Opioid Prescribing Trends Following Lumbar Discectomy.

Background: Lumbar diskectomy is a common procedure, following which a brief course of narcotics is often prescribed. Nonetheless, increasing attention has been given to such prescribing patterns to limit adverse effects and the potential for abuse. This study investigated prescribing patterns of opioid within 90 days following lumbar diskectomy.

Presentation, management, and outcome of traumatic spine injuries in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Traumatic spinal injury (TSI) involves diverse etiologies, posing different risks among patient populations worldwide. Discrepancies in TSI treatment and outcomes between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries highlight the critical necessity for tailored management approaches for this global challenge. This study delves into the presentation, management, and outcomes of TSI in Africa.

Scoliosis instrumentation alters primary and coupled motions of the spine: An in vitro study using entire thoracolumbar spine and rib cage specimens.

Background: Effects of rigid posterior instrumentation on the three-dimensional post-operative spinal flexibility are widely unknown. Purpose of this in vitro study was to quantify these effects for characteristic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis instrumentations.

Methods: Six fresh frozen human thoracic and lumbar spine specimens (C7-S) with entire rib cage from young adult donors (26-45 years) without clinically relevant deformity were loaded quasi-statically with pure moments of 5 Nm in flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation.

Precooling storage of bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of precooling storage of bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for the patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF).

Methods: A total of 207 OVCF patients who underwent PVP were included in this study. Two different storage methods for the bone cement were randomly utilized: an operating room (NT group, 23 °C) and a refrigerator (PC group, 4 °C).

Characteristics and mechanical mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration in old thoracolumbar fractures with kyphosis: clinical observations and finite element analyses.

Background: Low back pain is a common complication in patients with old thoracolumbar fractures with kyphosis (OTLFK), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major contributor. Mechanical abnormalities are believed to play a key role in the development to IDD. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of lumbar disc degeneration and underlying mechanical mechanisms in patients with OTLFK.

Quantitative observation based on magnetic resonance imaging: the effects of marathon running on lumbar vertebrae, paraspinal muscles, and lumbar disc components.

Background: Lumbar spine injuries and lumbar disc degeneration are common spinal health problems that seriously affect people's quality of life and efficiency at work. Marathon running enhances skeletal muscle strength and endurance, and promotes increased bone mineral density. This study aimed to investigate the effects of marathon running on the lumbar spine and surrounding tissue components.

Association between modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors with paralumbar muscle health in patients with lower back pain.

Background: Prior studies have linked sarcopenia and fat infiltration in paraspinal muscles with lumbar pain, spinal pathology, and adverse postoperative outcomes in lumbar spine surgery. A recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based method for assessing muscle health, incorporating parameters such as Goutallier Classification (GC) and the Paralumbar Muscle Cross-Sectional Area to Body Mass Index ratio (PL-CSA/BMI), has shown that higher muscle grades correlate with significant improvements in patient-reported outcomes. Despite these advancements, there is limited research on the associations between paralumbar muscle health and factors such as age, BMI, walking tolerability, and spondylolisthesis.

[Application status and considerations of unilateral biportal endoscopy technique].

Objective: To review the application status, clinical advantages, and complications of unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE) technique and explore its future development direction.

Methods: By reviewing recent domestic and international literature, the evolution history of UBE technique, its surgical advantages, and its application effectiveness in various spinal diseases were analyzed, providing a comprehensive review.

Results: UBE technique, with its unique dual-channel design, provides a clearer surgical field and more flexible operating space, significantly reduces surgical trauma and postoperative recovery time.

Comparison of Pain and Functional Outcomes Among Geriatric and Nongeriatric Adults Following Full Endoscopic Spine Surgery for Degenerative Lumbar Pathology.

Background: Full endoscopic spine surgery (FESS) champions a rapid recovery and a low rate of overall complications. However, its efficacy in geriatric patients that might yield additional benefits from minimized invasiveness remains underexplored.

Methods: A multi-institutional prospective cohort study was conducted involving patients undergoing elective lumbar FESS.

Comparison of Methods for Short-Segment Posterior Stabilization of Lumbar Spine Fractures and Thoracolumbar Junction.

: Thoracolumbar and lumbar spine injuries account for 30-60% of spinal fractures, especially at the thoracolumbar junction. Conservative treatment is recommended for stable fractures without neurological symptoms, but studies suggest surgical intervention may offer better outcomes. However, there is no consensus on the best stabilization method.

Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging Shows Sex-Specific Alterations During Musculoskeletal Aging-A Radio-Anatomic Investigation Involving 202 Individuals.

: Musculoskeletal aging can clinically hardly be distinguished from degenerative disease, especially if symptoms are nonspecific, like lower back pain and reduced physical resilience. However, age-related changes are considered to be physiological until they cause osteoporotic fractures or sarcopenia-related restrictions. This radio-anatomic investigation examines whether findings in lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mirror age- and sex-related musculoskeletal differences that help to identify the onset of sarcopenia.

Influence of a Lordotic Cage Profile on Global and Segmental Lordosis in the Context of Lumbar TLIF Surgeries: A Retrospective Radiological Analysis.

