Enhanced translocation of TRIM32 to mitochondria sensitizes dopaminergic neuronal cells to apoptosis during stress conditions in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons from the substantia nigra region of the brain. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major causes of oxidative stress and neuronal cell death in PD. E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Parkin (PRKN) modulate mitochondrial quality control in PD; however, the role of other E3 ligases associated with mitochondria in the regulation of neuronal cell death in PD has not been explored.

An Approach to Track and Analyze the Trend of Antimicrobial Resistance Using Python: A Pilot Study for Anand, Gujarat, India-May 2022-August 2023.

The present work deals with the analysis and monitoring of bacterial resistance in using Python for the state of Gujarat, India, where occurrences of drug-resistant bacteria are prevalent. This will provide an insight into the portfolio of drug-resistant bacteria reported, which can be used to track resistance behavior and to suggest a treatment regime for the particular bacteria. The present analysis has been done using Python on Jupyter Notebook as the integrated development environment and its data analysis libraries such as Pandas, Seaborn, and Matplotlib.

Studies on a novel SrZr CaLa O :Eu phosphor for lighting applications emitting direct white light.

Direct white light emitting phosphors play a significant role in the display industry due to their ability to improve the quality, efficiency, and versatility of lighting sources used in most of the displays. The currently investigated phosphor SrZr CaLa O :Eu was prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method. It has been observed that the stoichiometric ratio of all precursors plays an important role in determining the characteristics of the final phosphor.

Reply to "Comment on 'Brownian motion with time-dependent friction and single-particle dynamics in liquids' ".

In this reply, we respond to the comments by Lisý and Tóthová (LT) on our recent work [Phys. Rev. E 105, 064107 (2022)10.

Chitosan supported silver nanostructures as surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensor: Spectroscopic and density functional theory insights.

In this work, nanostructures comprising silver nanoparticles supported on a wrinkled chitosan matrix (Ag@Ch) were successfully synthesized by a simple aging process at room temperature for four days through self-assembly. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide was used as a support as well as a reducing agent for the formation of Ag nanostructures and the creation of hotspots for SERS activity. The fabricated Ag@Ch nanostructures were characterized by several spectroscopic techniques and were used as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate.

Comparative Study of Impact of Gamma and MeV Ion Irradiations on Electrical and Optical Properties Polystyrene/EuO Nanocomposites.

In the present study, the effect of gamma irradiation and 90 MeV carbon ion beam irradiation on electrical properties and optical of Polystyrene/EuO nanocomposites at different fluences were examined. Modified electrical and optical responses of polymer nanocomposites were investigated using Impedance, Photoluminescence and UV-VIS spectroscopies. FTIR analysis shows a reduction of various modes of molecular vibrations caused by 90 MeV carbon ion beam irradiation.

Activation cross section for the (n,2n) and (n,p) reactions on Rh, Ti and Cr from reaction threshold up to 25 MeV energy region.

Activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric methods were used to measure the ground and isomeric state (n,2n) reaction cross section for Rh at two different neutron energies. The standard Al (n,α)Na reference reaction was used to normalise neutron flux. The proton beam from the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility in Mumbai, India, was utilised to create high-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutrons via the Li (p,n) reaction.

hsa-miR-320a mediated exosome release under PD stress conditions rescue mitochondrial ROS and cell death in the recipient neuronal and glial cells.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuronal cell death. Emerging evidence suggest exosomes as a crucial player in the progression and pathogenesis of PD via intercellular communication between different cell types in brain. Exosome release is enhanced from dysfunctional neurons/glia (source cells) under PD stress and mediates the transfer of biomolecules between different cell types (recipient) in brain leading to unique functional outcomes.

Late infantile and adult-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy due to novel missense variants in the gene: Case report from India.

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) due to Sap-B deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused due to biallelic variants in the gene. The gene encodes a precursor protein prosaposin, which is subsequently cleaved to form four active glycoproteins: Sap-A, Sap-B, Sap-C, and Sap-D. In case of deficiency of the sphingolipid activator protein Sap-B, there is a gradual accumulation of cerebroside-3-sulfate in the myelin of the nervous system resulting in progressive demyelination.

Regulation of cGAS-STING signalling in cancer: Approach for combination therapy.

Innate immunity plays an important role not only during infection but also homeostatic role during stress conditions. Activation of the immune system including innate immune response plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis. The innate immune sensor recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) (cGAS-STING) and induces type-1 immune response during viral and bacterial infection.

Altered trafficking of miRNAs at mitochondria modulates mitochondrial functions and cell death in brain ischemia.

Stroke is one of the major causes of death and disabilities worldwide. The rapid induction of cell death by necrosis and apoptosis is observed at the ischemic core, while long lasting apoptosis and brain inflammation continue in the penumbra. The emerging evidence suggests a critical role of mitochondria in acute and chronic inflammation and cell death.

