29,192 results match your criteria: "Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich; shahafpeleg3@gmail.com.[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates how daily rainfall characteristics—like intensity, duration, and frequency—affect mortality rates from all causes, cardiovascular issues, and respiratory problems across 34 countries from 1980 to 2020.
  • It utilizes a time series analysis to evaluate the association between daily mortality and rainfall events that occur at different return periods (one, two, and five years), including the effects of extreme rainfall with a 14-day lag.
  • The results indicate that extreme rainfall events (five-year return period) correlate with increased mortality rates, particularly for respiratory cases, while moderate rainfall shows protective effects, and the impact varies based on climate and vegetation.
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Impact of aortopulmonary and venovenous collaterals on the onset of plastic bronchitis after the Fontan procedure.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

October 2024

Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Division of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Europäisches Kinderherzzentrum München, Munich, Germany. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the link between aorto-pulmonary and veno-venous collaterals and the development of plastic bronchitis in patients following the Fontan procedure from 1994 to 2022.
  • Out of 635 patients analyzed, 15 (2.4%) developed plastic bronchitis, with those affected showing significantly higher rates of aorto-pulmonary (60% vs. 14%) and veno-venous collaterals (53% vs. 14%).
  • Findings suggest that managing these collaterals could help prevent plastic bronchitis, which poses added health risks for patients post-Fontan procedure.
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Effect of Co-doping on the electrochromic performance of hexagonal phase WO nanorods.

Dalton Trans

October 2024

College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.

In this study, cobalt-doped hexagonal phase WO nanorods were prepared by a template-free hydrothermal method. The effects of varying the cobalt doping concentration on the microscopic morphology and electrochromic properties of hexagonal phase WO films were investigated. Films synthesized with the optimal cobalt element doping concentration demonstrate a notable improvement in their electrochromic properties compared to the pure hexagonal phase WO films.

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Incoherent collective cell chemotaxis underlies organ dysmorphia in a model of branchio-oto-renal syndrome.

MicroPubl Biol

September 2024

Department of Neurophysiology and Developmental Neurobiology,, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, México.

Article Synopsis
  • Mutations in the gene responsible for branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) cause multi-organ malformations in humans and similar effects in animal models.
  • Researchers studied the zebrafish posterior lateral-line primordium to investigate the role of the Eya1 gene in organ development.
  • Their findings revealed that the loss of Eya1 reduces specific chemokine receptor expression, disrupting cell movement and leading to abnormal formation of the lateral line, which suggests that issues with cell movement contribute to organ malformations in BOR.
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The Social Psychology of Justice Repair.

Annu Rev Psychol

January 2025

Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Justice scholars have elaborated a variety of social psychological mechanisms that contribute to our desire to see some action following an injustice, to see justice done. Research over the past 20 years has significantly advanced our understanding of how to repair a sense of justice by articulating the psychological needs that follow from its experience from victim, offender, and observer perspectives. In this review, we summarize key insights from this literature, including the specific needs identified as relevant to justice, the challenges that arise when seeking justice for multiple parties in a conflict, and the procedural approaches that can aid in reconciling disparate perspectives.

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Article Synopsis
  • Imlunestrant is a new pill for treating a type of breast cancer, and researchers looked at how well it works and its safety.
  • In a study, women with a specific type of breast cancer took either 400mg or 800mg of the pill for two weeks before surgery, and more tests were done with a 200mg dose.
  • The results showed that the 400mg dose worked well and had fewer side effects, making it the best choice for treating patients in this study.
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Article Synopsis
  • The COVID-19 pandemic led to studies on how it affected people's mental health, with mixed results; some felt worse, while others stayed stable.
  • The study focused on 135,445 people in Germany to see how age and past mental health issues affected depression and anxiety during the early pandemic.
  • Results showed people with past mental health problems felt the same after the pandemic began, but younger folks without those issues felt worse, highlighting the need for better support strategies.
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Non-Hotspot PIK3CA Variants Have Higher Variant Allele Frequency and are More Common in Syndromic Vascular Malformations.

Am J Med Genet A

February 2025

Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital - University Hospital of Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Article Synopsis
  • PIK3CA gene variants are linked to vascular malformations, and this study aimed to analyze their phenotypes, locations within the gene, and frequency in patients with these conditions.
  • Data was collected from 558 patients with vascular malformations between 2008 and 2022, with genetic testing performed on biopsy samples starting in 2020, leading to 89 patients being included by June 2022.
  • The research found 25 PIK3CA variants, predominantly in nonsyndromic (simple/combined) vascular malformations, with notable hotspot and non-hotspot variants and significant differences in variant frequency between syndromic and nonsyndromic cases, highlighting the genetic diversity underlying these conditions.
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Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula is the most common severe complication after pancreatic surgery. It associated with increased morbidity and prolonged hospital stay. Identifying patients at low risk for postoperative pancreatic fistula is essential to enable timely removal of drains and facilitate early discharge.

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Lost in transcription.

Gene

January 2025

Centre of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Special Education, Bezirkskrankenhaus Kaufbeuren, Germany; Department of Education & Rehabilitation, Faculty of Psychology & Education, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Germany.

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Mex3a Protects Against Atherosclerosis: Evidence From Mice and Humans.

Circulation

October 2024

Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (D.S., J.M.H., K.B., V.T., Y.J., F.M.F., M.A., X.B., R.T.A.M., Y.D., C.W.).

