The Intersection of Aging and Lung Transplantation: its Impact on Transplant Evaluation, Outcomes, and Clinical Care.

Purpose: Older adults (age ≥ 65 years) are the fastest growing age group undergoing lung transplantation. Further, international consensus document for the selection of lung transplant candidates no longer suggest a fixed upper age limit. Although carefully selected older adults can derive great benefit, understanding which older adults will do well after transplant with improved survival and health-related qualiy of life is key to informed decision-making.

A test of differential susceptibility in behavior trajectories of preterm infants from preschool to adulthood.

Preterm birth predisposes children to internalizing and externalizing behaviors that may persist into adolescence resulting in adult mental health conditions. Social and caregiving contexts, particularly for vulnerable infants born preterm, influence long-term outcomes, but mechanisms are not clearly understood. Healthcare teams caring for those born preterm face difficulty predicting who will be most affected by risk, who will most benefit, and the optimal timing of intervention.

Justification of research using systematic reviews continues to be inconsistent in clinical health science-A systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-research studies.

Background: Redundancy is an unethical, unscientific, and costly challenge in clinical health research. There is a high risk of redundancy when existing evidence is not used to justify the research question when a new study is initiated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to synthesize meta-research studies evaluating if and how authors of clinical health research studies use systematic reviews when initiating a new study.

Innovative Pedagogical Approaches to Teaching Advanced Forensic Nursing.

Forensic nursing is a specialty in nursing with unique knowledge and skills, founded on a theoretic framework identifying three pillars of knowledge--legal principles, forensic science, and forensic nursing with concepts, context, and content unique to the specialty. To care for patients with trauma backgrounds, who are or have intersected with the legal system, forensic nursing education and subsequent certification today requires educational technology. Transforming learning takes demonstrative activities, changing them into interactive dynamic opportunities that teach metacognitive activities to provide complex trauma-informed care in the aftermath of violence, to forensic nurses.

The Association Between Racial Attitudes, Alcohol Use and Mood Disorders Among Black Adolescents.

Alcohol is the most widely used substance among adolescents. Although Black adolescents use alcohol at lower rates than White adolescents, Black adolescents tend to have worse outcomes. This includes higher rates of mood disorders and criminal justice involvement associated with alcohol use and misuse compared to any other racial group.

A Dyadic Analysis Exploring the Mediating Role of Relationship Quality on Discrimination and HIV/STI Risk Among Young Black and Latino Expecting Couples.

Encounters with discrimination are a normative experience for many Black and Latino adolescents and young adults (AYAs); these experiences may be even more common for expecting AYAs. While the harmful effects of discriminatory experiences on mental and physical health have been well explored, relatively little is known regarding the impact of discrimination on relationship quality and sexual health-specifically HIV/STI risk.Using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model, we examined both actor and partner effects of discrimination on relationship quality and willingness to be non-monogamous in a sample of 259 pregnant adolescent and young adult couples.

Medication administration errors made among undergraduate nursing students: A need for change in teaching methods.

Background: Systems factors, such as interruptions, contribute to nursing errors. Gaining an understanding of what contributes to nursing student errors can inform educational strategies aimed to improve patient safety.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to investigate: (a) within-subjects differences in error rates among nursing students during interrupted compared to uninterrupted simulated medication administration, (b) types of medication administration errors made by nursing students, and (c) nursing students' perceptions of their ability to independently administer medication.

Top Ten Tips Palliative Care Clinicians Should Know About Navigating the Needs of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities.

As many people with intellectual disabilities (ID) live longer, the need for access to quality palliative care (PC) rises. People with ID realize significant barriers and inequities in accessing health care and PC. The need for integrated disability and PC services with extensive collaboration is great.

Systematic reviews are rarely used to contextualise new results-a systematic review and meta-analysis of meta-research studies.

Background: Results of new studies should be interpreted in the context of what is already known to compare results and build the state of the science. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to identify and synthesise results from meta-research studies examining if original studies within health use systematic reviews to place their results in the context of earlier, similar studies.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), and the Cochrane Methodology Register for meta-research studies reporting the use of systematic reviews to place results of original clinical studies in the context of existing studies.

Differential Susceptibility: An Explanation for Variability in Life Course Health and Developmental Outcomes.

Differential susceptibility theory posits that some individuals, with specific characteristics, are more, or less susceptible than others, to both adverse and beneficial environmental influences. It offers a perspective for understanding the directional trajectories across the life course affected by daily context and individual characteristics, in order to identify influential components. The aim of this article is to describe differential susceptibility theory, critically evaluate research findings in which the theory is tested, and consider implications of differential susceptibility theory as a theoretical framework for nursing science.

Interventions for reducing weight bias in healthcare providers: An interprofessional systematic review and meta-analysis.

