Synthesis and Structure of Methylated Acetylenic Nitriles.

Cyanoacetylene and dicyanoacetylene react in the ternary methylation system CHF/SbF/SO under the formation of its corresponding -monomethylated and -dimethylated species, respectively. Additionally, in the case of dicyanoacetylene, an -dimethylated HF-addition product was obtained. The salts were characterized by low-temperature vibrational spectroscopy.

Nutrition Care in Cancer: An Overlooked Part of Patient-Centered Care.

Objectives: Robust evidence highlights the crucial role of nutrition for people with cancer, and international organizations recognize it as a basic human right linked to health and food. Within this context, we aim to emphasize the critical role of nutrition care for cancer patients and to highlight the essential contributions of nurses in providing patient-centered nutrition care.

Methods: This opinion paper synthesizes evidence and perspectives from peer-reviewed articles and position papers.

goChem: A Composable Library for Multi-Scale Computational Chemistry Data Analysis.

Data analysis is a major task for Computational Chemists. The diversity of modeling tools currently available in Computational Chemistry requires the development of flexible analysis tools that can adapt to different systems and output formats. As a contribution to this need, we report the implementation of goChem, a versatile open-source library for multiscale analysis of computational chemistry data.

The Role of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Skin Cancer Metabolism: A Paradigm Shift in Treatment Approaches.

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world, with increasing incidence. In 2022, the World Health Organization estimated over 1.5 million new diagnoses of skin malignancies, primarily affecting the older population.

Validation of biomarkers and clinical scores for the detection of uterine leiomyosarcoma: a case-control study with an update of pLMS.

Background: The diagnosis of rare uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) remains a challenge given the high incidence rates of benign uterine tumors such as leiomyoma (LM). In the last decade, several clinical scores and blood serum markers have been proposed. The aim of this study is to validate and update the pLMS clinical scoring system, evaluating the accuracy of the scoring system by Zhang et al.

HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review assessed the prevalence of transmitted and acquired HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) and the associated risk factors in Mozambique. A search of the PubMed, Cochrane, B-On, and Scopus databases up to December 2023 was conducted and included 11 studies with 1118 HIV-1 pol sequences. Drug resistance mutations (DRMs) to NNRTIs were found in 13% of the drug-naive individuals and 31% of those on ART, while NRTI resistance occurred in 5% and 10%, respectively.

Tympanic Pre-Operative Electrically Evoked Auditory Late Response (TympEALR) as an Alternative to Trans-Tympanic Tests Using Anesthesia in Cochlear Implant Candidacy.

: Before a cochlear implant is considered, patients undergo various audiological tests to assess their suitability. One key test measures the auditory brainstem response (ABR) to acoustic stimuli. However, in some cases, even with maximum sound stimulation, no response is detected.

N-acetylcysteine modulates markers of oxidation, inflammation and infection in tuberculosis.

Background: Half the global tuberculosis health burden is due to post-tuberculosis lung disease. Host-directed therapies have been proposed to reduce this burden. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) provides the conditionally essential amino acid cysteine required for synthesis of glutathione, an antioxidant thiol.

Spatiotemporal Spectroscopy of Fast Excited-State Diffusion in 2D Covalent Organic Framework Thin Films.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), crystalline and porous conjugated structures, are of great interest for sustainable energy applications. Organic building blocks in COFs with suitable electronic properties can feature strong optical absorption, whereas the extended crystalline network can establish a band structure enabling long-range coherent transport. This peculiar combination of both molecular and solid-state materials properties makes COFs an interesting platform to study and ultimately utilize photoexcited charge carrier diffusion.

The forces behind social unrest: Evidence from the Covid-19 pandemic.

The unprecedented consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic have raised concerns about the erosion of social cohesion and intensified social unrest, but evidence for such a link and the underlying channels is still lacking. We use a unique combination of nationally representative survey data, event data on social unrest, and data on Covid-19 fatalities and unemployment at a weekly resolution to investigate the forces behind social cohesion and unrest in the context of the strains on public health and the economy due to the pandemic in the USA. The results show that pandemic-related unemployment and Covid-19 fatalities intensified negative emotional stress and led to a deterioration of economic confidence among individuals.

