Physics-Constrained Deep Learning for Security Ink Colorimetry with Attention-Based Spectral Sensing.

The proliferation of sophisticated counterfeiting poses critical challenges to global security and commerce, with annual losses exceeding $2.2 trillion. This paper presents a novel physics-constrained deep learning framework for high-precision security ink colorimetry, integrating three key innovations: a physics-informed neural architecture achieving unprecedented color prediction accuracy (CIEDE2000 (ΔE00): 0.

Employing urinary biomarkers to infer the absence of acute kidney disease in outpatients with a single serum creatinine measurement.

Introduction: In outpatient settings, it is challenging to exclude acute kidney disease (AKD) based on a single serum creatinine (SCr) measurement. This retrospective study aimed to explore the usefulness of urinary biomarkers and a novel functional biomarker, a spot urine creatinine-to-osmolality ratio (sUCr/Osm), for inferring the absence of AKD.

Methods: The cohort was from the ASSESS-AKI Study.

Electric Field-Enhanced SERS Detection Using MoS-Coated Patterned Si Substrate with Micro-Pyramid Pits.

This study utilized semiconductor processing techniques to fabricate patterned silicon (Si) substrates with arrays of inverted pyramid-shaped micro-pits by etching. Molybdenum trioxide (MoO) was then deposited on these patterned Si substrates using a thermal evaporation system, followed by two-stage sulfurization in a high-temperature furnace to grow MoS thin films consisting of only a few atomic layers. During the dropwise titration of Rhodamine 6G (R6G) solution, a longitudinal electric field was applied using a Keithley 2400 (Cleveland, OH, USA) source meter.

Relationship of SSVEP response between flash frequency conditions.

This study delves into the application of Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs), focusing on exploiting Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) as communication tools for individuals facing mobility impairments. SSVEP-BCI systems can swiftly transmit substantial volumes of information, rendering them suitable for diverse applications. However, the efficacy of SSVEP responses can be influenced by variables such as the frequency and color of visual stimuli.

Optimizing user experience in SSVEP-BCI systems.

The emergence of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides enormous potential for human medical and daily applications. Therefore, allowing users to tolerate the visual response of SSVEP for a long time has always been an important issue in the SSVEP-BCI system. We recruited three subjects and conducted visual experiments in groups using different frequencies (17 and 25Hz) and 60Hz light.

Carvedilol through ß1-Adrenoceptor blockade ameliorates glomerulonephritis via inhibition of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is one of the main causes of end stage renal disease and requires an effective treatment for inhibiting GN. Renal nerves through efferent (RENA) and afferent (RANA) innervation to glomeruli regulate the glomerular function. We delineated the role of RENA and RANA on anti-Thy1.

Energy Consumption Minimization with SNR Constraint for Wireless Powered Communication Networks.

The article addresses the energy consumption minimization problem in wireless powered communication networks (WPCNs) and proposes a time allocation scheme, named DaTA, which is based on the Different Target Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (DT-SWIPT) scheme such that the wireless station can share the remaining energy after transmission to the Hybrid Access Point (HAP) to those who have not transmitted to the HAP to minimize the energy consumption of the WPCN. In addition to proposing a new frame structure, the article also considers the Signal-to-Noise (SNR) constraint to guarantee that the HAP can successfully receive data from wireless stations. In the article, the problem of minimization of energy consumption is formulated as a nonlinear programming model.

Prognostic utility of the geriatric nutritional risk index for head and neck cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to assess the potential prognostic utility of geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for head and neck cancer (HNC). We selected studies and extracted data after searching the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases. The associations between GNRI and survival outcomes were explored by calculating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) through a random-effects meta-analysis.

Unitig-centered pan-genome machine learning approach for predicting antibiotic resistance and discovering novel resistance genes in bacterial strains.

In current genomic research, the widely used methods for predicting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often rely on prior knowledge of known AMR genes or reference genomes. However, these methods have limitations, potentially resulting in imprecise predictions owing to incomplete coverage of AMR mechanisms and genetic variations. To overcome these limitations, we propose a pan-genome-based machine learning approach to advance our understanding of AMR gene repertoires and uncover possible feature sets for precise AMR classification.

Acute Effect in Mechanical Efficiency by Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on mechanical efficiency.

Methods: A total of 46 patients (25 females) with an average age of 83 ± 6.4 years underwent TAVI using the CoreValve system.

Investigating the Effect of Design Parameters on the Mechanical Performance of Contact Wave Springs Designed for Additive Manufacturing.

Additive manufacturing (AM) enables design freedom to fabricate functionally graded wave springs designed by varying design parameters, which are not possible in traditional manufacturing. AM also enables optimization of the wave spring design for specific load-bearing requirements. Existing wave springs are manufactured by metal with constant dimensions (width and thickness of the strip, diameter) using customized traditional machines in which design variations are almost impossible.

Effects of various cross-linked collagen scaffolds on wound healing in rats model by deep-learning CNN.

Scar tissue is connective tissue formed on the wound during the wound-healing process. The most significant distinction between scar tissue and normal tissue is the appearance of covalent cross-linking and the amount of collagen fibers in the tissue. This study investigates the efficacy of four types of collagen scaffolds in promoting wound healing and regeneration in a Sprague-Dawley murine model-the histomorphology analysis of collagen scaffolds and developing a deep learning model for accurate tissue classification.

Improved stability and efficiency of inverted triple-cation mixed-halide perovskite solar cells with CsI-modified NiOx hole transporting layer.

