Infant blood concentrations of folate markers and catabolites are modified by 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T genotype and dietary folate source.

Background: Folate intake and polymorphisms in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene may affect folate metabolism in infants.

Objectives: We investigated the association between infant's MTHFR C677T genotype, the dietary folate source, and concentrations of folate markers in the blood.

Methods: We studied 110 breastfed infants (reference) and 182 infants who were randomly assigned to receive infant formulas enriched with either 78 μg folic acid or 81 μg (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) per 100 g milk powder for 12 wk.

Qualitative and Quantitative Imaging Evaluation of Renal Cell Carcinoma Subtypes with Grating-based X-ray Phase-contrast CT.

Current clinical imaging methods face limitations in the detection and correct characterization of different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), while these are important for therapy and prognosis. The present study evaluates the potential of grating-based X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography (gbPC-CT) for visualization and characterization of human RCC subtypes. The imaging results for 23 ex vivo formalin-fixed human kidney specimens obtained with phase-contrast CT were compared to the results of the absorption-based CT (gbCT), clinical CT and a 3T MRI and validated using histology.