Malnutrition Diagnosed via Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) Criteria - Association with Clinical Outcomes and Predictive Value: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.

Objectives: Malnutrition is very common in people with cancer. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) recommendation on criteria has been proposed as a gold standard for diagnosing malnutrition. The diagnosis of malnutrition includes phenotypic criteria such as unintentional weight loss and etiologic criteria such as reduced food intake.

Investigation of the Binary Nitrides YN, LaN and LuN by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.

Based on their various and outstanding properties, binary nitrides are used as (synthesis) materials in industry and research. Hence, their comprehensive characterization by analytical methods is of particular interest. Since Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is very sensitive to the symmetry of the electronic density distribution, it is a suitable tool for the investigation of rock-salt structure types and, especially, for those with known stoichiometry issues.

From evidence to care delivery: Opportunities and risks in health and science policy. A position paper of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF).

Objective: After over 25 years of developing clinical practice guidelines, the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF) held a symposium to discuss the following topics in order to improve the way evidence is implemented in the delivery of care: expansion of the data pool for guideline development, the regulatory policy framework for this expansion, the transfer of clinical practice guideline statements to medical practice, the associated opportunities and risks resulting from the European legislation.

Methods: The AWMF held its Berlin Forum on 27 April 2022 where experts from scientific medical societies and national institutions in the healthcare sector reported their experiences and perceptions on the topics mentioned. Three writing groups compiled the key statements from these contributions to and discussions made at the Berlin Forum into a position paper.

Enduring effects of psychotherapy, antidepressants and their combination for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Although depressive disorders are frequently associated with relapses, the sustained efficacy of therapies after their termination has been insufficiently investigated.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the current evidence of enduring effects of psychotherapy, antidepressants and their combination after the end of treatment.

Methods: PubMed and PsychINFO were systematically screened according to PRISMA guidelines (except for preregistration).

Comparison of robustness, resilience and intrinsic capacity including prediction of long-term adverse health outcomes: The KORA-Age study.

Background: Frailty, resilience and intrinsic capacity (IC) are concepts to evaluate older person`s health status, but no comparison of their associations with adverse health outcomes exists. We therefore aimed to assess which concept is most useful for determining long-term health of older adults.

Methods: Analyses were based on the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-Age study (n = 940, 65-93 years).

Adamantane-Type Nitridophosphate Phosphors AELiPN : Eu2 via Medium-Pressure Ion-Exchange Reactions.

Nitridophosphates have emerged as promising host compounds in the field of solid-state lighting. Their industrial relevance has increased significantly, mainly due to recent advances in synthetic approaches under medium-pressure (MP) conditions, including ammonothermal synthesis and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). In this study, we report on the synthesis and characterization of the quaternary representatives CaLiPN (x=2, 2.

Photons, Excitons, and Electrons in Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are created by the condensation of molecular building blocks and nodes to form two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) crystalline frameworks. The diversity of molecular building blocks with different properties and functionalities and the large number of possible framework topologies open a vast space of possible well-defined porous architectures. Besides more classical applications of porous materials such as molecular absorption, separation, and catalytic conversions, interest in the optoelectronic properties of COFs has recently increased considerably.

Scalable Bulk Synthesis of Phase-Pure γ-SnN as a Model for an Argon-Flow-Mediated Metathesis Reaction.

Nitrides represent a promising class of materials for a variety of applications. However, bulk synthesis remains a challenging task due to the stability of the N molecule. In this study, we introduce a simple and scalable approach for synthesizing nitride bulk materials.

Reprogramming of flagellin receptor responses with surrogate ligands.

Receptor kinase (RK) families process information from small molecules, short peptides, or glycan ligands to regulate core cellular pathways in plants. To date, whether individual plant RKs are capable of processing signals from distinct types of ligands remains largely unexplored. Addressing this requires the discovery of structurally unrelated ligands that engage the same receptor.

Combination of Ambient and High-Temperature Beryllium Nitride Motifs in WBeN and WBeN.

Compounds of transition metals and beryllium have a wide range of applications, from everyday tools to high tech applications. Remarkably, no single ternary beryllium nitride with a transition metal is known. Here, we report on the synthesis and properties of the first transition metal nitridoberyllates, namely WBeN and WBeN.