315 results match your criteria: "Lozano Long School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

Background: Medical record abstraction (MRA) is a commonly used method for data collection in clinical research, but is prone to error, and the influence of quality control (QC) measures is seldom and inconsistently assessed during the course of a study. We employed a novel, standardized MRA-QC framework as part of an ongoing observational study in an effort to control MRA error rates. In order to assess the effectiveness of our framework, we compared our error rates against traditional MRA studies that had not reported using formalized MRA-QC methods.

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Caffeine intake during gestation and lactation causes long-term behavioral impairments in heterogenic mice offspring in a sex-dependent manner.

Pharmacol Biochem Behav

December 2024

Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address:

Growing evidence has indicated a potential association between maternal consumption of caffeine and impaired cognition and behavior in rodent offspring. However, potential sex differences, as well as caffeine-related effects in subsequent generations are still poorly investigated. We aimed to investigate the impact of pre-and/or neonatal exposition to caffeine on the neurodevelopment of male and female mice offspring.

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Background: In clinical research, prevention of data errors is paramount to ensuring reproducibility of trial results and the safety and efficacy of the resulting interventions. Over the last 40 years, empirical assessments of data accuracy in clinical research have been reported, however, there has been little systematic synthesis of these results. Although notable exceptions exist, little evidence exists regarding the relative accuracy of different data processing methods.

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An Introductory Course on Geriatric Oncology.

MedEdPORTAL

November 2024

Associate Professor, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), South Texas Veterans Health Care System, Audie L. Murphy Veterans Memorial Hospital Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center; Associate Professor and Program Director of Geriatric Medicine Fellowship, Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine.

Introduction: The need to train oncologists to address the complexities of the aging population has been a focus of educational initiatives and strategies since the 1980s. However, large gaps in the dissemination and implementation of geriatric oncology curricula are still present. Currently, few resources exist for oncology training programs to implement a formal geriatric oncology curriculum.

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Endocarditis Presenting with Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis and Glomerulonephritis.

Microorganisms

October 2024

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • * The patient was diagnosed with tricuspid valve endocarditis and infection-related glomerulonephritis, and despite antibiotic treatment, his condition worsened, leading to heart problems and a need for urgent surgery.
  • * After surgery, he suffered from severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage and, unfortunately, passed away due to complications from his illness, highlighting the unusual presentation of his infection.
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Dopamine D-Like Receptor-Mediated Insurmountable Blockade of the Reinforcing Effects of Cocaine in Rats.

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

November 2024

Department of Pharmacology, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (T.H.); Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana (P.L.S.); and Psychobiology Section, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland (J.L.K.).

Previous studies indicated differing effects of dopamine D-like and D-like receptor (DR and DR, respectively) agonists on cocaine self-administration. Leftward shifts by DR agonists in the cocaine self-administration dose-effect function contrast with decreases by DR agonists in maximal cocaine self-administration without rightward or leftward displacement. Whether the effects of the DR agonists are due to actions at DRs has not been determined, possibly due to the difficulty in separating the blockade by a DR antagonist of the effects of the DR agonists and those of cocaine.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Aberrant protein aggregation interferes with the normal functioning of the JAK1-STAT signaling pathway.
  • - Phosphorylated STAT proteins, which are usually involved in cell signaling, are disrupted by these aggregated proteins.
  • - This disruption increases proteotoxicity, leading to cellular stress and potentially contributing to various diseases.
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Involvement of Renin-Angiotensin system (RAS) components in mild traumatic brain injury.

Brain Res

January 2025

Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Science, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:

Article Synopsis
  • The study examines how the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) is involved in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), focusing on changes in RAS components in an animal model.
  • It found increased levels of certain RAS components in specific brain regions after injury, alongside changes in receptor expression over time.
  • Treatment with RAS-blocking medications improved motor activity and reduced anxiety in mTBI mice, suggesting potential therapeutic options for managing mTBI symptoms.
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Comparison of 6 handheld ultrasound devices by point-of-care ultrasound experts: a cross-sectional study.

Ultrasound J

October 2024

Division of Hospital Medicine, Joe R. Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC 7885, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA.

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has emerged as an essential bedside tool for clinicians, but lack of access to ultrasound equipment has been a top barrier to POCUS use. Recently, several handheld ultrasound devices ("handhelds") have become available, and clinicians are seeking data to guide purchasing decisions. Few comparative studies of different handhelds have been done.

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Overabundant endocannabinoids in neurons are detrimental to cognitive function.

bioRxiv

September 2024

Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, 78229.

Article Synopsis
  • 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is a chemical in the brain that helps keep it balanced and healthy.
  • Researchers found that blocking the enzyme that breaks down 2-AG can help with brain diseases, but focusing only on the neurons can actually hurt learning and memory in mice.
  • The study shows that too much 2-AG in neurons can harm brain connections, but balancing it with help from other brain cells called astrocytes can improve cognitive function.
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Severe mental illnesses (SMI), especially schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD), are associated with significant distress to patients, reduced life expectancy and a higher cost of care. There is growing evidence that SMI may increase the risk of dementia in later life, posing an additional challenge in the management of these patients. SMI present a complex and highly heterogeneous pathophysiology, which has hampered the understanding of its underlying pathological mechanisms and limited the success of the available therapies.

