Evaluating the need for standardised disease manifestation categories in patients infected with the tick-borne encephalitis virus: A Delphi panel.

Categorization systems for tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) infection lack consistency in classifying disease severity. To evaluate the need for a standard, consensus-based categorisation system for TBEV infection across subtypes, we gathered an expert panel of clinicians and scientists with diverse expertise in TBEV infection. Consensus was sought using the Delphi technique, which consisted of 2 web-based survey questionnaires and a final, virtual, consensus-building exercise.

A core genome MLST scheme for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato improves insights into the evolutionary history of the species complex.

Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) based on eight genes has become the method of choice for Borrelia typing and is extensively used for population studies. Whole-genome sequencing enables studies to scale up to genomic levels but necessitates extended schemes. We have developed a 639-loci core genome MLST (cgMLST) scheme for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.

Alzheimer's disease-associated CD83(+) microglia are linked with increased immunoglobulin G4 and human cytomegalovirus in the gut, vagal nerve, and brain.

Introduction: While there may be microbial contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD), findings have been inconclusive. We recently reported an AD-associated CD83(+) microglia subtype associated with increased immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the transverse colon (TC).

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry (IHC), IgG4 repertoire profiling, and brain organoid experiments to explore this association.

Transverse Myelitis in a Healthy Adult Female Patient: A Rare Viral Etiology.

Transverse myelitis (TM) is an uncommon but extensively documented neurological disorder marked by acute spinal cord inflammation, resulting in a spectrum of impairments including motor, sensory, and autonomic disturbances. We outline a rare case of viral-induced TM linked to COVID-19 and Coxsackie B viral infections. A 25-year-old healthy female patient presented with acute bilateral upper and lower extremity weakness, paresthesia, and urinary retention.

Borrelia miyamotoi and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato widespread in urban areas of the Czech Republic.

Background: Borrelia miyamotoi and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) are important zoonotic agents transmitted by Ixodes ricinus ticks, which are widely distributed across Central Europe.

The AxBioTick study - immune gene expression signatures in human skin bitten by Borrelia-infected versus non-infected ticks.

Background: Borrelia infection is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and transmitted by Ixodes ricinus ticks, a common tick-borne infection in Northern Europe. The establishment of Borrelia infection depends on transmission of the spirochetes, as well as the immune response generated in the skin after a bite. Here we aim to investigate the local immune response in the skin after a tick bite and assess the possible direct effects of Borrelia, by applying gene expression analysis of the immune response in skin exposed to Borrelia-infected and non-infected ticks, respectively.

Recurrent Facial Paralysis in a 14-Year-Old Due to Brazilian Lyme Disease: A Case Report.

Lyme disease is a prevalent infection in the northern hemisphere, affecting approximately 450,000 new cases annually in the United States and 65,000 in Europe. This illness is spread by the bite of ticks harboring spirochetes and develops in three progressive phases. In the second phase, neurological complications are common, including cranial nerve involvement.

Ticked Off: A Case of Disappearing Cell Lines.

Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is transmitted by the black-legged tick and presents with fever, thrombocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and elevated transaminases. If left untreated, HGA can progress to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), which can be fatal. Here, we discuss a case of a woman diagnosed with anaplasmosis who was treated promptly.

Assessment of occupational exposure of soldiers to Lyme disease and Borrelia miyamotoi disease in selected military training areas from northern Poland.

Ixodes ricinus tick is a vector of bacteria of Borreliella genus and Borrelia miyamotoi. Exposure to ticks constitutes occupational risk to soldiers, but the current knowledge on this subject is still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate tick abundance and prevalence of infection with Borreliella spp.

Significance of Detecting Serum Antibodies to Outer Surface Protein A of Lyme Disease in PCR-Confirmed Blood Infections.

: Lyme disease is caused by some species of tick-borne bacteria of the genus , termed Lyme disease (LDB). is the LDB species principally responsible for Lyme disease in the US. The outer surface protein A (OspA) of LDB attaches the bacteria to the gut of tick vectors.

Activation of the tick Toll pathway to control infection of Ixodes ricinus by the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti.

The vector competence of blood-feeding arthropods is influenced by the interaction between pathogens and the immune system of the vector. The Toll and IMD (immune deficiency) signaling pathways play a key role in the regulation of innate immunity in both the Drosophila model and blood-feeding insects. However, in ticks (chelicerates), immune determination for pathogen acquisition and transmission has not yet been fully explored.

contributes to the virulence of in a murine model of Lyme disease.

, the Lyme disease pathogen, continuously changes its gene expression profile in order to adapt to ticks and mammalian hosts. The alternative sigma factor RpoS plays a central role in borrelial host adaptation. Global transcriptome analyses suggested that more than 100 genes might be regulated by RpoS, but the main part of the regulon remains unexplored.

CspZ variant-specific interaction with Factor H incorporates a metal site to support Lyme borreliae complement evasion.

Polymorphic microbial immune evasion proteins dictate the pathogen species- or strain-specific virulence. Metals can impact how microbial proteins confer host-pathogen interactions, but whether this activity can be allelically variable is unclear. Here, we investigate the polymorphic CspZ protein of Lyme disease (LD) spirochete bacteria to assess the role of metals in protein-protein interaction.

[Lyme's disease. A critical analysis of its presence in Argentina].

Introduction: Lyme disease (LD) is caused by bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex and transmitted by the bite of ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. To date, no autochthonous cases have been reported in Argentina. Its diagnosis involves serological tests included in a two-step algorithm.

Metatranscriptomic analysis reveals the diversity of RNA viruses in ticks in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Ticks are widely distributed throughout China and are the second most prevalent pathogen vectors in the world, following only mosquitoes. Tick bites can lead to Lyme disease, forest encephalitis, and other illnesses that may result in death under severe circumstances. Materials and methods: Ticks collected from March 2021 to May 2023 were pooled and used in metatranscriptomic analyses to gain insight into the diversity and distribution of tick-borne viruses in Inner Mongolia.

Lyme disease in Poland in 2022.

Introduction: In Poland, Lyme disease has been subject to mandatory reporting and registration since 1996, and following EU law, cases of neuroborreliosis have been reported to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) since 2019. Lyme disease is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes genus, and humans become infected through the bite of an infected tick. Due to the varied symptoms, diagnosis can be difficult and usually involves two-stage serological diagnostics.

Disparities in Peripheral Artery Disease-related Mortality in Chronic Inflammatory Disease in the United States from 1999 to 2020.

Introduction: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a marker of significant atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and is associated with greater healthcare burden and worse prognosis in individuals with chronic inflammatory disease (CID). We aimed to investigate temporal trends and disparities of PAD-related mortality in populations with CID from 1999-2020 across six common CIDs (i.e.

Transovarial and transstadial transmission of Borrelia valaisiana, the pathogen of Lyme borreliosis, in the sheep tick, Ixodes ricinus L.

In this study, molecular analysis was used to show the possibility of transovarial and transstadial transmission of Borrelia valaisiana in Ixodes ricinus ticks in the natural biotopes of North-Western Russia. Female ticks collected in nature were fed on rabbits; larvae obtained from these females were fed on white mice. Eggs, female ticks after the egg deposition, larvae and nymphs of ticks after overwintering were studied for Borrelia burgdorferi s.

Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor influences periarticular joint inflammation in -infected mice.

Lyme disease, caused by , is the most common tick-borne infection in the United States. Arthritis is a major clinical manifestation of infection, and synovial tissue damage has been attributed to the excessive pro-inflammatory responses. The secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) promotes tissue repair and exerts anti-inflammatory effects.

Dysphagia due to Lyme Disease: A Case Report.

Lyme disease is a multisystem infection that can affect the joints, heart, and nervous system when untreated. While it can present with cranial nerve palsy, dysphagia is rarely reported. This case highlights a rare instance of dysphagia in Lyme disease, typically known for neurological symptoms like facial nerve palsy.

Global prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum coinfection in wild and domesticated animals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Both Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap) can infect humans and animals through tick-borne transmission, resulting in zoonosis. Under certain conditions, human infection can lead to Lyme disease (LD) and human granulocytosis (HGA), whereas infection in animals can cause various acute and non-specific symptoms. The combination of Bb and Ap has been reported to increase the disease severity in infected animals.

Similarities between and genomes and horizontal gene transfer from their endosymbionts.

The taxa and are sympatric in Tunisia. The genetics underlying their morphological differences are unresolved. In this study, ticks collected in Jouza-Amdoun, Tunisia, were morphologically identified and sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technologies.

One health: Subchronic exposure to low ambient hydrogen sulfide increases mortality of influenza A virus infection in mice.

The environment plays an important role in modulating susceptibility and severity of respiratory tract infections. Influenza is a significant zoonotic disease globally. Hydrogen sulfide (HS), a respiratory tract irritant and toxic gas, is ubiquitous in the environment.

[Long COVID - neurological or somatoform disease?].

Background And Purpose: