The State of Plastic Surgery Education Outside of the Operating Room.

Background: Plastic surgery education consists of technical skills, surgical decision-making, and the knowledge necessary to provide safe patient care. Competency in these modalities is ensured by requiring case minimums and oral and written examinations. However, there is a paucity of information detailing what teaching modalities residency programs use outside of the operating room.

Spring-Assisted Distraction Osteogenesis for the Treatment of Shunt-Induced Craniosynostosis.

Shunt-induced craniosynostosis is a rare complication of ventricular shunting for hydrocephalus in pediatric patients. Although the exact pathophysiology of this form of secondary craniosynostosis is not well understood, the current understanding is that persistent drainage of the ventricular shunt causes decreased dural tension, resulting in decreased expansile force on the cranium and premature sutural fusion. Due to the low incidence of this complication, there is no consensus on the ideal treatment for shunt-induced craniosynostosis.

Novel Passage of Dermis-Fat Graft for Augmentation of Vermilion Deficiency Following Cleft Lip Repair.

Despite timely repair of cleft lip, secondary deformities such as vermilion notching or "whistle deformity" often require further surgical treatment. The use of dermis-fat graft for soft tissue augmentation of the upper lip is an established technique. We propose an innovation on this technique, by which the dermis-fat graft can be placed reliably and with minimal dissection by use of a soft red rubber sheath to protect the Keith needle while delivering the graft through the submucosal pocket in the dry vermilion, thereby avoiding the needle inadvertently catching soft tissue inside the pocket.

Double-Opposing Z-Plasty for Secondary Surgical Management of Velopharyngeal Insufficiency Following Primary Furlow Palatoplasty.

Objective: The present study investigates the efficacy of performing a "palate rerepair" utilizing a double-opposing z-palatoplasty (DOZ) following primary Furlow palatoplasty.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral academic center for craniofacial surgery.

Assessment of Head Shape by Craniofacial Teams: Structuring Practice Parameters to Optimize Efficiency.

Introduction: Since the initiation of the "Back to Sleep Campaign" by the American Academy of Pediatrics in 1992, the incidence of referrals for positional plagiocephaly has increased by 600%. Although patients with positional plagiocephaly rarely require operative intervention, they often do require treatment with cranial molding helmets or positioning changes. The increased volume of patients makes the task of separating cases of craniosynostosis from positional head shape problems more difficult.

The Role of Smile Train and the Partner Hospital Model in Surgical Safety, Collaboration, and Quality in the Developing World.

Background: The partner hospital model identifies hospitals in the developing world to educate and enable local surgeons to deliver effective cleft care. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of this model on safety, education, and quality of surgical care.

Methods: Twelve partner hospitals, sponsored by Smile Train for 5 or more years and distributed over 4 continents, were selected.

Evidence-based medicine: Orbital floor fractures.

Learning Objectives: After studying this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Explain the epidemiology, anatomy, and pathophysiology of orbital floor fractures. 2.

Computational modeling of skin: Using stress profiles as predictor for tissue necrosis in reconstructive surgery.

Local skin flaps have revolutionized reconstructive surgery. Mechanical loading is critical for flap survival: Excessive tissue tension reduces blood supply and induces tissue necrosis. However, skin flaps have never been analyzed mechanically.

Characterization of living skin using multi-view stereo and isogeometric analysis.

Skin is our interface with the outside world. In its natural environment, it displays unique mechanical characteristics, such as prestretch and growth. While there is a general agreement on the physiological importance of these features, they remain poorly characterized, mainly because they are difficult to access with standard laboratory techniques.

Priorities for the education of members of the American Society of Maxillofacial Surgery.

We present the complete results of our 2013 survey of the members of the American Society of Maxillofacial Surgery (ASMS). We surveyed all 799 members of the Society from around the world regarding educational themes and modalities they wish to add to future ASMS educational programs. We also asked our members about surgical modalities and care paths in which they have the most expertise.

Secondary cleft nasoplasty at primary school age: quantitative evaluation of the efficacy of resorbable plates.

Background: Secondary cleft nasal deformity in children of primary school age can result in permanent impact to a child's self-esteem. The ideal technique and timing of addressing the deformity remain controversial, as harvest of septal cartilage affects nasal growth and limits future options.

Methods: Fifty-three patients underwent secondary cleft nasoplasty with resorbable plate placement as a columellar strut.