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Absence of TNFR1 promotes a protective response in the early phase of hepatic encephalopathy induced by thioacetamide in mice.

Neurosci Lett

November 2024

Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Electronic address:

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome with a wide spectrum of cognitive deficits, motor impairment, and psychiatric disturbances resulting from liver damage. The cytokine TNF has been considered the main cytokine in the development and progression of HE, with a pivotal role in the initiation and amplification of the inflammatory cascade. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the involvement of TNF type 1 receptor (TNFR1) in locomotor deficits and in the levels of TNF, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, CCL2, CX3CL1 and BDNF from the frontal cortex and hippocampus of TNFR1 knockout mice (TNFR1) mice with HE induced by thioacetamide.

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Effects of Dual Inhibition at Dopamine Transporter and σ Receptors in the Discriminative-Stimulus Effects of Cocaine in Male Rats.

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

October 2024

Department of Pharmacology, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas (T.H.) and Psychobiology Section, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, Maryland (S.-M.L., J.L.K.).

Previous studies demonstrated that sigma receptor (R) antagonists alone fail to alter cocaine self-administration despite blocking various other effects of cocaine. However, R antagonists when combined with dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors substantially decrease cocaine self-administration. To better understand the effects of this combination, the present study examined the effects of R antagonist and DAT inhibitor combinations in male rats discriminating cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.

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Tarsal tunnel syndrome is an entrapment neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve beneath the flexor retinaculum that can be precipitated by either intrinsic or extrinsic factors. We report a unique case of a posterior medial ankle joint capsular defect with localized fluid extravasation between the flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus leading to symptoms consistent with tarsal tunnel syndrome in a collegiate tennis player. This patient is a 19-year-old female with no past medical history who presented with symptoms consistent with tarsal tunnel syndrome.

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Continual changes in organizational structures within medical schools have contributed to the expanded scope and the centralization of faculty affairs offices, which support faculty administration and supportive functions. Using qualitative interviews, we investigated the perspectives of academic medicine faculty affairs leaders regarding their offices' priorities in sustaining faculty vitality in the face of current and anticipated challenges. A semi-structured interview protocol based on the researchers' practical knowledge, informed by the study's research inquiries, and pertinent academic literature guided the interviews.

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Objectives: We aimed to characterise baseline disease and treatment burden in a large population with haemophilia A/B, both with (HAwI/HBwI) and without (HA/HB) inhibitors.

Methods: The prospective, non-interventional explorer6 study included patients ≥12 years old with severe HA, severe/moderate HB or HAwI/HBwI of any severity, treated according to local standard of care (excluding previous/current exposure to concizumab or emicizumab). Baseline characteristics and historical clinical data were collected and patient-reported outcomes, including treatment burden, were assessed.

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Background: POCUS training courses are effective at improving knowledge and skills, but few studies have followed learners longitudinally post-course to understand facilitators, barriers, and changes in POCUS use in clinical practice. We conducted a prospective observational study of physicians who attended 11 standardized POCUS training courses between 2017 and 2019 in Japan. Physicians who attended a standardized POCUS course were surveyed about their current frequency of POCUS use of the heart, lung, abdomen, and lower extremity veins, and perceived barriers and facilitators to POCUS use in clinical practice.

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Managing Career Transitions in Cardiothoracic Surgery.

Thorac Surg Clin

August 2024

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, MC 7990, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. Electronic address:

Transitions during a career in cardiothoracic surgery include transition to practice following residency, multiple transitions over the course of the career, and transition to retirement. Each carries some degree of uncertainty and stress, and early preparation for each transition is key to success. A clear understanding of both professional and personal goals drives decisions and choices along the course of a career.

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Background: Qualitative methods are a critical tool for enhancing implementation planning and tailoring, yet rapid turn-around of qualitative insights can be challenging in large implementation trials. The Department of Veterans Affairs-funded EMPOWER 2.0 Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) is conducting a hybrid type 3 effectiveness-implementation trial comparing the impact of Replicating Effective Programs (REP) and Evidence-Based Quality Improvement (EBQI) as strategies for implementing three evidence-based practices (EBPs) for women Veterans.

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Since 2020, virtual interviews have become the typical way in which applicants assess residency programs. It is unknown whether the change from in-person to virtual interviews has been associated with changes in perceptions of the quality of information gathered by prospective applicants. To ascertain perspectives on the satisfaction with, quality of, and accuracy of information gathered by internal medicine (IM) residency applicants from virtual and in-person interviews.

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Targeting inflammasome complexes as a novel therapeutic strategy for mood disorders.

Expert Opin Ther Targets

May 2024

The Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Introduction: Inflammasome complexes, especially NLRP3, have gained great attention as a potential therapeutic target in mood disorders. NLRP3 triggers a caspase 1-dependent release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and seems to interact with purinergic and kynurenine pathways, all of which are implicated in mood disorders development and progression.

Areas Covered: Emerging evidence supports NLRP3 inflammasome as a promising pharmacological target for mood disorders.

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