Distribution of tension wood like gelatinous fibres in the roots of Acacia nilotica (Lam.) Willd.

The present study unravels the anatomical characteristics and distribution patterns of cell wall polymers in the G-fibres found in the roots of A. nilotica using different microscopy techniques (light, electron and immunofluorescence microscopy). The present study was aimed to investigate the anatomy of reaction xylem in the positively gravitropic roots of Acacia nilotica growing in compact and waterlogged soils.

TLRs: linking inflammation and breast cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the females. Intensive efforts have been made to understand the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of breast cancer. The physiological conditions that lead to tumorigenesis including breast cancer are not well understood.

Adapalene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles gel: an effective approach for acne treatment.

Salient features such as controlled release, target ability, potential of penetration, improved physical stability, low cost compared to phospholipids, and ease of scaling-up makes solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) a viable alternative to liposomes for effective drug delivery. Adapalene (ADA) is a second generation retinoid effective in treating various dermatologic disorders such as Acne vulgaris with a few noticeable dose-mediated side effects. The present study was aimed at developing and characterizing ADA loaded SLNs for effective topical delivery.

Artificial citrate operon and Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene enhanced mineral phosphate solubilizing ability of Enterobacter hormaechei DHRSS.

Mineral phosphate solubilization by bacteria is mediated through secretion of organic acids, among which citrate is one of the most effective. To overproduce citrate in bacterial systems, an artificial citrate operon comprising of genes encoding NADH-insensitive citrate synthase of E. coli and Salmonella typhimurium sodium-dependent citrate transporter was constructed.

Herbal medicines for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: current scenario and future prospects.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a multifactorial disease and has close correlations with other metabolic disorders. This makes its treatment difficult using a single pharmacological drug. Use of plant extract/decoction or polyherbal formulation to treat various liver diseases is very well mentioned in various traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda, Japanese or traditional Chinese Medicine, and Kampo medicine).

Serum Levels of Glycoproteins are Elevated in Patients with Ovarian Cancer.

Identification of reliable biomarkers for detection and staging of cancer and monitoring the outcome of anticancer therapy has been considered to be of high importance. We aimed to estimate the levels of serum glycoproteins, protein bound-hexose, protein bound hexosamine, protein bound fucose, protein bound sialic acid and protein bound carbohydrate in 32 ovarian cancer patients and compared them with the levels that found in 25 normal subjects. As compared to the normal subjects, all the four fractions of glycoproteins level were significantly elevated in ovarian cancer patients (p < 0.

Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax specific lactate dehydrogenase: genetic polymorphism study from Indian isolates.

Control and eradication of malaria is hindered by the acquisition of drug resistance by Plasmodium species. This has necessitated a persistent search for novel drugs and more efficient targets. Plasmodium species specific lactate dehydrogenase is one of the potential therapeutic and diagnostic targets, because of its indispensable role in endoerythrocytic stage of the parasite.

Adsorption property of Rhodamine 6G onto chitosan-g-(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)/montmorillonite composite.

A series of chitosan-g-(N-vinyl pyrrolidone)/montmorillonite hydrogel composites were synthesized by in situ intercalative polymerization. The properties of the composites were investigated by FTIR, XRD, scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The morphologies of the hydrogel composites were sponge like with a homogeneous structure.

Pyrazolone as a recognition site: Rhodamine 6G-based fluorescent probe for the selective recognition of Fe3+ in acetonitrile-aqueous solution.

Two novel Rhodamine-pyrazolone-based colorimetric off-on fluorescent chemosensors for Fe(3+) ions were designed and synthesized using pyrazolone as the recognition moiety and Rhodamine 6G as the signalling moiety. The photophysical properties and Fe(3+) -binding properties of sensors L(1) and L(2) in acetonitrile-aqueous solution were also investigated. Both sensors successfully exhibit a remarkably 'turn-on' response, toward Fe(3+) , which was attributed to 1: 2 complex formation between Fe(3+) and L(1) /L(2) .

Synthesis and characterization of a novel hybrid material as amphoteric ion exchanger for simultaneous removal of cations and anions.

A new hybrid chelating ion exchanger zirconium diethylene triamine (ZrD) has been synthesized by a simple sol-gel route using inexpensive and easily available chemicals. ZrD has been characterized for elemental analysis (ICP-AES, CHN analysis), TGA, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, SEM and EDX. Physical and ion exchange characteristics as well as chemical stability of the material in various media have been studied.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of some novel pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones as antimalarial agents.

Novel pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones have been synthesized and evaluated for their antimalarial activity by SYBR Green I assay against erythrocytic stages of chloroquine (CQ) sensitive Pf 3D7 strain. The antimalarial screening of 42 different compounds revealed that 3-Fluorobenzyl(4-oxo-4H-pyrido [1,2-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)carbamate (21, IC50 value 33 μM) and 4-Oxo-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (37, IC50 value 37 μM) showed moderate antimalarial activity. Cytotoxicity study was performed against mammalian cell line (Huh-7) by using the MTT assay for the moderately active compounds.

