive ( = 67) and EBV-negative ( = 137) patients with gastric cancer from the International EBV-Gastric Cancer Consortium.

The risk of distant metastases in rectal cancer managed by a watch-and-wait strategy - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The watch-and-wait (w&w) strategy is associated with frequent local regrowth (LR). Distant metastases (DM) occur more often in the patients with LR than in those without. However, it is unknown whether omitting immediate surgery results in the additional risk of DM.

Double pituitary adenomas in a large surgical series.

Purpose: To explore the incidence of double pituitary adenomas in a tertiary center for pituitary surgery and asses their clinical, imaging and histopathological features.

Methods: The medical records of the patients operated on for pituitary tumors at the Department of Neurosurgery of Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Poland between the years 2003 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 3270 treated patients, the diagnosis of double pituitary adenoma was established in 22 patients.

Pancreatic cyst surveillance imposes low psychological burden.

Background/objectives: For the currently recommended pancreatic cyst surveillance to be feasible, participant adherence is a prerequisite. Our objective was to evaluate the psychological burden of pancreatic cyst surveillance from a participant's perspective.

Methods: The present participant survey is part of an international cohort study (PACYFIC study, www.

Long-course preoperative chemoradiation versus 5 × 5 Gy and consolidation chemotherapy for clinical T4 and fixed clinical T3 rectal cancer: long-term results of the randomized Polish II study.

Background: This trial evaluated whether preoperative short-course radiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy (CCT) were superior to chemoradiation in rectal cancers with clinical (c)T4 or fixed cT3. Previously, we reported early results showing no differences in the radical surgery rate (primary end point). In the short-course/CCT group, we observed lower acute toxicity of preoperative treatment and better overall survival (OS).

Lineage-dependent role of miR-410-3p as oncomiR in gonadotroph and corticotroph pituitary adenomas or tumor suppressor miR in somatotroph adenomas via MAPK, PTEN/AKT, and STAT3 signaling pathways.

Purpose: miR-410-3p plays opposite roles in different cancers and may act as an oncomiR or tumor suppressor miR. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of miR-410-3p in somatotroph, gonadotroph, and corticotroph pituitary adenomas.

Methods: Tissue samples were obtained from 75 patients with pituitary adenoma.

Preoperative radiotherapy and local excision of rectal cancer: Long-term results of a randomised study.

Background And Purpose: It is uncertain whether local control is acceptable after preoperative radiotherapy and local excision (LE). An optimal preoperative dose/fractionation schedule has not yet been established.

Material And Methods: In a phase III study, patients with cT1-2N0M0 or borderline cT2/T3N0M0 < 4 cm rectal adenocarcinomas were randomised to receive either 5 × 5 Gy plus 1 × 4 Gy boost or chemoradiation: 50.

AB thymoma with atypical type A component with delayed multiple lung and brain metastases.

An atypical type A thymoma is a newly added entity to the last World Health Organization (WHO) histological classification [2015] of uncertain prognosis. The conventional type A and AB thymomas are usually locally aggressive neoplasms that rarely metastasize with distant metastases to the central nervous system (CNS) occurring extremely exceptionally. We present a history of a woman with a mediastinal tumor originally considered to be a Masaoka-Koga stage II "mixed thymoma with well-differentiated thymic carcinoma component" according to the historic Müller-Hermelink nomenclature.

Technical aspects of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technical Guideline - March 2017.

For routine EUS-guided sampling of solid masses and lymph nodes (LNs) ESGE recommends 25G or 22G needles (high quality evidence, strong recommendation); fine needle aspiration (FNA) and fine needle biopsy (FNB) needles are equally recommended (high quality evidence, strong recommendation).When the primary aim of sampling is to obtain a core tissue specimen, ESGE suggests using 19G FNA or FNB needles or 22G FNB needles (low quality evidence, weak recommendation).ESGE recommends using 10-mL syringe suction for EUS-guided sampling of solid masses and LNs with 25G or 22G FNA needles (high quality evidence, strong recommendation) and other types of needles (low quality evidence, weak recommendation).

Indications, results, and clinical impact of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling in gastroenterology: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Clinical Guideline - Updated January 2017.

For pancreatic solid lesions, ESGE recommends performing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided sampling as first-line procedure when a pathological diagnosis is required. Alternatively, percutaneous sampling may be considered in metastatic disease.Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence.

Increased expression of the microRNA 106b~25 cluster and its host gene MCM7 in corticotroph pituitary adenomas is associated with tumor invasion and Crooke's cell morphology.

Purpose: MCM7 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 7), a DNA replication licensing factor, is a host gene for the oncogenic miR-106b~25 cluster. It has been recently revealed as a relevant prognostic biomarker in a variety of cancers, including pituitary adenomas. The purpose of this study was to assess whether miR-106b~25 and MCM7 levels correlate with tumor invasiveness in a cohort of ACTH-immunopositive adenomas.

Does the addition of oxaliplatin to preoperative chemoradiation benefit cT4 or fixed cT3 rectal cancer treatment? A subgroup analysis from a prospective study.

Background: Whether there is any benefit derived from adding oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine-based preoperative chemoradiation is currently unknown in cases of advanced cT3 or cT4 tumours. Our aim was to evaluate this issue by analysing a randomized trial, which compared two schedules of preoperative treatment (chemoradiation vs. 5 × 5 Gy with 3 cycles of consolidation chemotherapy) for cT4 or fixed cT3 rectal cancer.

Long-course oxaliplatin-based preoperative chemoradiation versus 5 × 5 Gy and consolidation chemotherapy for cT4 or fixed cT3 rectal cancer: results of a randomized phase III study.

Background: Improvements in local control are required when using preoperative chemoradiation for cT4 or advanced cT3 rectal cancer. There is therefore a need to explore more effective schedules.

Patients And Methods: Patients with fixed cT3 or cT4 cancer were randomized either to 5 × 5 Gy and three cycles of FOLFOX4 (group A) or to 50.

Watch and wait policy after preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer; management of residual lesions that appear clinically benign.

Background: During an ongoing phase II observational study on watch and wait policy in rectal cancer, a substantial number of patients presented residual lesion after radiotherapy with a clinical benign appearance. This article aims to discuss the clinical significance of such findings.

Materials And Methods: Main entry criteria were age ≥70 years and small tumour (≤5 cm and ≤60% of circumferential involvement) located in the low rectum.

Anti-Helicobacter pylori Antibody Profiles in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-Positive and EBV-Negative Gastric Cancer.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is the primary cause of gastric cancer, but about 9% of cases harbor Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the tumor cells. There is limited evidence on the possible interaction or antagonism between these infectious agents in gastric carcinogenesis.

Methods: We compared H.

Postoperative chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer receiving preoperative radio(chemo)therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing surgery ± a fluoropyrimidine and surgery + a fluoropyrimidine ± oxaliplatin.

Background: There is no consensus on the role of postoperative chemotherapy in patients with rectal cancer who have received preoperative radio(chemo)therapy.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed of trials that used preoperative radio(chemo)therapy and randomized patients either between postoperative chemotherapy and observation or between a fluoropyrimidine only (FU-only) and a fluoropyrimidine with oxaliplatin (FU-OXA) as postoperative chemotherapy.

Results: Five randomized studies compared postoperative chemotherapy with observation in a total of 2398 patients.