Assessing clinical sequelae of untreated caries among 5-, 12-, and 15-year-old school children in ambala district: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Dental caries is a public health problem globally, especially in children. Thus, it is important to quantify its clinical consequences in terms of its prevalence and severity.

Aim: This study aims to assess the prevalence and severity of oral conditions linked with untreated dental caries using pulp involvement, ulceration, fistula, abscess (pufa/PUFA) index in 5-, 12-, and 15-year-old school children in Ambala district.

Computed Tomography in Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia: A Case Series with Review of Literature and Classification Update.

Introduction: Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a fibroosseous lesion of the osseous structures of the body. It is not a commonly reported lesion yet it is considered as an important lesion which can affect the maxillofacial region as well. As a result, it can cause deformity of the jaw bones which can further lead to severe facial asymmetry.

Efficacy of Panoramic Radiography in the Detection of Osteoporosis in Post-Menopausal Women When Compared to Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry.

Objective: It is a well-known fact that osteoporosis affects the people with old age and remains unnoticeable until the patient presents with fracture. Various studies in the literature reveal that panoramic radiographs may prove to be beneficial in the detection of Osteoporosis in patients. Henceforth this present study was aimed to validate the use of Klemetti Index (KI) on panoramic radiographs so as to detect osteoporosis in the patients at an early stage.

Correlation between dental caries experience and mutans streptococci counts by microbial and molecular (polymerase chain reaction) assay using saliva as microbial risk indicator.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of quantitative salivary levels of mutans streptococci (MS) in children, aged 3-6 years and 12-15 years, exhibiting variable patterns of caries activity, and to compare the association of MS in saliva using microbial and molecular (polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) assay.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, eighty children were included, forty children each in Group I (3-6 years) and Group II (12-15 years). Children were further divided into two subgroups (Group IC, INC and Group IIC, IINC) based on their dental caries status.

Evaluation of surface roughness of different restorative composites after polishing using atomic force microscopy.

Introduction: Resin based composites are widely used aesthetic restorative materials in clinical restorative dentistry. The filler size and the percentage of fillers affects smooth surface, clinical durability, aesthetics, better optical properties, compatibility with natural enamel tissue, surface gloss, and preventing the discoloration of the restoration. The finishing and polishing of tooth-coloured restorations are necessary clinical steps for better aesthetics and longevity of restored teeth.

Can MMP-9 be a Prognosticator Marker for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma?

Introduction: Invasion and metastasis of malignant tumours severely endanger the life of cancer patients. Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the commonly found malignancies in the oral cavity and its survival rate has not improved from past few decades. Since an important risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma is the presence of epithelial dysplasia, it is necessary to check the presence of a prognosticator marker in both of them.

Effects of Scaling and Root Planing on Gingival Status during Menstrual Cycle- A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study.

Introduction: Variations in sex steroid hormones, noticeable through the menstrual cycle of women, may impact periodontal health. A relationship between female sex hormone levels and periodontal changes during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause has been reported. Little research on gingival status at different periods of menstrual cycle, but very less work has been done to observe the effect of scaling on gingival status during different periods of menstrual cycle.

Assessment of the Horizontal and Vertical Position of Mental Foramen in Indian Population in Terms of Age and Sex in Dentate Subjects by Pano-ramic Radiographs: A Retrospective Study with Review of Literature.

To familiarize new criteria to access vertical position of mental foramen in panoramic radiographs. Furthermore, to determine and compare the position and symmetry of mental foramen in horizontal as well as in vertical plane in Indian population and to compare the results with those reported for other populations in the literature. Further gender differences in mental foramen position were also accessed to comment on the reliability of panoramic radiographs for sex determination.

Correlation Between Clinical Findings of Temporomandibular Disorders and MRI Characteristics of Disc Displacement.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction is a common condition that is best evaluated with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The first step in MR imaging of the TMJ is to evaluate the articular disk, or meniscus, in terms of its morphologic features and its location relative to the condyle in both closed- and open-mouth positions. Disk location is of prime importance because the presence of a displaced disk is a critical sign of TMJ dysfunction.

Lymphocyte Depleted Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presented with Haemolytic Anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Hodgkin's lymphoma accounts for ten per cent of all lymphomas. Lymphomas represent the third most frequent neoplasia on a worldwide scale and constitute 3 % of malignant tumors. In the United States, there are about 8,000 new cases every year.

Extensive complex odontoma in the maxillary sinus pushing 3rd molar near the orbital floor causing transient diplopia and chronic sinusitis: a rare presentation and surgical management.

