The prevalence, radiographic appearance, and characteristics of zygomatic air cell defects (ZACDs) in symptomatic temporomandibular joint disorder patients in North Indian population.

Purpose: Although the incidence of zygomatic air cell defects (ZACDs) is significantly low in general population, still they pose as a risk factor during surgical procedures like eminectomies and eminoplasties because there is a risk of spread of infection intracranially. Furthermore, such procedures are more common in TMD patients. With this fact in mind, this study was designed to find out the prevalence, radiographic appearance, and characteristics of zygomatic air cell defects in diagnosed symptomatic temporomandibular joint disorder patients.

Alteration in buccal mucosal cells due to the effect of tobacco and alcohol by assessing the silver-stained nucleolar organiser regions and micronuclei.

Background: Oral habits such as alcohol consumption and tobacco chewing are considered to be initiators of dysplastic changes in the oral mucosa.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the alteration in apparently normal buccal mucosal cells due to effect of alcohol and tobacco by assessing silver-stained nucleolar organiser regions (AgNORs) and micronuclei.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised a total of 100 subjects which were divided into four groups with 25 subjects having alcohol consuming habit, 25 subjects were tobacco consumer, 25 were both alcohol and tobacco consumer and 25 formed control group who neither consumed alcohol nor tobacco.

Correlation between lip prints and finger prints in sex determination and pattern predominance in 5000 subjects.

Fingerprints are considered to be the most reliable criteria for personal identification. In the past decades, lip-print studies (Cheiloscopy) attracted the attention of many scientists as a new tool for human identification in both civil and criminal issues. The present study was undertaken to observe the correlation between lip prints and finger print pattern in sex determination and to determine the pattern predominance in a sample of 5000 individuals.

Survey of dental radiographical practice in states of Punjab and Haryana in India.

Background: Radiographs are used extensively in dentistry to supplement the clinical examination of the patients. Technical advances in X-ray equipment and imaging systems have allowed significant reduction in radiation doses of patients during intraoral and extraoral radiography.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of awareness of dental professionals of northern India regarding dose-reduction techniques and radiographic equipment.

A study to evaluate the impact of examination stress on recurrent aphthous ulceration in professional college students in Jaipur district.

Aim: Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) are one of the most common and poorly understood mucosal disorders. Most of the literature suggests that stress has a causal role in RAU and it is estimated that at least 1 in 5 individuals is afflicted with RAU. Review of literature reveals that nutritional and stress factors may be of paramount importance in the occurrence and severity of RAU.

Dental students' motivations and perceptions of dental professional career in India.

Students' motivations in choosing a career in the health professions are of great interest for educators and admission committees, particularly in the field of dentistry. This study conducted in four private dental institutions in India was designed to investigate dental students' motivations in their choice of dentistry as a career and their perceptions regarding dentistry in India. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed, and 369 students responded in a combination of selected responses to the questions, for a response rate of 92.

Oral cavity and leprosy.

Although leprosy involves the oral cavity in up to 60% of the patients, examination of the oral cavity in leprosy clinics or oral health science clinics is often neglected. Oral involvement in leprosy can broadly be divided into non-specific and specific lesions. In this review, we discuss various oral manifestations in leprosy patients so as to increase the awareness about this aspect among dermatologists and dental surgeons.

Aggressive osteoblastoma of the mandible: A diagnostic dilemma.

The clinical facts and radiologic findings are very important in the diagnostic evaluation of jaw swellings, and must be considered along with histologic findings. Osteoblastoma, an uncommon primary lesion of the bone that occasionally arises in the jaws, is one such lesion causing a localized jaw swelling. Clinically, osteoblastoma can be symptomatic or even remain symptom-free, and may be diagnosed only on routine radiographic examination.

Apexification of anterior teeth: a comparative evaluation of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide paste.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to compare the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and Calcium Hydroxide in apexification of traumatized young permanent incisors.

Methods: Thirty permanent incisors with necrotic pulps and open apices were evenly divided into two groups--Group I (MTA group) & Group II (Calcium Hydroxide group) and treated by apexification. The time taken for apical barrier formation was analyzed.

X-linked ichthyosis along with epidermolysis bullosa.

Ichthyoses are a heterogenous group of hereditary keratinization disorders that share in common the accumulation & shedding of large amounts of hyperkeratotic epidermis. Early reports of ichthyosis in the Indian and Chinese literature date back to several hundred years. X-linked recessive ichthyosis (XLI) is a common disorder of keratinization and affects males who inherit an X-chromosome having a steroid sulphatase genetic mutation.

Evaluation of gingival microleakage of class II resin composite restorations with fiber inserts: An in vitro study.

Aims/objectives: To evaluate the effect of glass and polyethylene fiber inserts and flowable composite as a liner on the microleakage of Class II composite restorations with gingival margins on root surfaces.

Materials And Methods: Class II slots were prepared on both the proximal sides of thirty freshly extracted mandibular molars and were divided into six groups, according to the type of fiber insert and use of flowable composite (Filtek Z350) as a liner. Filtek P-60 (3M/ESPE) posterior composite was used to restore all cavities.

Effect of denture wearing on occurrence of fungal Isolates in the oral cavity: A pilot study.

