Epileptiform discharges in the context of self-limited pediatric focal epilepsy (EDSelFEC) in pediatric hemispherotomy patients: Role of white matter abnormalities.

Objective: To investigate the frequency of epileptiform discharges associated with self-limited focal epilepsy (EDSelFEC) in children who have undergone a hemispherotomy and to evaluate whether patients with coexistence of EDSelFEC and structural hemispheric epilepsies differ from patients without coexistence of EDSelFEC and whether there are differences between the two groups with regard to preoperative management and postoperative outcome.

Methods: Data on 131 children who underwent a hemispherotomy between January 1999 and January 2015 were retrieved from the Epilepsy center's epilepsy surgery database. Children with EDSelFEC were compared with children without EDSelFEC with respect to epileptogenic hemispheric pathology, family history, age at epilepsy onset, timing of surgery, lesion laterality, preoperative cognitive function, response to sodium channel blocker antiepileptic medication, and surgical outcome.

Modern pharmacotherapy guidance for treating alcohol use disorders.

Introduction: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is prevalent and recognized as a chronic, relapsing disorder. Even though effective treatment options are available, AUD is strongly undertreated. As adjuvant treatment strategies accompanying psychosocial treatments, pharmacological strategies can increase the efficacy of AUD treatment options.

Acceptance of smart sensing, its determinants, and the efficacy of an acceptance-facilitating intervention in people with diabetes: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Mental health problems are prevalent among people with diabetes, yet often under-diagnosed. Smart sensing, utilizing passively collected digital markers through digital devices, is an innovative diagnostic approach that can support mental health screening and intervention. However, the acceptance of this technology remains unclear.

Enhancing the acceptance of smart sensing in psychotherapy patients: findings from a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Smart sensing has the potential to make psychotherapeutic treatments more effective. It involves the passive analysis and collection of data generated by digital devices. However, acceptance of smart sensing among psychotherapy patients remains unclear.

Animal Models of Neointimal Hyperplasia and Restenosis: Species-Specific Differences and Implications for Translational Research.

The process of restenosis is based on the interplay of various mechanical and biological processes triggered by angioplasty-induced vascular trauma. Early arterial recoil, negative vascular remodeling, and neointimal formation therefore limit the long-term patency of interventional recanalization procedures. The most serious of these processes is neointimal hyperplasia, which can be traced back to 4 main mechanisms: endothelial damage and activation; monocyte accumulation in the subintimal space; fibroblast migration; and the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells.

Medical management of eating disorders: an update.

Purpose Of Review: Eating disorders are associated with numerous medical complications. The aim of this study was to review recent progress in improving the medical management of patients with eating disorders.

Recent Findings: With close medical monitoring and electrolyte supplementation, accelerated refeeding protocols improve weight restoration without increasing the risk of refeeding syndrome.

Pregnancy outcome in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: results of the CMT-NET cohort study in Germany.

Background And Purpose: Systematic research on the effect of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease on the outcome of pregnancy and conversely the effect of pregnancy on neuropathy is still sparse.

Methods: A clinical cohort study and cross-sectional study within the German CMT-NET was conducted between 2016 and 2019. Inclusion criteria were a confirmed diagnosis of CMT and at least one completed pregnancy after 1990.

Pain-modulating effects of oxytocin in patients with chronic low back pain.

The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has been shown to play a modulatory role in nociception. However, analgesic effects of OT in chronic pain conditions remain elusive and the neural underpinnings have not yet been investigated in humans. Here, we conducted an exploratory, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study to examine effects of intranasal OT in male patients suffering from chronic low back pain (CBP) versus healthy controls (HC).

Changes in pathogen spectrum and antimicrobial resistance development in the time-course of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.

Background And Aim: In contrast to the first peak of multi-organ failure in acute pancreatitis, the second peak is mostly triggered by septic complications. Our aim was to analyze the spectrum of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance development in relation to the time-course of the disease and its clinical outcome.

Methods: One hundred twenty-two patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis undergoing pancreas puncture at two tertiary academic medical centers in Germany were retrospectively analyzed.

Hybrid-stenting with metallic and bioresorbable drug-eluting stents 2-year clinical outcomes in KUM ABSORB registry.

Aim And Objective: We sought to investigate and compare outcomes 2 years after Hybrid-stenting with bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) and contemporary metallic drug-eluting stents (DES) within the same coronary lesion versus BVS alone.

Methods: Between 11/2012 and 7/2015 at our institution, 134 (33.2%) were treated with Hybrid-stenting for complex or long coronary lesions, 270 patients were treated by BVS alone.

Radial glial elements in the cerebral cortex of the lesser hedgehog tenrec.

We investigated astroglial cells in several areas of the telencephalic cortex of the lesser hedgehog tenrec (Echinops telfairi). Compared to other mammals, the cortex of the tenrec has a relatively large paleocortex and a low encephalization index. We stained sections from tenrec forebrains with structural and functional glia markers focusing on selected cortical areas, the paleocortex, rhinal cortex, neocortex and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation.

Nature versus nurture in the spectrum of rheumatic diseases: Classification of spondyloarthritis as autoimmune or autoinflammatory.

Spondyloarthritides (SpA) include inflammatory joint diseases with various clinical phenotypes that may also include the axial skeleton and/or entheses. SpA include psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, enteropathic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis; the latter is frequently associated with extra-articular manifestations, such as uveitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease. SpA are associated with the HLA-B27 allele and recognize T cells as key pathogenetic players.

