Evaluation of effect of a vitamin-based barrier cream on the clinical severity of actinic cheilitis: A preliminary study.

Background: Actinic Cheilitis (AC) is a pathological condition of the labial mucosa considered potentially malignant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment of AC with daily use of a vitamin-based barrier cream.

Material And Methods: For this clinical study, 36 participants with lower-lip AC were recruited from three oral medicine services.

Impact of nicotine-induced green tobacco sickness on DNA damage and the relation with symptoms and alterations of redox status in tobacco farmers.

During the harvest period, tobacco workers are exposed to nicotine and it is known that absorption of the alkaloid via the leaves causes green tobacco sickness (GST). We investigated if GST and its symptoms are associated with DNA damage and alterations of the redox status. DNA damage was measured in lymphocytes of tobacco workers and controls (n = 40/group) in single cell gel electrophoresis assays.

Self-reported depressive symptoms in dental students: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review the literature about the prevalence of self-reported depressive symptoms in dental students.

Methods: PUBMED, SCOPUS, and EMBASE databases were search up to January 2020 with the following focused questions: "What is the prevalence of self-reported depression symptom in dental students?" and "Are sex and years of educational training associated with self-reported depressive symptom in dental students?". Observational studies that applied a questionnaire assessing depression were eligible.

Lacosamide improves biochemical, genotoxic, and mitochondrial parameters after PTZ-kindling model in mice.

This study evaluated the effect of lacosamide (LCM) on biochemical and mitochondrial parameters after PTZ kindling in mice. Male mice were treated on alternative days for a period of 11 days with LCM (20, 30, or 40 mg/kg), saline, or diazepam (2 mg/kg), before PTZ administration (50 mg/kg). The hippocampi were collected to evaluate free radicals, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the mitochondrial complexes I-III, II, and II-III, as well as Bcl-2 and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions.

Cancer regeneration: Polyploid cells are the key drivers of tumor progression.

In spite of significant advancements of therapies for initial eradication of cancers, tumor relapse remains a major challenge. It is for a long time known that polyploid malignant cells are a main source of resistance against chemotherapy and irradiation. However, therapeutic approaches targeting these cells have not been appropriately pursued which could partly be due to the shortage of knowledge on the molecular biology of cell polyploidy.

Oral Health Birth Cohort Studies: Achievements, Challenges, and Potential.

Birth cohorts are those among observational studies that provide understanding of the natural history and causality of diseases since early in life. Discussions during an International Association for Dental Research symposium in London, United Kingdom, in 2018, followed by a workshop in Bangkok, Thailand, in 2019, concluded that there are few birth cohort studies that consider oral health and that a broader discussion on similarities and differences among those studies would be valuable. This article aims to 1) bring together available long-term data of oral health birth cohort studies from the low, middle, and high-income countries worldwide and 2) describe similarities and differences among these studies.

Early mobilisation post-stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Purpose: To investigate the safety and efficacy of early mobilisation (EM) compared to usual care by meta-analysing individual participant data (IPD).

Materials And Methods: IPD were sought from randomised controlled trials comparing out-of-bed mobilisation starting within 48 h from stroke onset to usual care for acute stroke patients. Six trials were sourced from a recent Cochrane review.

DNA damage and inflammatory response in workers exposed to fuels and paints.

Workers exposed to fuels and paints may present alterations in several parameters. Thus, we assessed potential biomarkers, with the aim of detecting early changes in gasoline station attendants and painters. Blood samples were collected for the analysis of inflammatory and DNA damage markers, besides biochemical, haematological and oxidative stress parameters.

Chemical and physical properties of nanocrystalline chitosan by the method: Modified nanochitosan complex and process of obtaining modified nanochitosan.

Nanocrystalline chitosan (NCC) is a modified form of chitosan, prepared from the method for obtaining chitosan acetate (CA). Due to the greater crystallinity of chitosan nanoparticles in relation to CA, NCC is more thermally stable and thus has great potential in the development of a new generation of biomaterials potentially useful in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. NCC is also characterized by having similar properties to its precursor chitosan, such as its biocompatibility, bioactivity, ability to be bioabsorbed and lack of toxicity.

Quality assessment of randomised controlled trials in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Randomised controlled trials are the best way to study the evaluation of treatments. We have evaluated the quantity and quality of clinical trials in three of the main journals in the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery between January 2010 and December 2016, using a scientometric analysis, and evaluation by the Jadad scale. In this period, 303 randomised controlled trials (5% of the total) were identified; the largest number of studies were from Asia (45%) followed by Europe (32%).

Tooth loss is associated with atherosclerosis and a poorer functional outcome among stroke patients.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was twofold: (1) to test the hypothesis that tooth loss is independently associated with carotid atherosclerotic burden (CAB) among individuals with ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and (2) to test the association between tooth loss and disability following the occurrence of cerebral ischemia.

Materials And Methods: This observational study included 418 patients with IS or TIA. Tooth loss and the CAB were measured through a head and neck multidetector computed tomography angiography.

Application of the UV-vis spectrophotometry method for the determination of glutamate in the cerebrospinal fluid of rats.

In experimental nociception models, there is an increase in the glutamate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and a decrease in its levels in analgesic treatments. For the determination of glutamate in CSF, an analytical UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated. The measurements on the UV-vis spectrophotometer were performed after the derivatization reaction of the neurotransmitter, when reading in the ultraviolet (UV) region, at the maximum absorption wavelength of 265 nm.

Analgesic effects of the CTK 01512-2 toxin in different models of orofacial pain in rats.