Objectives: An attempt was made to evaluate effect of denture wearing on occurrence of fungal isolates in the oral cavity before and after complete denture insertion.

Method: Twenty five completely edentulous patients were selected; swab samples were collected intraorally before fabrication of complete dentures from labial vestibular area and after complete denture fabrication (one and four days after denture insertion). Further these samples were inoculated and incubated.

Dimensional analysis of various rugae patterns in north Indian population subset.

Introduction: Rugae patterns are significant markers for analyzing anteroposterior changes in adolescence, and forensic investigations.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to ascertain the gender-wise predisposition of rugae patterns and to analyze anteroposterior alterations along with any developmental changes in palatal depth.

Materials And Methods: One hundred pre-treatment study cast models were obtained from the archives of the Department of Orthodontics, M.

Dentition status and treatment needs of prisoners of Haryana state, India.

Purpose: This paper aims to explore prisoner dental health in Haryana, India.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors assessed the prevalence of dental caries and the treatment needs of prisoners in all 19 prisons in Haryana. The results were compared with the prison populations of other countries and the general population of Haryana.

Microstomia in a maxillectomy patient: A prosthetic challenge.

The provision of a satisfactory denture in case of reduced stomal inlet has always been a trouble for the patient and a challenge to the prosthodontist. Fabrication of complete and removable partial denture prosthesis requires accurate diagnostic impression and diagnostic casts for the development of custom trays and final impression. The decreased mouth opening, technically called "Microstomia," poses problems in tray selection, impression making, jaw records and denture insertion.

Evaluation of mandibular morphology in different facial types.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate mandibular morphology in different facial types using various parameters. This study was conducted on lateral cephalograms of a total of 110 subjects, which included 55 males and 55 females between the age of 18-25 years having a mean of 22.3 years for males and 21.

Tuberculous osteomyelitis of mandibular condyle: a diagnostic dilemma.

The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is increasing worldwide and so are its consequences. Its oral manifestations are infrequent, occurring in approximately 3% of all cases. Although the primary lesion occurs as a pulmonary infection, the extrapulmonary infections have also shown an increase over the past few years.

Functional and Esthetic Rehabilitation during Deciduous Dentition Stage: A Case Report.

A virtual absence of palliative, preventive and restorative care characterizes juvenile oral health care in most of the developing and underdeveloped countries. Consequently, carious cavities remain untreated, which leads to pain, discomfort and functional limitation. It further, impacts negatively upon general health and cognitive development apart from causing decreased masticatory efficiency, difficulty in speech, compromised esthetics, development of abnormal tongue habits and subsequent malocclusion and psychological problems.

Sexual dimorphism in the permanent maxillary first molar: a study of the Haryana population (India).

Unlabelled: Sexual identification of immature skeletal remains is still a difficult problem to solve in Forensic Anthropology. The aim was to evaluate the existence of sexual dimorphism in maxillary first molars. The base sample comprised 200 subjects (100 males and 100 females) aged 17-25 years.

To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasonography compared to clinical diagnosis, radiography and histopathological findings in the diagnosis of maxillofacial swellings.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of Ultrasonography compared to clinical diagnosis, radiography and histopathological findings in the diagnosis of maxillofacial swellings.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted on forty-five patients with maxillofacial swellings. The clinical diagnosis, radiographic diagnosis and ultrasonographic diagnosis were made which was compared to the histopathological diagnosis.

Analysis of different treatment protocols for fractures of condylar process of mandible.

Purpose: The present study was conducted to provide an overall perspective on the diagnosis of condylar fractures, to analyze the technique and results of different treatment methods used, and to evolve a protocol for the selection of an appropriate treatment modality for an individual case.

Patients And Methods: A total of 28 patients with a condylar fracture were selected and were classified with the help of orthopantomogram and reverse Towne view radiographs. Of the 28 patients, 22 had unilateral fractures of the mandibular condyle process and 6 had bilateral fractures.

Multidisciplinary approach to the rehabilitation of a tooth with two trauma episodes: systematic review and report of a case.

Studies have shown that some children and adolescents are affected only once with dental trauma, while others seem to be accident-prone and suffer from multiple dental trauma episodes. Less is known about treatment consequences related to repeated traumatic dental injuries to the same tooth and treatment guidelines are not well established. Complicated crown fractures and crown-root fractures pose difficulties for dentists to establish adequate treatment plans because these fractures require multidisciplinary knowledge and approach for a correct case planning and prognosis.

Salivary mutans streptococci and lactobacilli modulations in young children on consumption of probiotic ice-cream containing Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La5.

Objectives: To compare the levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva of school children, before and after consumption of probiotic and control ice-cream.

Materials And Methods: A double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in forty, 12-14 year-old children, with no clinically detectable caries. The selected children were randomized equally into two groups I and II.

Halitosis: A frequently ignored social condition.

Halitosis is a common complaint of one third of the population. It is commonly known as 'bad breath'. The causes of halitosis can both be intraoral (90%) as well as extraoral (10%).

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma: a case report.

Desmoplastic ameloblastoma is a rare variant of ameloblastoma. Up until now, less than 150 patients have been reported in the literature. We report a case of desmoplastic ameloblastoma in a 45-year-old female with a painless swelling in the left anterior maxillary region.