The Role of the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and the Castelli Risk Index I and II in Cardiovascular Disease.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS), identified by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and/or dyslipidemia, occurs across all BMI (body mass index) ranges and increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) diseases and type II diabetes. The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) and Castelli Risk Index (CRI) I & II are ratios that can be calculated from a simple lipid profile test. These ratios are independent risk factors for CV diseases and have been shown to be increased in angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.

Correlation of Preoperative Hippocampal Volume Measured with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Emergence from General Anaesthesia in Elective Neurosurgical Patients: An Observational Study.

Background And Objectives: The electrophysiological process of emergence from general anesthesia (GA) commences from deeper structures of the brain rather than the cortex. The phylogenetically old parts of the brain (hippocampus) are the first to recover during emergence. Study objectives were to evaluate and predict the effect of preoperative hippocampal volume (HV) measured using MRI with emergence from GA and delayed extubation in patients undergoing elective neurosurgical procedures.

Colours of India: Uniting Endocrinologists in Fitness and Friendship.

Colours of India is an annual cultural phenomenon that transcends the boundaries of professional conferences, uniting endocrinologists through the universal language of music and dance. Since its inception in 2016, this vibrant event has brought together teams from across India and other participating countries, showcasing diverse dance forms while fostering friendships, promoting wellness, and celebrating cultural diversity within the medical community.

Microsurgical Anatomy of Middle Cerebral Artery in Northwest Indian Population: A Cadaveric Brain Dissection Study.

The introduction of cadaveric dissection of cerebral vasculature as a part of the neurosurgical training module would help the neurosurgical residents to understand the complex neuroanatomy of the brain vasculature and help gain confdence during the surgical procedure.To the best of our knowledge microsurgical anatomical studies of theMCA have not been done among the Northwest Indian population. Anatomical variations of MCA that have not been described before may come in as a surprise during any surgical intervention.

Topiroxostat-A Safer Uricostatic Drug with Enhanced Renal Protection: A Narrative Review.

Topiroxostat, a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor, effectively reduces serum urate levels in hyperuricemia patients with or without gout. The present narrative review aims to evaluate the existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of topiroxostat on renal function in patients with and without kidney disease. A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant studies on renal function and topiroxostat published between 2005 and 2023.

COVID-19 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS): a propensity matched analysis (2020-2021).

Background: By 2023, COVID-19 had caused 6.8 million deaths in the United States. COVID-19 presents more severely in leukemia compared to solid tumors (OR 1.

A Comparative Study of the Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) vs. Other Conservative Treatments for Lateral Epicondylitis.

Background Lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is a degenerative condition that affects a significant portion of the adult population, particularly those between the ages of 35 and 55. Conventional treatments, including analgesics, physiotherapy, and bracing, often lead to a high recurrence rate. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has emerged as a promising alternative, offering regenerative benefits that may enhance tissue healing.

A Study Examining the Functional Outcomes of Conservative and Surgical Management of Three- and Four-Part Proximal Humerus Fractures in Individuals Aged Over 50 Years.

Background:  Proximal humerus fractures are common in elderly patients and are often associated with osteoporosis. The management of these fractures, particularly three-part and four-part fractures, remains controversial, with conservative and surgical treatments both employed. This study compared conservative and surgical management's functional outcomes in subjects over 50 years.

Unexpected Origins: A Case Report of Escherichia coli-Linked Cerebral Abscess in an Adult.

Brain abscesses in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD), particularly cyanotic CHD, present significant morbidity and mortality risks. While  is a known neonatal meningitis pathogen, its involvement in adult intracranial abscesses is rare. This report details a 36-year-old female with an uncorrected ventricular septal defect (VSD) and Eisenmenger syndrome, presenting with neurological symptoms.

Clinical and Hormonal Profile of Classical 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Experience from a Tertiary Centre In India.

Introduction: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder requiring treatment with steroids. Both over and under-treatment can have an impact on growth outcomes.

Aims: The aim of this study was to study the clinical and hormonal profile of a cohort of individuals with classical 21-hydroxylase CAH and to assess the factors influencing growth outcomes in these individuals.

Clinical profile and outcomes in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome; a systematic review.

Introduction: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS) stands as a rare headache disorder distinguished by painful ophthalmoplegia, accompanied by headaches and cranial nerve palsies. The syndrome was initially identified by Eduardo Tolosa in Spain in 1954. He observed granulomatous inflammation surrounding a carotid siphon in a patient with an intracavernous carotid aneurysm.