Prospective therapeutic agents for obesity: molecular modification approaches of centrally and peripherally acting selective cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonists.

Presently, obesity is one of the major health problems in the developed as well as developing countries due to lack of physical work and increasing sedentary life style. Endocannabinoid system (ECS) and especially cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor play a key role in energy homeostasis. Food intake and energy storage is enhanced due to the stimulation of ECS hence, inhibition of ECS by blocking CB1 receptors could be a promising approach in the treatment of obesity.

Synthesis of enantiomerically pure helicene like bis-oxazines from atropisomeric 7,7'-dihydroxy BINOL: Preliminary measurements of the circularly polarized luminescence.

Racemic sample of 2,2',7,7'-tetrahydroxy-1,1'-binaphthyl was resolved with ()-proline and the separated enantiomers were independently converted to atropisomeric bis-oxazines by aromatic Mannich reaction. These chirally pure oxazines were then converted to the helicene like cyclic ethers. The Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) profile was consistent with the isolation of the targeted helical-like molecules in optically pure form, prepared from the achiral primary amines.

A comparative study of experimental and theoretical results of conformations of oxovanadium(IV) complexes with 4-acyl pyrazolone ligands using DFT method.

The optimized structures and electronic properties of the oxovanadium(IV) complexes containing 4-acyl pyrazolone ligands were calculated using density functional theory. The total energies of both the complexes were calculated e.g.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel aminomethyl-piperidones based DPP-IV inhibitors.

A series of novel aminomethyl-piperidones were designed and evaluated as potential DPP-IV inhibitors. Optimized analogue 12v ((4S,5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-1-(2-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)ethyl)-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)piperidin-2-one) showed excellent in vitro potency and selectivity for DPP-IV over other serine proteases. The lead compound 12v showed potent and long acting antihyperglycemic effects (in vivo), along with improved pharmacokinetic profile.

Enhanced skin permeation of 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid by salt formation.

The aim of this work was to prepare salts of 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (6-MNA) to improve its physicochemical properties for percutaneous application. 6-MNA, an active metabolite of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug nabumetone has long half life and has the tendency to penetrate well into synovial fluid. The physicochemical properties of 6-MNA salts were investigated by solubility measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared (IR).

Molecular characterization and polyclonal antibody generation against core component CagX protein of Helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system.

Gram-negative bacteria Helicobacter pylori cause gastric ulcer, duodenal cancer, and found in almost half of the world's residents. The protein responsible for this disease is secreted through type IV secretion system (TFSS) of H. pylori.

Analysis of biochemical variations and microRNA expression in wild ( Ipomoea campanulata ) and cultivated ( Jacquemontia pentantha ) species exposed to in vivo water stress.

The current study analyses few important biochemical parameters and microRNA expression in two closely related species (wild but tolerant Ipomoea campanulata L. and cultivated but sensitive Jacquemontia pentantha Jacq.G.

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of amide derivatives of benzodifuran-2-carboxylic acid.

We have synthesized various amide derivatives of benzodifuran-2-carboxylic acid from resorcinol. Reaction of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin with chloroacetone in anhydrous K2CO3 and dry acetone gave ether derivative of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin 3 which on reaction with N-bromosuccinimide in chloroform gave corresponding 3-bromo derivative 4. Cyclization of bromo derivative in 10% ethanolic KOH gave benzodifuran-2-carboxylic acid 5.

Improvement in antihypertensive and antianginal effects of felodipine by enhanced absorption from PLGA nanoparticles optimized by factorial design.

Objective of the present investigation was to enhance the bioavailability of felodipine by targeting the M cells of Peyer's patches using PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). Felodipine exhibits poor bioavailability due to limited aqueous solubility and extensive first pass metabolism. NPs were prepared using nanoprecipitation and optimized by 3(2) factorial design.

Evaluating the Ameliorative Potential of Quercetin against the Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Wistar Rats.

The current study deals with the effect of a dietary flavanoid quercetin on fibrotic lung tissue in rats. Bleomycin was administered by single intratracheal instillation to Wistar rats to induce lung fibrosis. The pathologies associated with this included significantly reduced antioxidant capacity, ultimately leading to protracted inflammation of the lung tissue.

Use of Nonspecific, Glutamic Acid-Free, Media and High Glycerol or High Amylase as Inducing Parameters for Screening Bacillus Isolates Having High Yield of Polyglutamic Acid.

Out of fifty-five Bacillus isolates obtained from ten different regional locations and sources, seven showed the ability to consistently produce specific extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) on rich as well as synthetic but nonspecific media which did not contain glutamic acid. The isolates were identified as either Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus subtilis. The EPS from all isolates was resistant to alpha protease, proteinase K, and was thus of high molecular weight.

Carboplatin-induced Fanconi-like syndrome in rats: amelioration by pentoxifylline.

Introduction: Carboplatin is a congener of cisplatin used in the treatment of ovarian, head and neck and small-cell lung cancer. However, the clinical efficacy of carboplatin is marred by the development of ROS-dependent nephrotoxicity. The pathophysiological damage inflicted upon the kidney by carboplatin closely resembles to that of Fanconi syndrome.