Effects of structured exercise training on miRNA expression in previously sedentary individuals.

Introduction: Micro ribonucleic acids (miRNA) respond to acute bouts of vigorous exercise, such as maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), by expressing an anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory and hence probably ergogenic profile. However, the impact of long-term engagement in physical exercise on CPET-induced miRNA response in sedentary individuals, with subsequent increased risk for cardiovascular diseases, remains unclear.

Methods: Thirty-four sedentary participants underwent CPET before and after a four-month app-assisted exercise intervention, during which the moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was increased to over 150 min/week.

Contextual and affective precursors of physical activity intention and enactment examined through ecological momentary assessment.

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health benefits, which is why many people intend to lead an active lifestyle. Yet, internal and external states and barriers can hinder the translation of such intentions into actual behavior. This study prospectively studied such barriers, namely, the temporal relationship between the independent variables momentary affect (stress, emotions), and the dependent variables PA intentions and subsequent PA behavior.

Proxy medical decision-making: national survey.

Objectives: Population ageing and increased care needs lead to adults making consequential medical decisions for others, potentially impacting treatment and end of life. We aim to describe the prevalence of medical decision-making by proxy among the national population and associated demographic and care factors.

Methods: We designed a cross-sectional online survey with a nationally representative adult cohort with an 80% participation rate.

Validity of Four Consumer-Grade Optical Heart Rate Sensors for Assessing Volume and Intensity Distribution of Physical Activity.

Consumer-grade optical heart rate (HR) sensors emerged as promising tools to monitor volume and intensity of physical activity (PA). However, no validation study of optical HR sensors included recent comprehensive validation recommendations, required for facilitating usage for medical purposes. Validity of HR data measured with four consumer-grade optical sensors, the wrist-worn Garmin Venu 2S and Polar Vantage M2, and the upper arm-worn Polar Verity Sense and Scosche Rhythm24 were assessed in 32 participants over 24 h including various laboratory-based and free-living activities.

Application of the openEHR reference model for PGHD: A case study on the DH-Convener initiative.

Objectives: Patient-Generated Health Data (PGHD) is increasingly influential in therapy and diagnostic decisions. PGHD should be integrated into electronic health records (EHR) to maximize its utility. This study evaluates the openEHR Reference Model (RM) compatibility with the DH-Convener initiative's modules (Data Collection Module and Data Connector Module) as a potential concept for standardizing PGHD across wearable health devices, focusing on achieving interoperability.

Getting ready for the European Health Data Space (EHDS): IDERHA's plan to align with the latest EHDS requirements for the secondary use of health data.

Objective: The European Health Data Space (EHDS) shapes the digital transformation of healthcare in Europe. The EHDS regulation will also accelerate the use of health data for research, innovation, policy-making, and regulatory activities for secondary use of data (known as EHDS2). The Integration of heterogeneous Data and Evidence towards Regulatory and HTA Acceptance (IDERHA) project builds one of the first pan-European health data spaces in alignment with the EHDS2 requirements, addressing lung cancer as a pilot.

An In-Depth Exploration of Mapping openEHR and PGHD: A Case Study on Fitbit-Generated Data.

In recent years, the adoption of wearable gadgets such as Fitbit has revolutionized the way individuals track and monitor their personal activity data. These devices provide valuable in-sights into an individual's physical activity levels, sleep patterns, and overall health metrics. Integrating this data into healthcare informatics systems can offer significant benefits in terms of personalized healthcare delivery and improved patient outcomes.

Converting Entity-Attribute-Value Data Sources to OMOP's CDM: Lessons Learned.

Clinical data repositories often use entity-attribute-value (EAV) data models. To be valuable for secondary use, these health data can be transformed to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) Common Data Model (CDM). The present paper describes the lessons learned from such an endeavour based on the concept of registering transformation functions on source data elements.

OMOP-on-FHIR: A FHIR Server Development to Facilitate Data Interaction with the OMOP-CDM and FHIR for PGHD.

This paper introduces the concept of the implementation of a FHIR server for bidirectional data exchange with the OMOP-CDM. Leveraging FHIR as a metamodel, the implementation aims to promote a more interconnected and patient-centric healthcare ecosystem. The methodology involves utilizing the Java HAPI FHIR API for server architecture and validating the solution through patient data exchange with a FHIR reference implementation server.

Synergies Among Health Data Projects with Cancer Use Cases Based on Health Standards.

We are creating a synergy among European Health Data Space projects (e.g., IDERHA, EUCAIM, ASCAPE, iHELP, Bigpicture, and HealthData@EU pilot project) via health standards usage thanks to the HSBOOSTER EU Project since they are involved or using standards, and/or designing health ontologies.

