Patients at Greatest Risk of Missing Initial 1-Year Follow-Up After Pituitary Adenoma Resection.

Objective: Routine evaluation and surveillance imaging after pituitary adenoma (PA) endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal resection (EETS) is a neurosurgical practice to identify tumor recurrence. This study aims to identify social and clinical factors that may contribute to patients missing their initial 1-year follow-up appointment and provide guidance for targeted education to improve patient adherence with postoperative treatment plans, ultimately reducing unknown adenoma recurrence.

Methods: The authors performed a single-center retrospective review of patients who underwent EETS for PAs from 2007 to 2023.

Glycation in the cardiomyocyte.

Glycation is a protein post-translational modification that can occur on lysine and arginine residues as a result of a non-enzymatic process known as the Maillard reaction. This modification is irreversible, so the only way it can be removed is by protein degradation and replacement. Small reactive carbonyl species, glyoxal and methylglyoxal, are the primary glycating agents and are elevated in several conditions associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, smoking, and aging.

Targeting Unique Ligand Binding Domain Structural Features Downregulates DKK1 in Y537S Mutant Breast Cancer Cells.

Resistance to endocrine therapies remains a major clinical hurdle in breast cancer. Mutations to estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) arise after continued therapeutic pressure. Next generation selective estrogen receptor modulators and degraders/downregulators (SERMs and SERDs) show clinical efficacy, but responses are often non-durable.

Single Center Neurosurgical Outcomes and Trends in Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of 297 Sellar/Suprasellar Tumors Stratified by Duration of Neurosurgical Career.

Background/objective: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) is a common treatment for sellar and suprasellar tumors. While endoscopic training has improved over the years and formal fellowship training is now broadly available, the operative nuances of EETS conjectures the existence a learning curve as a neurosurgeon matures with experience. We aim to evaluate operative outcomes of 3 different experience levels of neurosurgeons over time at a single institution.

Navigating The 2022 International Consensus and World Health Organization Classifications of Hematopathology: A Call for Unified Diagnostic Language.

Context.—: In 2022, 2 distinct guidelines for the diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms became available: the 5th edition of the World Health Organization guideline (WHO2022) solely and the International Consensus Classification (ICC). Despite major overlap, there are important differences that can have important implications.

Effectiveness of Autologous Skin Cell Suspension in Large Total Body Surface Area Burns: Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Patient Charges.

Autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) is an adjunct to conventional split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) for acute burns, enhancing healing and reducing donor site requirements. This study validates ASCS's predictive benefits in hospital stay reduction and cost savings by analyzing outcomes and real-world charges post-ASCS implementation at a single institution. A retrospective study (2018-2022) included burn patients with ≥10% TBSA.

Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis.

Pancreatitis is an inflammatory pancreatic disease; common etiologies include infection, anatomic abnormalities, biliary, inborn errors of metabolism, trauma, and rarely malignancy. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma commonly presents in younger women with principally mediastinal involvement. We report the first documented case of a pediatric patient presenting with acute pancreatitis secondary to metastatic primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma.

Identifying social determinants of health in populations exposed to structural inequities: a qualitative study of the COVID-19 pandemic experiences of Black and Latinx people living with HIV and cardiovascular risks.

Introduction: Black and Latinx communities experience inequities in the social determinants of health (SDOH) and high rates of chronic illnesses [e.g., cardiovascular disease (CVD), HIV].

Perinephric fat stranding is associated with increased age and stone size but not with serum creatinine in patients with obstructing ureterolithiasis.

Previous reports show increased severity of perinephric fat stranding (PFS) with elevated serum creatinine in obstructing ureterolithiasis. We sought to investigate this association with our institution's patient population.We reviewed charts of patients diagnosed with obstructive ureterolithiasis or nephrolithiasis in our emergency department between January and October 2018.

Targeting Unique Ligand Binding Domain Structural Features Downregulates DKK1 in Y537S Mutant Breast Cancer Cells.

Resistance to endocrine therapies remains a major clinical hurdle in breast cancer. Mutations to estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) arise after continued therapeutic pressure. Next generation selective estrogen receptor modulators and degraders/downregulators (SERMs and SERDs) show clinical efficacy, but responses are often non-durable.

Quantification of the environmental impact of radiotherapy and associated secondary human health effects: a multi-institutional retrospective analysis and simulation.

Background: The health-care industry is a substantial contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, yet the specific environmental impact of radiotherapy, a cornerstone of cancer treatment, remains under-explored. We aimed to quantify the emissions associated with the delivery of radiotherapy in the USA and propose a framework for reducing the environmental impact of oncology care.