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Spatio-molecular data and microscopy images provide complementary information, essential to study structure and function of spatially organised multicellular systems such as healthy or diseased tissues. However, aligning these two types of data can be challenging due to distortions and differences in resolution, orientation, and position. Manual registration is tedious but may be necessary for challenging samples as well as for the generation of ground-truth data sets that enable benchmarking of existing and emerging automated alignment tools.

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Article Synopsis
  • Reconstructing evolutionary history involves using phylogenetic trees and models to understand how life evolved on Earth, incorporating both molecular and morphological data, particularly for extinct organisms.
  • The study focuses on the effectiveness of different morphological models, particularly the Mk Lewis model, in analyzing empirical data from tetrapods and reveals that the choice of model can significantly affect results like tree topology and branch lengths.
  • Through simulations, the research highlights the importance of using the posterior predictive simulations approach for model selection, while cautioning against relying solely on Bayesian model selection based on marginal likelihoods for varying partition schemes.
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Article Synopsis
  • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe viral infection without any approved antiviral treatments, making effective management crucial.
  • A study tested a novel treatment approach using directly isolated allogeneic virus-specific (DIAVIS) T cells in 28 patients with PML, showing substantial clinical improvements in 79% of cases.
  • The main findings indicate that DIAVIS T cell therapy can stabilize or improve patients' conditions and lower viral loads, although those older in age had worse outcomes, and some patients still experienced rapid deterioration.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a wealth of opportunities for medicine, if we also bear in mind the risks associated with this technology. In recent years the potential future integration of AI with medicine has been the subject of much debate, although practical clinical experience of relevant cases is still largely absent. This case study examines a particular patient's experience with different forms of care.

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Current techniques for inducing intraluminal filamentous middle cerebral artery occlusion (fMCAo) in mice produce highly variable results and often cause additional infarcts in the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) territory. The aim of the current study was to develop a novel procedure to overcome these shortcomings. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 60 min of fMCAo with cerebral blood flow monitored by laser Doppler flowmetry.

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Surrogate Endpoints: CONSORT and SPIRIT Extensions.

J Dent Res

November 2024

School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.

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Comparison of pulmonary artery growth between ductus stent and systemic-to-pulmonary shunt as single-ventricle palliation.

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

October 2024

Department of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, University Hospital of Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Division of Congenital and Pediatric Heart Surgery, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany; Europäisches Kinderherzzentrum München, Munich, Germany. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study compared pulmonary artery growth in infants with univentricular hearts who received ductus stenting (DS) versus those who had a systemic to pulmonary shunt (SPS) for initial palliation from 2009 to 2022.
  • A total of 130 infants were evaluated, revealing that while most pulmonary artery metrics were similar between groups, the DS group had a significantly lower left pulmonary artery index and a higher occurrence of veno-venous collaterals compared to the SPS group.
  • The findings suggest that infants after DS are more likely to need further pulmonary artery interventions between stages II and III palliation, highlighting the need for further investigation into long-term outcomes after the Fontan procedure
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Article Synopsis
  • - The study explores the role of epigenetic mechanisms, specifically DNA methylation, in predicting treatment response to antidepressants for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) based on a large sample size of 230 patients.
  • - Researchers used DNA methylation analysis and found suggestive evidence linking altered methylation patterns at several specific sites to how well patients responded to naturalistic antidepressant treatment and SSRIs/SNRIs.
  • - The findings indicate that understanding DNA methylation may help improve personalized treatment strategies for MDD in the future, although further research is needed for validation.
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What is the relationship between risk attitudes and ambient temperature? Evidence from a large population-based cohort study.

Econ Hum Biol

December 2024

Department of Business Administration and Healthcare Management, University of Cologne, Germany; Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Rising temperatures affect human behavior and risk-taking in several domains. However, it is not yet well understood just how ambient temperature shapes risk attitudes. Using data from the large population-based KORA-Fit study (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) of older people (N=2454), we identify a statistically significant, but very small, positive association between short-term ambient temperature changes and individuals' general willingness to take risks.

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Article Synopsis
  • * Conducted across 24 sites in ten countries, 1200 cancer patients on opioid analgesics completed questionnaires assessing their constipation status, revealing that 59.5% met the criteria for OIC, but only 61.5% self-reported experiencing constipation.
  • * Results indicated that while 72% were prescribed laxatives or other treatments, only 66% consistently used them, leading to inadequate management of OIC due to poor assessment and treatment follow-up.
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Article Synopsis
  • Anxiety disorders impact brain connectivity, but how this varies among different types of anxiety disorders (like panic disorder and social anxiety disorder) isn't fully understood due to limited studies.
  • Researchers examined the brain connectivity of 439 anxiety disorder patients and 105 healthy controls using resting-state fMRI, finding notable differences in connectivity patterns, especially in panic disorder and agoraphobia patients.
  • The study revealed that panic disorder patients had increased connectivity in brain regions linked to emotion regulation, unlike those with social anxiety disorder or specific phobia, suggesting the potential for personalized treatment approaches based on these neurological differences.
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Evolution of the conformational dynamics of the molecular chaperone Hsp90.

Nat Commun

October 2024

Center for Protein Assemblies, Department Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University Munich, Garching, Germany.

Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone of central importance for protein homeostasis in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, with key functional and structural traits conserved from yeast to man. During evolution, Hsp90 has gained additional functional importance, leading to an increased number of interacting co-chaperones and client proteins. Here, we show that the overall conformational transitions coupled to the ATPase cycle of Hsp90 are conserved from yeast to humans, but cycle timing as well as the dynamics are significantly altered.

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