Making it transparent: A worked example of articulating programme theory for a digital health application using Intervention Mapping.

Objective: Digital health interventions for behaviour change are usually complex interventions, and intervention developers should 'articulate programme theory', that is, they should offer detailed descriptions of individual intervention components and their proposed mechanisms of action. However, such detailed descriptions often remain lacking. The objective of this work was to provide a conceptual case study with an applied example of 'articulating programme theory' for a newly developed digital health intervention.

Usability of a telehealth-nurse supported home-based walking training for peripheral arterial disease - The Keep Pace! pilot study.

: Guidelines recommend walking trainings for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) management. Supervised walking training is superior to walking advise to improve the walking distance. Telehealth service with nurse support may close this gap.

Exploring physical activity preferences and motivation in long-term cardiac prevention: An Austrian cross-sectional survey.

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients often do not sustain physical activity (PA) behaviour in the long run, once they progress into a self-management stage of secondary prevention. This study aimed to explore former CR patients' PA preferences, determinants (i.e.

Health data space nodes for privacy-preserving linkage of medical data to support collaborative secondary analyses.

Introduction: The potential for secondary use of health data to improve healthcare is currently not fully exploited. Health data is largely kept in isolated data silos and key infrastructure to aggregate these silos into standardized bodies of knowledge is underdeveloped. We describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of a federated infrastructure to facilitate versatile secondary use of health data based on Health Data Space nodes.

Applying Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity as Single vs Composite Endpoints for Trials of Cardiac Rehabilitation Interventions: Rationale, Use-case, and a Blueprint Method for Sample Size Calculation.

Objective: To conceptualize a composite primary endpoint for parallel-group RCTs of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) interventions and to explore its application and statistical efficiency.

Design: We conducted a statistical exploration of sample size requirements. We combined exercise capacity and physical activity for the composite endpoint (CE), both being directly related to reduced premature mortality in patients with cardiac diseases.

Patients' experiences and perspectives regarding the use of digital technology to support exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation: a qualitative interview study.

Introduction: Despite the well-known benefits of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, participation in cardiac rehabilitation programmes and adherence to secondary prevention recommendations remain limited. Digital technologies have the potential to address low participation and adherence but attempts at implementing digital health interventions in real-life clinical practice frequently encounter various barriers. Studies about patients' experiences and perspectives regarding the use of digital technology can assist developers, researchers and clinicians in addressing or pre-empting patient-related barriers.

Targeting behavioral factors with digital health and shared decision-making to promote cardiac rehabilitation-a narrative review.

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) represents an important steppingstone for many cardiac patients into a more heart-healthy lifestyle to prevent premature death and improve quality of life years. However, CR is underutilized worldwide. In order to support the development of targeted digital health interventions, this narrative review (I) provides understandings of factors influencing CR utilization from a behavioral perspective, (II) discusses the potential of digital health technologies (DHTs) to address barriers and reinforce facilitators to CR, and (III) outlines how DHTs could incorporate shared decision-making to support CR utilization.

Smartphone Apps for Food Purchase Choices: Scoping Review of Designs, Opportunities, and Challenges.

Background: Smartphone apps can aid consumers in making healthier and more sustainable food purchases. However, there is still a limited understanding of the different app design approaches and their impact on food purchase choices. An overview of existing food purchase choice apps and an understanding of common challenges can help speed up effective future developments.

Instance Selection Algorithms for Predictive Modelling in Telehealth Applications.

Telehealth services are becoming more and more popular, leading to an increasing amount of data to be monitored by health professionals. Machine learning can support them in managing these data. Therefore, the right machine learning algorithms need to be applied to the right data.

Investigating shared decision-making during the use of a digital health tool for physical activity planning in cardiac rehabilitation.

Background: Shared decision making (SDM) between healthcare professionals and persons with CVD can have a positive impact on motivation, adherence, or sustainability regarding long-term goals and integration of cardiovascular disease (CVD) rehabilitation in the everyday lives of persons with CVD. SDM can foster the transition between regular heart-healthy activity at rehabilitation facilities and more independent activity at home, but it is often challenging to implement SDM given limited time and resources, e.g.

Use and perceptions of digital technology for daily life, physical activity and health information among former cardiac rehabilitation patients in Austria: A cross-sectional survey.

Objective: Digital health technologies offer great potential to improve access and adherence to cardiovascular disease secondary prevention measures such as regular physical activity (PA). However, the use and perceptions of digital technology (DT) among cardiac rehabilitation (CR) patients are not well understood. The aim of this study was therefore to explore the use of DT in former CR patients' daily lives, for PA and for health information; and to gain insight into patient perceptions of DT for PA, including barriers, facilitators and requested features.