Weight bias is prevalent in many healthcare disciplines and negatively impacts the quality of care for patients with obesity. This warrants interventions to reduce weight bias shown by providers to improve care for individuals with obesity. However, past reviews have identified only marginal success in improving the attitudes and beliefs of healthcare providers about individuals with obesity.

Validity, reliability, and acceptability of the Evidence-Informed Decision-Making (EIDM) competence measure.

Valid, reliable, and acceptable tools for assessing self-reported competence in evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) are required to provide insight into the current status of EIDM knowledge, skills, attitudes/beliefs, and behaviours for registered nurses working in public health. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity, reliability, and acceptability of the EIDM Competence Measure. A psychometric study design was employed guided by the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing and general measurement development principles.

A Convergent Mixed Methods Study of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Young Black Men in the United States.

Background: An understanding of the factors that influence cardiovascular (CVD) risk among young Black men is critically needed to promote cardiovascular health earlier in the life course and prevent poor outcomes later in life.

Purpose: To explore how individual (eg, depression, racial discrimination) and environmental factors (eg, neighborhood resources) are associated with CVD risk factors among young Black men.

Methods: We conducted a convergent mixed methods study (qualitative/quantitative, QUAL+quant) with Black men aged 18 to 30 years (N = 21; 3 focus groups).

The Effects of a Simulation-Based Experience with Standardized Participants on Learning and Clinical Decision-Making Related to Nursing Management of Oncologic Emergencies.

Upon entry-to-practice, graduate nurses must be able to effectively manage oncologic emergencies to ensure best patient and family outcomes. Thus, nurse educators must develop active teaching strategies to prepare prelicensure nursing students with appropriate nursing oncology knowledge and skills. The purposes of this study were to determine the effect of simulation-based experiences (SBEs) with standardized participants (SPs) involving a patient and family member on baccalaureate nursing students' confidence and competence, anxiety and self-confidence with clinical decision-making, and satisfaction and self-confidence in learning using SBEs related to management of oncologic emergencies within a seminar-style course.

An Integrative Review: The Evolution of Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions and Perceived Barriers to Caring for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease 1970-Now.

Approximately 100,000 Americans have sickle cell disease (SCD). In the USA, the majority of patients with SCD are of African descent. Due to persistent racial and ethnic disparities in healthcare in the USA, patients with SCD experience disproportionately more health inequities because of providers' implicit biases regarding patient race.

Needs and problems related to sociodemographic factors of informal caregiving of people with heart failure: A mixed methods study in three European countries.

Aims: To explore caregivers' needs and problems in three European countries and associate the clusters of caregivers' needs with their sociodemographic characteristics.

Design: A qualitative focused mixed methods design was used.

Methods: In total, 52 caregivers of heart failure (HF) people were interviewed in three European countries between March 2017 and December 2018.

Unmet Caregiving Needs Among Sepsis Survivors Receiving Home Health Care: The Need for Caregiver Training.

Unmet needs for family caregiver assistance threaten patient outcomes during Medicare home health care (HHC). Sepsis survivors represent a growing proportion of the HHC patient population, but little is known regarding their risk for unmet caregiving needs. We describe prevalence and underlying cause of unmet caregiving needs for sepsis survivors receiving HHC, using HHC patient assessment data for 85,851 older sepsis survivors receiving post-acute HHC in 2013-2014.

Digital Health and Community Health Worker Support for Diabetes Management: a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a digital health intervention plus community health worker (CHW) support on self-monitoring of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) among adult Medicaid beneficiaries with diabetes.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Urban outpatient clinic.

Age Moderates the Effect of Injury Severity on Functional Trajectories in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Study Using the NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems National Dataset.

Age is a risk factor for a host of poor outcomes following traumatic brain injury (TBI), with some evidence suggesting that age is also a source of excess disability. We tested the extent to which age moderates the effect of injury severity on functional trajectories over 15 years post injury. Data from 11,442 participants from the 2020 National Institute of Disability and Independent Living Rehabiitation Research (NIDILRR) Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Dataset were analyzed using linear mixed effects models.

Oral feeding dysfunction in post-operative infants with CHDs: a scoping review.

Post-operative oral feeding difficulties in neonates and infants with CHD is common. While pre-operative oral feeding may be normal, oral feeding challenges manifest in the post-operative period without a clearly defined aetiology. The objective of this scoping review was to examine post-operative oral feeding in full-term neonates and infants with a CHD.

Vulnerability, loss, and coping experiences of health care workers and first responders during the covid-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

Introduction: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic substantially affects health care workers from multiple disciplines, including nurses, physicians, therapists, and first responders. The aims of this study were to 1) explore and describe the experiences of health care workers and first responders working with individuals with COVID-19 infection, and 2) identify the support and strategies that were helpful during their experience.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted via online video interviews of 29 health care workers and first responders who agreed to be contacted for an interview.