Background: Orofacial pain is clinically challenging, having therapeutic failures and side effects. This study evaluated the antinociceptive activities of the CTK 01512-2 toxin, the TRPA1 channel antagonist, and the selective inhibitor of the N-type voltage-gated calcium channels (N-type VGCC), in different pain models.

Materials And Methods: The trigeminal ganglia were stimulated in vitro with capsaicin.

Satisfaction of Primary Healthcare Dentists after the Completion of a Distance Learning Course in Pediatric Dentistry.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the level of satisfaction of dentists working in primary healthcare (PHC) with a Distance learning (DL) course in pediatric dentistry offered by the TeleHealthRS center, and to the investigate possible associations between the variables indicative of their satisfaction and their performance on the questionnaires applied before and after the course.

Methods: The course was offered in 2015 by the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) together with the TeleHealthRS center in Brazil. Data were collected on the participants' personal and professional profile, their pre- and post-course knowledge about pediatric dentistry, and their satisfaction with the course.

Influence of respiratory allergy and restless sleep on definite sleep bruxism: a cross-sectional clinical study.

Objective: This cross-sectional clinical study evaluated the associations between sociodemographic, occupational, clinical conditions, psychological and sleep quality variables on definite sleep bruxism (SB).

Methods: All records obtained from adults (aged 20-60 years) and the elderly (aged >60 years) who had undergone polysomnography (PSG) at a private medical outpatients' clinic from July 2017 to February 2018 were reviewed. Data from a questionnaire, based on the criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM), were also gathered.

Hot air stream reduces cytotoxicity of light-cured calcium hydroxide based cements.

Background: The light-cured calcium hydroxide based cements have incomplete polymerization and unconverted monomers can cause pulp cell damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a warm and hot air stream on the cytotoxicity of light-cured calcium hydroxide based cements.

Material And Methods: The materials Dycal (conventional cement), Biocal, Hidrox-Cal, and Ultra-Blend Plus (light-cured calcium hydroxide cements) were submitted to cytotoxicity analysis after polymerization, without vs.

Cytocompatibility and cell proliferation evaluation of calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and migration of Endosequence Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer (BC Sealer) compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus.

Materials And Methods: BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, and AH Plus were placed in contact with culture medium to obtain sealers extracts in dilution 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. 3T3 cells were plated and exposed to the extracts.

The interRAI Suite of Mental Health Assessment Instruments: An Integrated System for the Continuum of Care.

The lives of persons living with mental illness are affected by psychological, biological, social, economic, and environmental factors over the life course. It is therefore unlikely that simple preventive strategies, clinical treatments, therapeutic interventions, or policy options will succeed as singular solutions for the challenges of mental illness. Persons living with mental illness receive services and supports in multiple settings across the health care continuum that are often fragmented, uncoordinated, and inadequately responsive.

Incidence and prognosis of crown discoloration in traumatized primary teeth: A retrospective cohort study.

Background/aim: Knowledge of factors influencing the occurrence of crown discoloration following traumatic dental injuries in primary teeth and understanding its possible consequences can help dentists to provide appropriate care. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the incidence of crown discoloration following trauma in primary teeth. This study also estimated the risk of pulp necrosis with subsequent infection of the root canal system and pulp canal obliteration in discolored teeth.

Are Liver Pericytes Just Precursors of Myofibroblasts in Hepatic Diseases? Insights from the Crosstalk between Perivascular and Inflammatory Cells in Liver Injury and Repair.

Cirrhosis, a late form of liver disease, is characterized by extensive scarring due to exacerbated secretion of extracellular matrix proteins by myofibroblasts that develop during this process. These myofibroblasts arise mainly from hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), liver-specific pericytes that become activated at the onset of liver injury. Consequently, HSCs tend to be viewed mainly as myofibroblast precursors in a fibrotic process driven by inflammation.

Crestal Bone Changes in Different Implants Designs: A Prospective Clinical Trial.

Objective:  Several modifications, such as changes in the implant-abutment connection, have been suggested in studies on dental implants to better preserve the peri-implant bone level. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare crestal bone level changes between two different implant designs-tissue level (TL) and bone level (BL).

Materials And Methods:  The sample comprised 18 patients, on whom a total of 30 hydrophilic tissue- and bone level implants were placed (SLActive, Straumann Institut AG, Basel, Switzerland), in the posterior region of the maxilla or the mandible.

Gingival crevicular fluid response to protocols of non-surgical periodontal therapy: A longitudinal evaluation.

Context And Aim: Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume reflects the level of periodontal inflammation. This secondary analysis aimed to evaluate the GCF volume in patients submitted to non-surgical periodontal therapies under a split-mouth design.

Materials And Methods: GCF volume of 25 participants (47.

Evaluation of immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers in gasoline station attendants.

Background: Gasoline is a complex mixture of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, in which aromatic compounds, such as BTX (benzene, toluene, and xylene) feature as the main constituents. Simultaneous exposure to these aromatic hydrocarbons causes a significant impact on benzene toxicity. In order to detect early alterations caused in gasoline station attendants exposed to BTX compounds, immunological, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers were evaluated.

The influence of polymorphisms of xenobiotic-metabolizing and DNA repair genes in DNA damage, telomere length and global DNA methylation evaluated in open-cast coal mining workers.

Coal plants represent one of the main sources of environmental pollution due to the combustion process of this mineral and the consequent release of gases and particles which, in significant quantities, can lead to a potential risk to health and the environment. The susceptibility of individuals to the genotoxic effects of coal mining can be modulated by genetic variations in the xenobiotic detoxification and DNA repair processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate if xenobiotic metabolism polymorphism, base excision repair polymorphisms and non-homologous end joining repair polymorphism, could modify individual susceptibility to genomic instability and epigenetic alterations induced in workers by occupational exposure to coal.