1,037 results match your criteria: "Lung Carcinoid Imaging"

Background: Pulmonary carcinoids are rare neuroendocrine tumors accounting for less than 1% of all lung cancers. They are classified into two subcategories; typical and atypical carcinoids with the latter tending to grow faster. Historically, open thoracotomy was the standard approach for pulmonary resection.

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Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing is a rare syndrome. We present a case that illustrates the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of ectopic Cushing. A 35-year-old woman presented to the outpatient clinic for evaluation of progressive weight gain, muscle weakness, easy bruising, uncontrolled hypertension, and hyperglycemia.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A case study of a 58-year-old woman with a history of TB highlights how advanced imaging, like CT scans, helped identify a lung carcinoid tumor after initial treatments failed.
  • * The report emphasizes the importance of advanced imaging in distinguishing between these conditions, leading to better treatment decisions and improved patient outcomes.
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  • * The case series details three challenging cases: a 55-year-old woman requiring extensive surgery for a mass blocking her bronchus, a 61-year-old woman undergoing lobectomy for a carcinoid tumor, and a 75-year-old woman with multiple health issues who was referred for radiation therapy instead of surgery.
  • * Diagnosis involved imaging and bronchoscopy, revealing well-differentiated tumors with positive neuroendocrine markers; treatment decisions were made collaboratively among a multidisciplinary team, ensuring appropriate management
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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on improving diagnostic accuracy for pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) by analyzing 79 confirmed cases from Zhengzhou University between 2015 and 2023.
  • The analysis revealed a predominance of females, with typical age around 47 years, and noted that 5 cases were initially misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma and 1 as carcinoid.
  • Key diagnostic features include the observation of dual-cell populations within the tumor and specific histological characteristics such as glandular spaces and surface cell types; recognizing these can help prevent misdiagnosis in needle biopsy specimens.
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Synchronous bilateral typical pulmonary carcinoid tumours diagnosed by robotic navigation bronchoscopy: A unique case.

Respirol Case Rep

November 2024

Pulmonary and Critical Care Pulmonary and Sleep Physicians of Houston Webster Texas USA.

Article Synopsis
  • * A case study describes a 69-year-old woman with symptoms like flushing, diarrhea, shortness of breath, and cough, leading to the identification of bilateral lung nodules confirmed as carcinoid tumors through biopsy.
  • * The preferred treatment is complete surgical removal of the tumors, but plans are tailored to each patient based on tumor location and lung function, which can complicate surgery.
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Introduction And Importance: Surgeons often need to make intraoperative decisions regarding resection of lung tumors without a preoperative pathological diagnosis. Although intraoperative fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) often provides useful diagnostic information, literatures on its usefulness in pulmonary carcinoids is limited.

Case Presentation: A medical chest radiograph revealed an abnormal shadow in the right upper lung field of a 45-year-old Japanese man.

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Article Synopsis
  • A 34-year-old woman diagnosed with severe psychosis also showed signs of Cushing syndrome and underwent an 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan, which identified a hypermetabolic lung lesion and increased brain metabolism in the basal ganglia.
  • The lung lesion was surgically removed and confirmed as an adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing lung carcinoid through histopathological analysis.
  • After treatment, a follow-up 18 F-FDG PET scan revealed normal brain metabolism and a complete reversal of the psychosis, highlighting the potential for psychosis to be an initial symptom of Cushing syndrome and the usefulness of PET imaging in assessing brain changes.
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  • * A 73-year-old woman with atypical morphoea exhibited skin thickening and mobility issues, leading to the discovery of lung adenocarcinoma and a later diagnosis of a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor.
  • * The case highlights that persistent or treatment-resistant morphoea may indicate underlying malignancies and suggests a connection between skin conditions and cancer.
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Article Synopsis
  • - Bronchial carcinoids are low-grade neuroendocrine tumors that grow slowly and can spread to lymph nodes; the case presented involves one alongside a benign bronchocele, making diagnosis challenging.
  • - Chest CT scan initially identified the endobronchial mass but lacked clear diagnostic insights, leading to an endobronchial biopsy that confirmed it was a lung carcinoid tumor.
  • - A Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT scan provided better evaluation, showing the carcinoid mass with high expression while revealing the benign bronchocele with low expression, emphasizing the role of somatostatin receptor imaging for accurate assessment.
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A 41 year-old female with a medical history of Turner syndrome underwent a chest computed tomography (CT) scan which revealed a varicose left pulmonary vein and an endobronchial tumor of the left lower lobe. As venous drainage of each lobe seemed to be respected, surgical resection was considered. During surgical exploration, the absence of fissure and a unique venous trunk was observed.

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Endobronchial carcinoid tumors, a subset of neuroendocrine tumors, represent a rare but significant entity within pulmonary neoplasms, constituting less than 2% of all lung cancers. Our case report details the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 56-year-old female patient who presented with intermittent wheezing, mucoid cough, and recurrent pneumonia. Initial imaging and bronchoscopy identified an obstructive mass in the left lower bronchus.

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Ectopic adrenocorticotropic secretion (EAS) is classically related to small-cell lung cancer but is caused by a wide variety of tumors. In approximately one-fifth of cases, the cause remains unidentified. Excess adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) leads to Cushing's syndrome, and the presentation can be due to biochemical derangements such as hypokalemia and hyperglycemia.

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Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare pulmonary disease characterized by the diffuse proliferation of neuroendocrine cells in the bronchial epithelium. It is considered a preinvasive precursor to carcinoid tumors and usually presents with obstructive symptoms. We present the case of a 71-year-old female, non-smoker, with a past medical history of asthma, osteoarthritis, allergic rhinitis, and hyperlipidemia who was referred to the pulmonology clinic in view of incidental chest CT findings of multiple pulmonary nodules.

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Imaging with [Zr]Zr-DFO-SC16.56 anti-DLL3 antibody in patients with high-grade neuroendocrine tumours of the lung and prostate: a phase 1/2, first-in-human trial.

Lancet Oncol

August 2024

Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is aberrantly expressed on the surface of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells. We assessed the safety and feasibility of the DLL3-targeted imaging tracer [Zr]Zr-DFO-SC16.56 (composed of the anti-DLL3 antibody SC16.

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Treatment of advanced BP-NETS with lanreotide autogel/depot vs placebo: the phase III SPINET study.

Endocr Relat Cancer

September 2024

Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.

Prospective data are lacking on early somatostatin analog (SSA) therapy in bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumors (BP-NETs; typical carcinoids and atypical carcinoids (TCs and ACs)). SPINET (EudraCT: 2015-004992-62; NCT02683941) was a phase III, double-blind study of lanreotide autogel/depot (LAN; 120 mg every 28 days) plus best supportive care (BSC) vs placebo plus BSC, with an optional open-label treatment phase (LAN plus BSC). Patients had metastatic/unresectable, somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-positive TCs or ACs.

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Imaging in Lung Cancer Staging.

Clin Chest Med

June 2024

Department of Thoracic Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1478, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, as well as in the United States. Clinical staging, primarily with imaging, is integral to stratify patients into groups that determine treatment options and predict survival. The eighth edition of the tumor, node, metastasis (TNM-8) staging system proposed in 2016 by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer remains the current standard for lung cancer staging.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Neuroendocrine prostate neoplasms are rare types of prostate tumors, with large cell neuroendocrine prostate cancer (LCNEPC) being particularly uncommon, as highlighted in the report of a patient who experienced both severe urinary issues and elevated PSA levels.
  • - After being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma through imaging and biopsy, the patient underwent lung tumor resection revealing both primary lung cancer and metastatic prostate cancer, followed by several treatments including endocrine therapy and radical prostatectomy.
  • - Unfortunately, despite treatment, the patient's condition deteriorated with multiple metastases leading to multi-organ failure from chemotherapy side effects, emphasizing the need for improved management approaches for rare cases like LCNEPC.
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Radioligand Therapy in Patients with Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Systematic Review on Efficacy and Safety.

Semin Nucl Med

July 2024

Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), arising from various sites, present therapeutic challenges. Radioligand therapy (RLT) is effective for unresectable/metastatic NENs with increased somatostatin receptor uptake. While evidence supports RLT's efficacy in midgut NETs, its role in lung NETs remains underexplored.

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Lung cancer incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide, posing a significant public health challenge and an immense burden to affected families. Lung cancer encompasses distinct subtypes, namely, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). In clinical investigations, researchers have observed that neuroendocrine tumors can be classified into four types: typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small-cell carcinoma, and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma based on their unique features.

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[Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors : Current review].

Radiologie (Heidelb)

July 2024

Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.

Clinical Issue: Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the lung are a heterogenous tumor group. The pathological classification comprises diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia, classic neuroendocrine tumors, and neuroendocrine carcinoma. Classic neuroendocrine tumors include typical and atypical carcinoid tumors.

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Lung carcinoid tumours are neuroendocrine neoplasms originating from the bronchopulmonary tract's neuroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1%-3% of all lung cancers but 30% of all neuroendocrine tumours. The incidence of lung carcinoids, both typical and atypical, has been increasing over the years due to improved diagnostic methods and increased awareness among clinicians and pathologists. The most recent WHO classification includes a subgroup of lung carcinoids with atypical morphology and higher mitotic count and/or Ki67 labelling index.

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Background: Retroperitoneal fibrosis, a condition of uncertain origin, is rarely linked to 8% of malignant cases, including breast, lung, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, thyroid, and carcinoid. The mechanism leading to peritoneal fibrosis induced by tumors is not well understood, possibly encompassing direct infiltration of neoplastic cells or the initiation of inflammatory responses prompted by cytokines released by tumor cells. We report a case of breast cancer with renal metastasis and retroperitoneal fibrosis detected using F-FDG PET/CT, providing help for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

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