Addressing the critical challenge of mitigating defect generation and enhancing the extended durability of perovskite solar cells (PeSCs) requires effective passivation materials. In our study, we investigated the impact of varying concentrations of cesium iodide (CsI), an alkali halide, on the interface layer among the hole transporting layer (HTL) and the perovskite film in a triple-cation lead hybrid halide CsFAMAPb(IBr) perovskite layer. Our findings revealed that the introduction of CsI into the NiOx HTL led to improved crystallinity and a reduction in defects within the perovskite film.

Flexural Properties of Periodic Lattice Structured Lightweight Cantilever Beams Fabricated Using Additive Manufacturing: Experimental and Finite Element Methods.

Lattice structures are a type of lightweight structure that is more commonly being applied to engineering systems as a way to reduce mass and enhance mechanical properties. The cantilever beam case is one of the primary modes of loading in many engineering applications, where light-weighting is also crucial. However, lightweight lattice structured cantilever beams have not been investigated considerably due to design and manufacturing limitations.

Classifying Alzheimer's disease and normal subjects using machine learning techniques and genetic-environmental features.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is complicated by multiple environmental and polygenetic factors. The accuracy of artificial neural networks (ANNs) incorporating the common factors for identifying AD has not been evaluated.

Methods: A total of 184 probable AD patients and 3773 healthy individuals aged 65 and over were enrolled.

Home-Based Intelligent Exercise System for Seniors' Healthcare: The Example of Golf Croquet.

In 2020, the world experienced the threat of the COVID-19 epidemic, and seniors and chronic disease patients generally reduced their exercise and social activities to avoid increasing the risk of infection, which could lead to increased loneliness and even many diseases. Combining golf croquet games with a mobile application (App) and AIoT companion robots, this research constructs a home-based intelligent exercise system, uses the technology acceptance model (TAM), deduces users' intention to use this system based on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, and adds the needs of love and belonging, esteem, cognitive, aesthetic, and self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory (HNT) to conduct an analysis of system needs. This study collected empirical data, totaling 320 participants including seniors and their caregivers, from elderly care centers in northern Taiwan using a cross-sectional survey and purposive sampling.

End-to-End Autonomous Navigation Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Survival Penalty Function.

An end-to-end approach to autonomous navigation that is based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with a survival penalty function is proposed in this paper. Two actor-critic (AC) frameworks, namely, deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and twin-delayed DDPG (TD3), are employed to enable a nonholonomic wheeled mobile robot (WMR) to perform navigation in dynamic environments containing obstacles and for which no maps are available. A comprehensive reward based on the survival penalty function is introduced; this approach effectively solves the sparse reward problem and enables the WMR to move toward its target.

The Slight Adjustment in the Weight of Sulfur Sheets to Synthesize β-NiS Nanobelts for Maintaining Detection of Lower Concentrations of Glucose through a Long-Term Storage Test.

The β-nickel sulfide (β-NiS) nanobelts were fabricated by electrodepositing a nickel nanosheet film on Indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates and sulfuring the nickel film on ITO-coated glass substrates. The sulfurization method can be used to form nanobelts without a template. A small glass tube was used to anneal the sulfur sheet with a nickel nanosheet film.

Photoconduction Properties in Tungsten Disulfide Nanostructures.

We reported the photoconduction properties of tungsten disulfide (WS) nanoflakes obtained by the mechanical exfoliation method. The photocurrent measurements were carried out using a 532 nm laser source with different illumination powers. The results reveal a linear dependence of photocurrent on the excitation power, and the photoresponsivity shows an independent behavior at higher light intensities (400-4000 Wm).

User QoS-Based Optimized Handover Algorithm for Wireless Networks.

Due to the development of wireless network technology, various applications relying on good network quality are widely used on mobile devices. Taking the commonly used video streaming service as an example, a network with high throughput and low packet loss rate can meet the service requirements. When the moving distance of the mobile device is greater than the signal coverage of the AP, it will trigger the handover process to connect to another AP, and cause the network to disconnect and reconnect instantaneously.

The hemostatic effect and wound healing of novel collagen-containing polyester dressing.

Collagen plays an important role in hemostasis and tissue repair processes. Traditional passive wound dressings like gauze, bandage, and cotton wool could hardly fit the open wounds and exerted no active effect on wound healing. Even worse, they would adhere to the skin tissue, causing dehydration and second injury upon replacement.

Utility of modified Glasgow prognostic score for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Whether the modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) is useful for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains controversial. An electronic database search on EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library from inception to 30 June 2022 was performed for study selection and data extraction. The associations between the mGPS and survival outcomes were evaluated using a random-effects meta-analysis and expressed as pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.

Sputtered anti-reflection layer on transparent polyimide - substrate improves adhesion strength to - copper layer: effects of layer thickness and sputtering power.

In order to shield the electronic circuits on a transparent polyimide (PI) substrate, an anti-reflection (AR) layer was deposited on a PI film DC reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of sputtering power and thickness of AR layer on the optical property and adhesion strength of the PI were investigated. The composition of the AR layer influences the bonding between layers.

Do walking and social support always relate to autonomic nervous system function in later life? Reexamining an age-based moderating model.

Although walking and social support relate to healthy function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in later life, it is unclear whether age groups moderate the relationships of walking frequency and social support with ANS function. To address this area of limited research, we conducted a cross-sectional study with 300 older adults to examine these moderating relationships. Results of multiple regression analysis indicated that walking frequency and social support correlated positively with ANS function.