Effect of urinary tract infection on the outcome of the allograft in patients with kidney transplantation.

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most common cause of graft dysfunction, accounting for significant morbidity, and are associated with poor graft and patient survival. This study aimed to assess the association between post-renal transplant UTI and graft outcomes.

Methods: We examined the effect of UTIs on graft outcomes in patients who underwent renal transplantation surgery between January 2010 and December 2022.

Morphometry of the Foramen Ovale in Adult Human Skulls from a Clinical Perspective.

Introduction: The foramen ovale (FO) is present in the posterior part of the greater wing of sphenoid. A trauma or space-occupying lesion in this area would result in clinical manifestations due to compression of the structures passing through it. This study was undertaken because of the clinical significance of the FO in radiological and neurological procedures.

Adverse drug reactions and drug-related problems with supportive care medications among the oncological population.

Aim: The current study emphasizes the impact of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) caused by supportive care medications administered with chemotherapy.

Method: This is a longitudinal observational study carried out at the Ramaiah Medical College Hospital in Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, at the Department of Oncology. The data was recorded using a specifically created data collecting form.

A Rare Pituitary Tumor.

Sellar-suprasellar masses, with diverse origins ranging from infiltrative to neoplastic processes, are frequently encountered in endocrinology clinics. Evaluation involves a detailed history, hormone analysis, and imaging of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. However, overlapping hormonal and imaging features can complicate diagnosis, often necessitating confirmation through tissue biopsy.

Carotid Artery Doppler: A Possible Non-invasive Diagnostic Approach to Assessing the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease.

Background And Objectives: Carotid artery Doppler ultrasound is being explored for its potential as a non-invasive tool for evaluating coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to investigate the association between carotid Doppler parameters and CAD severity, as determined by the Gensini score (GS) and multi-vessel disease presence.

Methods: Ninety patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and carotid ultrasound were retrospectively analysed.

A Prospective Observational Study of Renal Involvement in Hematological Malignancies.

Patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) are at high risk of infections and comorbidities that substantially increase the occurrence of renal failure. Thus, the management of renal dysfunction in patients with HMs is crucial. The current study aimed to determine the incidence of renal involvement in patients with HMs and analyze their clinical profile in the context of renal disorders.

Gustatory dysfunction in euthyroid primary hypothyroidism.

Objectives: The study assessed gustatory functions in patients with primary hypothyroidism who are euthyroid on supplemental hormone therapy with levothyroxine over six months' duration and to evaluate the association of gustatory dysfunction, if any, with the serum TSH levels.

Design: This analytical community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2021, following participants' ethical approval and written informed consent.

Setting: The study was conducted in a tertiary health care centre in Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Regional variations in antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired uropathogenic in India: Findings of a multicentric study highlighting the importance of local antibiograms.

Objectives: Evidence-based prescribing is essential to optimize patient outcomes in cystitis. This requires knowledge of local antibiotic resistance rates. Diagnostic and Antimicrobial Stewardship (DASH) to Protect Antibiotics (https://dashuti.

Social Isolation, Loneliness, and Cardiovascular Mortality: The Role of Health Care System Interventions.

Purpose Of Review: The world is proliferating rapidly, with science and technology advancing at an incredible rate. These advances have, however, ushered in an age with a rise in social isolation (SI) and loneliness. SI is an objective term that refers to lacking social contact or support.

Defining the "Cutoff" on the Urethral Caliber in Diagnosing a Female Urethral Stricture.

Introduction The rarity in detecting female urethral stricture (FUS) backed by the inconsistency regarding the cutoff on the caliber to direct any treatment for its increase poses a challenge to its existence. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the caliber of the urethra that clearly identifies a FUS. Materials and method In this prospective observational study conducted between November 2015 and July 2017, women with obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and a history of relief on at least a single urethral dilatation were included if the American Urological Association (AUA) score was more than seven and the maximum flow rate (Qmax) was less than 20 mL/sec.

Clinico-microbiological Profile and Outcomes of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnancy.

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during pregnancy can lead to symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI), with increased fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the incidence, clinical and microbiological profile, and outcome of ASB in pregnant women attending our antenatal clinic.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 3769 pregnant women in a routine antenatal clinic at a tertiary care center.