Long-term effects of glipizide on insulin secretion and blood glucose control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Of 23 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), whose fasting blood glucose had not reached less than or equal to 6.0 mmol.l-1 after 10 weeks of dietary regulation, 15, who had had a weight reduction of -2.

How good are standardized blood pressure recordings for diagnosing hypertension? A comparison between office and ambulatory blood pressure.

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was compared with office blood pressure in 48 normotensive, 81 borderline hypertensives and 35 untreated hypertensives. The studied groups were chosen from a geographically defined population of middle-aged men in southern Sweden. The mean 24-h ambulatory blood pressure values for the normotensives, borderline hypertensives and untreated hypertensives were 120/76, 127/82 and 140/92 mmHg, respectively.

Mechanisms and variations in the food effect on propranolol bioavailability.

Mechanisms and variations in the food-induced increase in the bioavailability of propranolol were assessed by single-dose (80 mg) studies in healthy volunteers who took the drug on an empty stomach, immediately after a protein-rich breakfast, and together with a carbohydrate-rich, protein-poor breakfast. Concomitant intake of the protein-rich, but not the carbohydrate-rich, protein-poor breakfast, increased the bioavailability of propranolol in most, but not all, subjects. The food (protein) effect displayed much inter-individual variation, from a decrease to a 250% increase, which could be explained, at least in part, by a correlation between the oral clearance of propranolol and the food-induced increase in its bioavailability.

Dynamic training and circulating levels of corticotropin-releasing factor, beta-lipotropin and beta-endorphin in rheumatoid arthritis.

The study aimed at evaluating the effects of a dynamic training program on circulating levels of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), beta-lipotropin (beta-LPH), and beta-endorphin (beta-EP) in 8 patients (5 females and 3 males, aged 39-65 years) with classical/definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Blood samples were collected immediately before, in the middle of, and after a 6-week high-intensity training period as well as after a subsequent 1-year period of low-intensity training. In addition, baseline data were obtained 3 weeks before the start of the training program.

Sulphonylurea antidiabetic drugs. An update of their clinical pharmacology and rational therapeutic use.

Apart from the amelioration of symptoms, a major aim of the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM, type 2 diabetes) should be the prevention of cardiovascular complications. These are associated with the chronic hyperglycaemia that is characteristic of NIDDM, and the risk of complications is already increased in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). For these reasons, and because hyperglycaemia appears to be a self-perpetuating condition, treatment should be introduced as early as possible and should be aimed at normalisation of blood glucose.

Efficacy of dietary regulation in primary health care patients with hyperglycaemia detected by screening.

The efficacy of dietary regulation was examined in 38 consecutive primary health care patients with hyperglycaemia detected on screening. Ten weeks of dietary regulation reduced overall mean fasting blood glucose from 8.2 to 6.

The influence of glipizide on early insulin release and glucose disposal before and after dietary regulation in diabetic patients with different degrees of hyperglycaemia.

An early defect in subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and the preceding phase of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a reduction in early insulin release and hence a prolonged elevation of postprandial blood glucose. We therefore assessed whether a rapidly acting sulphonylurea (glipizide 5 mg 0.5 h before a test meal) could correct these disturbances in 38 IGT/NIDDM subjects, whose early insulin release and postprandial blood glucose elevations remained unimproved after 10 weeks of dietary regulation.