Methods: In this multi-institutional retrospective analysis and simulation study, we conducted a lifecycle assessment of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for ten anatomical disease sites, adhering to the International Organization for Standardization's standards ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.

IL-8 (CXCL8) Correlations with Psychoneuroimmunological Processes and Neuropsychiatric Conditions.

Interleukin-8 (IL-8/CXCL8), an essential CXC chemokine, significantly influences psychoneuroimmunological processes and affects neurological and psychiatric health. It exerts a profound effect on immune cell activation and brain function, suggesting potential roles in both neuroprotection and neuroinflammation. IL-8 production is stimulated by several factors, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) known to promote inflammation and disease progression.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the sella in a pediatric patient: case report with review of the literature.

Purpose: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare condition arising from the monoclonal expansion of myeloid precursor cells, which results in granulomatous lesions that characteristically express CD1a/CD207. We report a case of LCH in a 3-year-old male involving the sphenoid bone with extension into the sellar/suprasellar region.

Case Report: A 3-year-old male presented with progressively worsening headaches and associated night sweats, neck stiffness, and fatigue over the previous 4 weeks.

Extended dosing (12 cycles) vs conventional dosing (6 cycles) of adjuvant temozolomide in adults with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas: a randomized, single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group controlled trial.

Purpose: Maximum safe surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemoradiation and temozolomide chemotherapy is the current standard of care in the management of newly diagnosed high grade glioma. However, there are controversies about the optimal number of adjuvant temozolomide cycles. This study aimed to compare the survival benefits of 12 cycles against 6 cycles of adjuvant temozolomide adults with newly diagnosed high grade gliomas.

Measurements of Impoverishing and Catastrophic Surgical Health Expenditures in Low- and Middle-Income Countries and Reduction Interventions in the Last 30 Years: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Approximately 33 million people suffer catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) from surgery and/or anesthesia costs. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate catastrophic and impoverishing expenditure associated with surgery and anesthesia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We performed a systematic review of all studies from 1990 to 2021 that reported CHE in LMICs for treatment of a condition requiring surgical intervention, including cesarean section, trauma care, and other surgery.

Friedreich Ataxia Caregiver-Reported Health Index: Development of a Novel, Disease-Specific Caregiver-Reported Outcome Measure.

Background And Objectives: The Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) scientific community needs access to patient-centered outcome measures that satisfy regulatory guidelines and are capable of tracking clinically meaningful changes in FRDA disease burden. The objective of this research was to develop a novel, disease-specific caregiver-reported outcome measure for use in FRDA research and clinical care.

Methods: In prior work, we conducted qualitative interviews and a cross-sectional study of FRDA caregivers and patients to determine the symptoms of greatest importance to individuals with FRDA.

Functional overlap between the mammalian and paralogs in vivo.

Proteins carrying a signal peptide and/or a transmembrane domain enter the intracellular secretory pathway at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and are transported to the Golgi apparatus via COPII vesicles or tubules. SAR1 initiates COPII coat assembly by recruiting other coat proteins to the ER membrane. Mammalian genomes encode two paralogs, and .

Conditional Depletion of STN1 in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts.

The CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex is a single-strand DNA-binding protein complex that plays an important role in genome maintenance in various model eukaryotes. Dysfunction of CST is the underlying cause of the rare genetic disorder known as Coats plus disease. In addition, down regulation of STN1 promotes colorectal cancer development in mice.

TROPION-Breast03: a randomized phase III global trial of datopotamab deruxtecan ± durvalumab in patients with triple-negative breast cancer and residual invasive disease at surgical resection after neoadjuvant therapy.

Background: Despite advances in the treatment of early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), patients with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant therapy have a high risk of disease recurrence and worse survival outcomes than those who have pathological complete response (pCR). Improving outcomes in early TNBC remains an unmet need requiring new adjuvant treatment approaches. Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) is an antibody-drug conjugate comprising a humanized anti-trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody attached a plasma-stable, cleavable linker to a potent topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, with activity observed in advanced TNBC.

Estrogen Receptor Alpha Mutations, Truncations, Heterodimers, and Therapies.

Annual breast cancer (BCa) deaths have declined since its apex in 1989 concomitant with widespread adoption of hormone therapies that target estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), the prominent nuclear receptor expressed in ∼80% of BCa. However, up to ∼50% of patients who are ER+ with high-risk disease experience post endocrine therapy relapse and metastasis to distant organs. The vast majority of BCa mortality occurs in this setting, highlighting the inadequacy of current therapies.