Odontoma is a mixed odontogenic hamartoma involving both epithelial and mesenchymal tissues. If left untreated, it can lead to complications in certain conditions. Here is a rare presentation of an extensive complex odontoma in maxillary sinus pushing third molar near the orbital floor causing transient diplopia in upward gaze occasionally and chronic sinusitis.

Periodontal bone regeneration in intrabony defects using osteoconductive bone graft versus combination of osteoconductive and osteostimulative bone graft: A comparative study.

Background: Bone loss is one of the hallmarks of periodontitis. Hence, a major focus of research into periodontal regeneration has concentrated on the initiation of Osteogenesis. Osteoinduction requires the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts with subsequent formation of new bone.

Segmental neurofibromatosis.

Segmental neurofibromatosis is a rare disorder, characterized by neurofibromas or cafι-au-lait macules limited to one region of the body. Its occurrence on the face is extremely rare and only few cases of segmental neurofibromatosis over the face have been described so far. We present a case of segmental neurofibromatosis involving the buccal mucosa, tongue, cheek, ear, and neck on the right side of the face.

A study of sports related occurrence of traumatic orodental injuries and associated risk factors in high school students in north India.

Background: Oral and dental injuries contribute to a major part of sports related injuries in children. Trauma occurring in developing years disrupts normal social functioning and brings about a major impact on quality of life due to their cumulative effect.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and causes of various sports related traumatic orodental injuries among 8 to 16 year school students along with identifying the associated risk factors in North India.

Evaluation of serum calcium and serum parathyroid levels in post-menopausal women with and without oral dryness.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to estimate and secondary objective was to compare the serum calcium levels and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in post-menopausal women with and without oral dryness (OD).

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was carried out on 80 selected post-menopausal women. Salivary flow was assessed by flow rate; serum calcium concentrations were assessed through Semi Autoanalyzer by Arsenazo III reaction.

Burning Mouth Syndrome due to Television Moans, an Enigma for Oral Physician: Treatment with Counseling.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a relatively common disease that can severely affect the quality of life of the patient. It causes chronic orofacial pain or oral burning sensation even in the absence of any detectable organic cause. The etiology of BMS is complex and multifactorial.

Human age estimation from tooth cementum and dentin.

Background: Age estimation is an important factor in the identification of an individual in forensic science. The hard tissues of the human dentition are able to resist decay and degradation, long after other tissues are lost. This resistance has made teeth useful indicators for age calculation.

Initial bone preparation followed by a 2-week delay before implant placement enhances the clinical and radiographic outcome: a randomized controlled trial.

Initial bone preparation followed by a 2-week delay before implant placement enhances the biological activity at the osteotomy site, which may improve the treatment outcome. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of initial bone preparation and a 2-week delay in implant placement with the conventional method. Subjects were outpatients selected from a department of periodontology and oral implantology.

Role of topical drugs in treatment of oral mucosal diseases. A literature review.

Few topical formulations have been designed specifically to treat oral mucosal diseases. Local drug delivery may provide a more targeted and efficient option than systemic delivery for diseases of the oral mucosa. The permeability to the topical drugs differs according to the thickness of the epithelium and the extent of keratinization.

Toluidine blue staining as an adjunctive tool for early diagnosis of dysplastic changes in the oral mucosa.

Prognosis of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma depends on early diagnosis, despite advanced surgical techniques, the 5-year survival rate remains ~40-50%. Unfortunately, it is usually detected when it becomes symptomatic. This requires treatment which gives rise to a high rate of morbidity and mortality and, furthermore, early detection of oro-pharyngeal pre-malignant lesions is important to improve the survival rate and quality of life.

Assessment of dental prosthetic status and needs among prisoners of haryana, India.

This cross-sectional study was planned to evaluate the prosthetic status and treatment needs using WHO (1997) format among prisoners of Haryana state, India. 1,393 subjects with age range of 35.26 ± 12.

Evaluation of salivary calcium and salivary parathyroid levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness.

Objective: The primary objective of this study is to estimate and secondary objective is to compare the salivary calcium levels, salivary parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness (OD).

Materials And Methods: A case-control study was carried out on 80 selected postmenopausal women. Salivary calcium concentrations were assessed through Semi Autoanalyzer by Arsenazo III reaction.

An overview of gene therapy in head and neck cancer.

Gene therapy is a new treatment modality in which new gene is introduced or existing gene is manipulated to cause cancer cell death or slow the growth of the tumor. In this review, we have discussed the different treatment approaches for cancer gene therapy; gene addition therapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy using oncolytic viruses, antisense ribonucleic acid (RNA) and RNA interference-based gene therapy. Clinical trials to date in head and neck cancer have shown evidence of gene transduction and expression, mediation of apoptosis and clinical response including pathological complete responses.