Risk Factors for Early Dialysis Dependency in Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease.

Objective: To identify prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors for dialysis within the first year of life in children with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) as a basis for parental counseling after prenatal and perinatal diagnosis.

Study Design: A dataset comprising 385 patients from the ARegPKD international registry study was analyzed for potential risk markers for dialysis during the first year of life.

Results: Thirty-six out of 385 children (9.

The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) Guidelines for the Biological Treatment of Bipolar Disorders: Acute and long-term treatment of mixed states in bipolar disorder.

Objectives: Although clinically highly relevant, the recognition and treatment of bipolar mixed states has played only an underpart in recent guidelines. This WFSBP guideline has been developed to supply a systematic overview of all scientific evidence pertaining to the acute and long-term treatment of bipolar mixed states in adults.

Methods: Material used for these guidelines is based on a systematic literature search using various data bases.

High-dose treatment for malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney: No evidence for improved survival-The Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Onkologie und Hämatologie (GPOH) experience.

Background: Malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney (MRTK) is the most aggressive childhood renal tumor with overall survival (OS) rates ranging from 22% to 42%. Whether high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation (HDSCT) in an intensive first-line treatment offers additional benefit is an ongoing discussion.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all 58 patients with MRTK from Austria, Switzerland, and Germany treated in the framework of consecutive, prospective renal/rhabdoid tumor studies SIOP9/GPO, SIOP93-01/GPOH (where SIOP is International Society of Pediatric Oncology and GPOH is German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology), SIOP2001/GPOH, and European Rhabdoid Tumor Registry from 1991 to 2014.

The N-terminal domain of the thermo-regulated surface protein PrpA of Enterococcus faecium binds to fibrinogen, fibronectin and platelets.

Enterococcus faecium is a commensal of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, but is also found in non-enteric environments where it can grow between 10 °C and 45 °C. E. faecium has recently emerged as a multi-drug resistant nosocomial pathogen.

Transitional Care and Adherence of Adolescents and Young Adults After Kidney Transplantation in Germany and Austria: A Binational Observatory Census Within the TRANSNephro Trial.

Transition from child to adult-oriented care is widely regarded a challenging period for young people with kidney transplants and is associated with a high risk of graft failure. We analyzed the existing transition structures in Germany and Austria using a questionnaire and retrospective data of 119 patients transferred in 2011 to 2012. Most centers (73%) confirmed agreements on the transition procedure.

Intraoperative renal near-infrared spectroscopy indicates developing acute kidney injury in infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: a case-control study.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in infants. Renal near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is used to evaluate regional oximetry in a non-invasive continuous real-time fashion, and reflects tissue perfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between renal oximetry and development of AKI in the operative and post-operative setting in infants undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

Management of urologic complications in renal transplantation: a single-center experience.

Introduction: Ureterovesical complications subsequent to renal transplantation are associated with a high morbidity leading to graft loss or even death. In the present study, the management of these complications by using interventional and surgical procedures (native pyeloureterostomy [NPUS]/ureteroureterostomy [NUU] vs ureteroneocystostomy [UNC]) was evaluated retrospectively.

Patients And Methods: Between 1994 and 2012, a total of 780 kidney transplantations (690 deceased and 90 living donors) were performed at our institution.

Inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia- and Rad3-related function abrogates the in vitro and in vivo tumorigenicity of human colon cancer cells through depletion of the CD133(+) tumor-initiating cell fraction.

The identification of novel approaches to specifically target the DNA-damage checkpoint response in chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSC) of solid tumors has recently attracted great interest. We show here in colon cancer cell lines and primary colon cancer cells that inhibition of checkpoint-modulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase-related (PIK) kinases preferentially depletes the chemoresistant and exclusively tumorigenic CD133(+) cell fraction. We observed a time- and dose-dependent disproportionally pronounced loss of CD133(+) cells and the consecutive lack of in vitro and in vivo tumorigenicity of the remaining cells.

Population history of the Dniester-Carpathians: evidence from Alu markers.

The area between the Dniester and the eastern Carpathian mountain range is at a geographical crossroads between eastern Europe and the Balkans. Little is known about the genetics of the population of this region. We performed an analysis of 12 binary autosomal markers in samples from six Dniester-Carpathian populations: two Moldavian, one Romanian, one Ukrainian and two Gagauz populations.

Rheumatoid factor revisited.

Purpose Of Review: Initial studies of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis focused on the role of rheumatoid factor and immune complex-associated vasculitis and synovitis. Subsequent work has delineated T cell responses, the role of cytokines, chemokines, and the aggressive nature of rheumatoid synovitis. Recent findings underscore the importance of humoral immunity in this entity and are the subject of this review.

Successful cardic surgery 24 hours after craniotomy in a patient with infective endocarditis and embolic cerebellar infarction: case report.

Follow up management in a patient already treated with decompressive craniotomy for a space-occupying endocarditic stroke is difficult. While immediate valve replacement eliminates the focus and therefore the high risk of re-embolization, a neurosurgical intervention is considered a contraindication to early cardiosurgery. Herein, the first report is presented of a critically ill patient with bacterial endocarditis and a space-occupying cerebellar infarction with imminent herniation, who successfully underwent mitral valve replacement only 24 h after decompressive craniotomy.