In the Quest for Potent and Selective Malic Enzyme 3 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

The genome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with frequent deletion of the tumor suppressor gene SMAD family member 4 () with collateral deletion of its chromosomal neighbor malic enzyme 2 (). In PDAC cells, ME3 takes over the function of the ME2 enzyme, and hence therapeutic targeting of ME3 is expected to arrest tumor growth. Hitherto no selective small molecule inhibitor of ME3 has been reported in the context of PDAC.

Design and characterization of a biosensor with lipase immobilized nanoparticles in polymer film for the detection of triglycerides.

High levels of triglycerides in blood can harden and block the arteries increasing the risk of heart disease and strokes. Triglycerides are important constituents of oils and fats used in various foods. The triglyceride content in commercial preparations of oils is estimated using conventional methods.

Cajanus cajan shows multiple novel adaptations in response to regular mechanical stress.

Cajanus cajan is one of the least studied crop plants regarding its responses to stress conditions. Regular mechanical stress suppresses plant physiology and growth at the cellular and systemic levels. In the current study, we have explored morphological, physiological, and anatomical adaptations of C.

Large-scale staple food fortification as a complementary strategy to address vitamin and mineral vulnerabilities in India: A critical review.

The slow improvement in micronutrient malnutrition globally and in India warrants a need for scaling-up scientifically proven, cost-effective public health interventions. The present review discusses the potential of staple food fortification as a complementary strategy to tackle micronutrient deficiencies, while addressing the current concerns raised regarding its implementation. The review indicates the below par status of current strategies like dietary diversity and supplementation to address multiple micronutrients deficiencies in India and the need for complementary strategies to tackle this problem.

Evaluation of selected antidiabetics in cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia.

So far, the cardio-protective potential of antidiabetics is proved, but their effect on cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia is not explored until now. Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance along with systemic inflammation are prominent in cachexia but the potential effect of antidiabetic agents especially those belonging to biguanide, DPP4 inhibitors and SGLT2 on the heart are not studied till now. In present study, the effect of metformin, vildagliptin, teneligliptin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin on cardiovascular complications associated with cancer cachexia by using B16F1 induced metastatic cancer cachexia and urethane-induced cancer cachexia was studied.

Investigation of (d, 3n) reaction cross section using theoretical nuclear codes calculations on some nuclear materials.

It is important to examine the effects of the nuclear reaction, which is used as a building material in nuclear reactors. Nuclear reactions occur as a result of the interaction between incident particles with the target nuclei. The charged particle-induced reactions have prime importance in understanding the reaction mechanism which can be applicable to understand the particles resulting from the reaction.

DNA damage induces STING mediated IL-6-STAT3 survival pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells and decreased survival of breast cancer patients.

Triple-negative breast cancer is aggressive and metastatic breast cancer type and shows immune evasion, drug resistance, relapse and poor survival. Anti-cancer therapy like ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutic drug majorly induces DNA damage hence, alteration in DNA damage repair and downstream pathways may contribute to tumor cell survival. DNA damage during chemotherapy is sensed by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which determines the anti-tumor immune response by modulating the expression of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), immune suppressor, in the tumor microenvironment.

Different platforms for mitomiRs in mitochondria: Emerging facets in regulation of mitochondrial functions.

Mitochondria are one of the central organelles involved in cellular energy metabolism and play a regulatory role in various human pathologies ranging from inborn errors of metabolism, cancer, inflammation, and infections. Mitochondrial DNA encodes limited number of genes that is not sufficient for its optimal functioning. Hence, mitochondria import ∼1500 of proteins and ncRNAs from the nucleus depending on energy requirement of cell, tissue size, complexity and diversity of functions.

Brownian motion with time-dependent friction and single-particle dynamics in liquids.

A microscopic theory of molecular motion in classical monatomic liquids, proposed by Glass and Rice [Phys. Rev. 176, 239 (1968)10.

Microlithic variation and the Mesolithic occupations of western India.

Considerable confusion and uncertainty persist on the cultural and chronological contexts of Holocene microlithic assemblages reported from South Asia. The paucity of securely dated sites with microlithic remains has compounded the confusion. Evidence from sites securely attributed to the Mesolithic based on a holistic approach (including direct evidence of plant and animal exploitation strategies) is needed to provide a better understanding of Mesolithic lithic tool-kits.

Luminescence studies of a Li Ca SiO :xSm phosphor for the generation of white light under NUV-excited phosphor converting LEDs.

In this paper, we present new aspects of Sm -doped pure Li CaSiO as a suitable candidate for white light emitting diode (WLED) applications. The samples were mainly prepared using a conventional modified solid-state synthesis technique. The structural studies were done using X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement.