4-Thiazolidinone-Bearing Hybrid Molecules in Anticancer Drug Design.

Oncological diseases have currently reached an epidemic scale, especially in industrialized countries. Such a situation has prompted complex studies in medicinal chemistry focused on the research and development of novel effective anticancer drugs. In this review, the data concerning new 4-thiazolidinone-bearing hybrid molecules with potential anticancer activity reported during the period from the years 2017-2022 are summarized.

Influence of Selected Indicators of Healthcare System Functioning Evaluation on the Health Result.

Background: According to the World Health Organization's statistics, 7 of the 10 main causes of death in 2019 were noncommunicable diseases. Health indicators are measures used to evaluate public health system effectiveness and functioning. Monitoring mortality rates from leading causes, life expectancy and other health indicators is essential to address their causes and adapt health systems to react adequately.

Secreted mutant calreticulins as rogue cytokines in myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Mutant calreticulin (CALR) proteins resulting from a -1/+2 frameshifting mutation of the CALR exon 9 carry a novel C-terminal amino acid sequence and drive the development of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Mutant CALRs were shown to interact with and activate the thrombopoietin receptor (TpoR/MPL) in the same cell. We report that mutant CALR proteins are secreted and can be found in patient plasma at levels up to 160 ng/mL, with a mean of 25.

Thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazole structures as promising scaffold with anticancer potential.

Seven chromeno[4',3':4,5]thiopyrano[2,3-d]thiazole derivatives were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic effects on different lines of mammalian leukemia, breast adenocarcinoma, glioblastoma, and pseudo-normal and normal cells. The derivative 3 demonstrated toxicity towards tumor cells of Jurkat, K562, U251, HL-60, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 lines. At the same time, this compound possessed low toxicity (IC > 100 μM) towards cells, used as control, representing non-tumor, somatic cells: HaCaT, HEK293 cells as well as murine Balb/c 3T3 and J774.

Assessment of oral hygiene maintenance in 12-18-year-old children and teenagers with fixed orthodontic appliances.

Background: Good oral hygiene is very important to ensure successful orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatments may cause plaque accumulation and in this way the development of caries and periodontal diseases which are basically caused by dental plaque. The aim of this study was to compare the features of oral hygiene among different age groups and genders in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.

PSYCHOLOGICAL-FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PERSON WHO COMMITED A PREMEDITATED MURDER IN A STATE OF STRONG COMMOTION.

The article deals with the issues of the psychological characteristics of the person who commits a premeditated murder in a state of strong commotion and its role in the method of investigation of the specified type of the criminal offense. The author analyzes the works of domestic and foreign authors who conducted research on the above-mentioned issue. The essence of a premeditated murder in a state of strong commotion under the legislation of Ukraine and features of criminal responsibility for its commission, as well as analysis and classification of the notion of the offender from the positions of various branches of scientific knowledge are revealed.

EARLY PROGNOSIS OF HYPOGALACTIA IN BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION.

An increase in the hypogalactia frequency diagnosis in breastfeeding mothers is one of the world-spread medical and social problems and is especially high in women with risk factors of lactation disorders. Early estimation of risk factors creates opportunities for physicians to diagnose the lactation problem that mothers face and solve it. Aim - to identify and calculate prognostic criteria for determining the risk of hypogalactia in breastfeeding mothers and strategies to help women overcome them.

DIAGNOSIS OF AN ALLERGIC REACTION TO ANTIBIOTICS IN AN PATIENT WITH ACTIVE HUMAN HERPESVIRUS -4, -6 TYPE INFECTION (CLINICAL CASE).

Beta-lactam antibiotics (BLAs) can provoke drug hypersensitivity reactions, particularly delayed-type reactions. This article presents a case of drug allergy with manifestations of Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJD) in a 42-year-old man with yersiniosis and active herpesvirus -4, -6 type, who received amoxacillin with clavulanic acid. The patient underwent a basophil activation test (BAT) for BLAs, and a positive result was found for both amoxacillin and 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins.

Alcohol-related dysmorphic features as predictors of neurodevelopmental delay in infants and preschool-aged children: Results from a birth cohort in Ukraine.

Background: Cardinal and non-cardinal dysmorphic features are associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE); however, their association with neurodevelopment is less clear. The objective of this study was to determine whether alcohol-related dysmorphic features predict neurodevelopmental delay in infants and toddlers.

Methods: We analyzed a prospective pregnancy cohort in western Ukraine enrolled between 2008 and 2014.

Pathophysiological and clinical aspects of the circadian rhythm of arterial stiffness in diabetes mellitus: A minireview.

Several cross-sectional trials have revealed increased arterial stiffness connected with the cardiac autonomic neuropathy in types 2 and 1 diabetic patients. The pathophysiological relationship between arterial stiffness and autonomic dysfunction in diabetes mellitus is still underinvestigated and the question whether the presence of cardiac autonomic neuropathy leads to arterial stiffening or increased arterial stiffness induced autonomic nervous system impairment is still open. Both arterial stiffness and dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system have common pathogenetic pathways, counting state of the chronic hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, increased formation of advanced glycation end products, activation of protein kinase C, development of endothelial dysfunction, and chronic low-grade inflammation.

Ukraine's triple emergency: Food crisis amid conflicts and COVID-19 pandemic.

Globally, both Russia and Ukraine play a key role in food production. Both countries are known for their meticulous positions in producing and exporting wheat, maize, sunflower seed oil, and cotton seed oil. Although the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has been going on for more than 5 years, the recent invasion of Russia in Ukraine has endangered food security in Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Selenium: An Antioxidant with a Critical Role in Anti-Aging.

Aging is characterized by an imbalance between damage inflicted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidative defenses of the organism. As a significant nutritional factor, the trace element selenium (Se) may remodel gradual and spontaneous physiological changes caused by oxidative stress, potentially leading to disease prevention and healthy aging. Se is involved in improving antioxidant defense, immune functions, and metabolic homeostasis.

Polyphenols in Metabolic Diseases.

Polyphenols (PPs) are a large group of phytochemicals containing phenolic rings with two or more hydroxyl groups. They possess powerful antioxidant properties, multiple therapeutic effects, and possible health benefits in vivo and in vitro, as well as reported clinical studies. Considering their free-radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties, these substances can be used to treat different kinds of conditions associated with metabolic disorders.

Development of Novel Pyridine-Thiazole Hybrid Molecules as Potential Anticancer Agents.

Novel pyridine-thiazole hybrid molecules were synthesized and subjected to physico-chemical characterization and screening of their cytotoxic action towards a panel of cell lines derived from different types of tumors (carcinomas of colon, breast, and lung, glioblastoma and leukemia), and normal human keratinocytes, for comparison. High antiproliferative activity of the 3-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-[4-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-thiazol-5-yl]-propenone 3 and 4-(2-{1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-[4-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-ylamino)-thiazol-5-yl]-3-oxopropylsulfanyl}-acetylamino)-benzoic acid ethyl ester 4 was revealed. The IC50 of the compound 3 in HL-60 cells of the acute human promyelocytic leukemia was 0.

Multi-purpose transport monitoring of passenger-cargo traffic in Ukraine.

Background: The epidemiological and environmental security of states is the most important component for the functioning of the International Transport Corridors (ITC). The growing capacity of passenger and cargo flows increases the risk of the spread of dangerous infectious diseases in the territories of the countries on the route of the ITC. Preventing the introduction of dangerous infections by various vehicles and the activation of local natural foci are the priority in the anti-epidemic provision of the population of Ukraine.

Congenital malformations of the urinary system as visceral markers of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia.

Objective: The relevance of this study is conditioned by the need for urgent search and implementation of effective methods of treatment of urinary system diseases in people of different ages, as well as addressing issues of quality treatment of connective tissue diseases in general and its dysplasia in particular. The aim of the article is to identify congenital defects as visceral markers of connective tissue dysplasia.

Methods: The methodology of this study includes a survey of a group of children with considerable problems in the development and functioning of the urinary system at the age of 2 weeks to 3 years, in order to qualitatively select and determine the most effective methods of treatment.

The human toll and humanitarian crisis of the Russia-Ukraine war: the first 162 days.

Background: We examined the human toll and subsequent humanitarian crisis resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began on 24 February 2022.

Method: We extracted and analysed data resulting from Russian military attacks on Ukrainians between 24 February and 4 August 2022. The data tracked direct deaths and injuries, damage to healthcare infrastructure and the impact on health, the destruction of residences, infrastructure, communication systems, and utility services - all of which disrupted the lives of Ukrainians.

Quercetin in the Prevention and Treatment of Coronavirus Infections: A Focus on SARS-CoV-2.

The COVID-19 outbreak seems to be the most dangerous challenge of the third millennium due to its highly contagious nature. Amongst natural molecules for COVID-19 treatment, the flavonoid molecule quercetin (QR) is currently considered one of the most promising. QR is an active agent against SARS and MERS due to its antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and some other beneficial effects.

DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE MICROBIAL PICTURE OF THE ORAL CAVITY ON THE BACKGROUND OF CHRONIC OPIOID EXPOSURE IN THE EXPERIMENT.

Objective: The aim is to investigate changes in the microbiota of dental biofilm at the end of the eighth, tenth and twelfth weeks of experimental opioid exposure.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study was performed on 36 white outbred adult male rats, which were injected with the opioid analgesic nalbuphine in increasing doses (0,212 - 0,3 mg / kg) during 8, 10 and 12 weeks. Qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota of dental biofilm was studied using statistical analysis.

Anticancer 5-arylidene-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aminothiazol-4(5H)-ones as tubulin inhibitors.

Studying the anticancer activity of 5-arylidene-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)aminothiazol-4(5H)-ones towards cell lines of different cancer types allowed the identification of hit-compounds inhibiting the growth of daunorubicin- (CEM-DNR, IC  = 0.32-1.28 µM) and paclitaxel-resistant (K562-TAX, IC  = 0.

AN ANXIETY AS A RESPONSE TO DISTRESS AND AS A SYMPTOM OF STRESS DISORDERS IN WARTIME.

Objective: The aim: A comprehensive analysis of anxiety as an emotional state and pathopsychological symptom in the situation of a massive humanitarian catastrophe in wartime.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A systematic search was conducted up to April 2022 in the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, DOAJ, and CORE. Three reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to a predefined aim.

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH COVID-19 PNEUMONIA: CORRELATION WITH DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINICAL AND EMOTIONAL PROFILE.

Objective: The aim: To study the structure of cognitive impairment in patients who were hospitalized with moderate to severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Investigate the correlation with demographic, biochemical parameters, as well as the emotional state of the patient.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: Cognitive functions were assessed using the MOCA test.

PECULIARITIES OF TOLERANCE TO UNCERTAINTY OF PEOPLE IN LATE ADULHOOD AS A FACTOR AFFECTING MENTAL WELL-BEING.

Objective: The aim: The aim of the article is to empirically study the features of tolerance to uncertainty in late adulthood in groups of working and retired people and test the hypothesis of the impact of communication in social networks as one of the possible ways to increase mental well-being in this category of people.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The study was conducted in 2021 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. Forty people aged 60 - 75 were interviewed.