Cage implantation decompresses neural elements, stabilizes segments, and promotes fusion, with sagittal balance influenced by cage size, geometry, and position. This retrospective study compared the effects of lumbar interbody cages with 10° and 15° lordotic angles on global and segmental lordosis in patients undergoing transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Data from 215 patients who underwent 259 TLIF procedures between 2018 and 2022 were analyzed.

The Association Between Antipsychotics and Bone Fragility: An Updated Comprehensive Review.

Background: Antipsychotic drugs appear to be related to reduced bone mineral density (BMD). We conducted a narrative review to collect the available literature investigating the relationship between antipsychotic use and bone fragility.

Methods: A review of the published literature was conducted and reported through PubMed/Scopus/Cochrane libraries.

Spinal instrumentation length affects adjacent segment range of motion and intradiscal pressure.

Scoliosis instrumentation length depends on the type and degree of deformity and the individual preference of the surgeon. This in vitro study aimed to explore effects of increasing instrumentation length on adjacent segment mobility and intervertebral disc loading. Six fresh frozen human spine specimens (C7-sacrum) with entire rib cage from young adult donors (26-45 years) were loaded with pure moments of 5 Nm.

Direct anterior vs other surgical approaches in patients with lumbar stiffness undergoing total hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The effectiveness of the direct anterior approach (DAA) compared to other surgical approaches for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with lumbar spine stiffness remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare clinical outcomes, including dislocation rates and other complications, between DAA and other surgical approaches for THA in patients with lumbar spine stiffness.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the DAA with other surgical approaches (anterolateral, direct lateral, posterolateral and direct superior) in patients with lumbar spine stiffness undergoing THA.

Treatment and Rehabilitation of Complicated Fractures of Both Lower Limbs: A Case Report.

Introduction: Few studies have reported the treatment and rehabilitation of combined fractures of the femur, tibia, and ankle in the same lower limb.

Case Report: A 69-year-old man presented to our hospital with a fall injury due to high-energy trauma after falling from a 5 m ladder while painting and landing on both feet. Examination revealed right femoral supracondylar; left tibial plateau; right calcaneal; left ankle crush; first and third lumbar vertebrae burst; sacral; C7, Th1, and Th9 compression; and bilateral acetabular fractures.

Traumatic lumbosacral instability: part 1 - proposing a definition and identifying underlying injury patterns.

Traumatic lumbosacral instability (TLSI) generally refers to a traumatic disruption of the lumbopelvic junction. The ambiguous use of this term has contributed to confusion and limited understanding of injuries that can impact lumbosacral stability. As of now, TLSI lacks a clear definition, and the underlying injury patterns remain inadequately characterized.

Mobile device-based 3D scanning is superior to scoliometer in assessment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Purpose: Screening for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) currently relies on clinical evaluations by trained practitioners, most commonly using a scoliometer. Modern structured light 3D scanning can generate high-quality 3D representations of surface anatomy using a mobile device. We hypothesized that a mobile-based 3D scanning system would provide accurate deformity assessments compared to a scoliometer.

The effects and possible mechanisms of whole-body vibration on cognitive function: A narrative review.

Whole-body vibration (WBV) is a physical stimulation method that transmits mechanical oscillations to the entire body through a vibration platform or device. Biokinetic and epidemiologic studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high-intensity WBV increases health risks, primarily to the lumbar spine and the nervous system connected to it. There is currently insufficient evidence to demonstrate a quantitative relationship between vibration exposure and risk of health effects.

Risk Factors for de Novo Postoperative Urinary Retention in Posterior Lumbar Spine Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: De novo postoperative urinary retention (POUR) after lumbar posterior decompression surgery for lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) is a statistically known but uncommon complication for both patients and spine surgeons. The aim of this study is to review clinical data and imaging findings and identify preoperative predictors of de novo POUR.

The concepts of Intra Spinal Pressure (ISP), Intra Thecal Pressure (ITP), and Spinal Cord Perfusion Pressure (SCPP) in acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injury: Narrative review.

There is increasing interest in monitoring pressure from the injured spinal cord to guide the management of patients with acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI). This is analogous to monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Here, we explore key concepts in this field and novel therapies that are emerging from these ideas.

Causal association between cholecystectomy and fracture: A Mendelian randomization study.

Previous observational studies have reported that cholecystectomy is associated with an increased risk of fracture. However, the causality of this association remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the causal relationship between cholecystectomy and fracture using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Development and validity evidence of an interactive 3D model for thoracic and lumbar spinal fractures pedagogy: a first step of validity study.

Background: Thoracic and lumbar spinal fractures are common in trauma care, requiring accurate classification to guide appropriate treatment. While traditional teaching methods use static 2D images, there is a growing need for interactive tools to improve understanding. This study addresses the lack of interactive three-dimensional (3D) models for teaching the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen) Spine classification for thoracic and lumbar fractures.

Improving Golf Swing Kinematics in a 78-Year-Old Golfer with Lower Back Pain: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Due to the complexity of the golf swing, poor form affects performance and lead to injuries in the spine and extremities. The Titleist Performance Institute (TPI) has created a movement screen to identify a golfer's physical limitations. The TPI includes 16 movement patterns within a golfer's swing that could lead to poor performance, dysfunction, and pain.