The role of metal nanocarriers, liposomes and chitosan-based nanoparticles in diabetic retinopathy treatment: A review study.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a significant and progressive eye complication associated with diabetes mellitus, leading to potential vision loss. The pathophysiology of DR involves complex neurovascular changes due to prolonged hyperglycemia, resulting in microangiopathy and neurodegeneration. Current treatment modalities come with limitations such as low bioavailability of therapeutic agents, risk of side effects, and surgical complications.

Visual quality of life in NMOSD and MOGAD: profiles, dynamics and associations with ageing and vision.

Objective: In this multicentric study, we were interested in the vision-related quality of life and its association with visual impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in comparison to multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls.

Methods: We analysed extracted data from the German NEMOS registry including National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ) scores, high and low contrast visual acuity (HCVA, LCVA), visually evoked potentials (VEP) and the scores for the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and other neurological tests which assessed their disease-related impairment. The mean follow-up time of our patients was 1.

Non-viral gene therapy for Leber's congenital amaurosis: progress and possibilities.

Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA) represents a set of rare and pervasive hereditary conditions of the retina that cause severe vision loss starting in early childhood. Targeted treatment intervention has become possible thanks to recent advances in understanding LCA genetic basis. While viral vectors have shown efficacy in gene delivery, they present challenges related to safety, low cargo capacity, and the potential for random genomic integration.

MDRN: Multi-distillation residual network for efficient MR image super-resolution.

Super-resolution (SR) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is gaining increasing attention for being able to provide detailed anatomical information. However, current SR methods often use the complex convolutional network for feature extraction, which is difficult to train and not suitable for limited computation resources in the medical scenario. To tackle these bottlenecks, we propose a multi-distillation residual network (MDRN) for more differential feature refinement, which has a superior trade-off between reconstruction accuracy and computation cost.

Disseminated Cryptococcal Gattii infection in a patient with anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor autoantibody: a case report.

Background: Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection in immunocompromised patients. The major species include Cryptococcus grubii, Cryptococcus neoformans, and rarely, Cryptococcus gattii. Here we present a disseminated Cryptococcus gattii infection in a patient with elevated granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating-factor autoantibody which was successfully treated with antifungal therapy.

STABLE trial of spectacle provision and driving safety among myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam: study protocol for a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised trial.

Background: Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death globally for people aged 5-29 years, with 90% of mortality occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The STABLE (Slashing Two-wheeled Accidents by Leveraging Eyecare) trial was designed to determine whether providing spectacles could reduce risk among young myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam.

Methods: This investigator-masked, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised naturalistic driving trial will recruit 625 students aged 18-23 years, driving ≥ 50 km/week, with ≥ 1-year driving experience and using motorcycles as their primary means of transport, in 25 clusters of 25 students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

[Successful treatment of rheumatoid arthritis complicated with myasthenia gravis with low-dose rituximab: A case report].

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and myasthenia gravis (MG) are two distinct autoimmune diseases. Compared with the general population, the incidence of RA is notably higher among patients with MG. Similarly, the rate of MG in patients diagnosed with RA is also significantly increased.

Economic evaluation of an adjunctive intraocular and peri-ocular steroid vitreoretinal surgery for open globe trauma: Cost-effectiveness of the ASCOT randomised controlled trial.

Background: In the United Kingdom, it is estimated that 5,000 patients sustain eye injuries or ocular trauma requiring hospital admission annually, of which 250 patients will be permanently blinded. This study explores the cost-effectiveness of Adjunctive Steroid Combination in Ocular Trauma (ASCOT) given during surgery versus standard treatment in vitreoretinal surgery in patients with open globe trauma.

Methods: This economic evaluation was embedded alongside the ASCOT RCT (ClinicalTrials.

Safety of repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopia: A systematic review.

Purpose: Establishing the safety profile of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy is necessary prior to its widespread clinical implementation.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42024516676) of articles across seven databases from inception through February 10, 2024, with keywords related to myopia and RLRL therapy. Pooled safety outcomes and risk-to-benefit ratios were reported, and incidence of side effects was compared with other antimyopia interventions.

Photobiomodulation therapy: Ushering in a new era in personalized supportive cancer care.

The human body can utilize light for a broad range of pathophysiological responses, such as circadian rhythm, Vitamin D metabolism, and vision, among others. The therapeutic use of light has spanned many ancient health practices. Recent advances in using low-dose light therapy, termed photobiomodulation (PBM), have made tremendous progress in unravelling precise biological mechanisms and clinical dosimetry, enabling this treatment modality's clinical safety and effectiveness.

Corneal scar after ulcer in a young patient demanding visual restoration in a timely fashion treated with PTK + topo-guided PRK.

A 23-year-old woman was referred for low visual acuity in the left eye after a corneal ulcer associated with contact lens use 2 years previously. The patient had a history of contact lens use, reported use of antibiotic eye drops with improvement of infection, and subsequent scarring. There were no comorbidities.

Surgical pupil reconstruction for congenital idiopathic acorea with lens transparency saving. Case report.

Introduction: Idiopathic congenital acorea is extremely rare. There are several techniques for preserving the clear lens during pupil formation.

Case Presentation: The complete pupil absence caused acute glaucoma attack 2 weeks after birth, which was controlled in a 1-month-old child by peripheral iridectomy and disconnecting iris-corneal synechias.

Real-world results of the Zeiss selective laser trabeculoplasty in adult South African primary open-angle glaucoma patients.

Background: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) is an effective long-term option for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma.

Objectives: To investigate the real-world efficacy and safety of SLT with the Zeiss VISULAS green laser in medically treated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Design: Retrospective, single-center study.

Low-concentration atropine for controlling myopia onset and progression in East Asia.

Purpose: Over the past few years, there has been a rapid accumulation of data on the use of low-concentration atropine for myopia control, especially in East Asian children, with its effectiveness varying in different studies. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence surrounding the efficacy and safety of low-concentration atropine in the management of myopia onset and progression in East Asia.

Methods: Clinical trials involving atropine for myopia control in East Asia were reviewed.

[Glaucoma drainage devices: Indications, intraoperative management and postoperative follow-up].

Glaucoma drainage devices (GDD) are used for patients with secondary glaucoma, such as uveitic or neovascular glaucoma, which is uncontrolled under local therapy. They are also used in patients with conjunctival scarring, for example after a previous vitrectomy or after unsuccessful previous glaucoma surgery, such as trabeculectomy. They are also a treatment option for congenital glaucoma, aphakic glaucoma or for the treatment of iridocorneoendothelial syndromes.

Edridge Green Lecture 2022-demystifying clinical trials and regulatory approvals in drug development.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of clinical trial design and regulatory pathways essential for drug development, specifically in the context of retinal diseases. Key concepts include trial structure, efficacy and safety endpoints, and regulatory expectations from agencies like the FDA. It delves into recent regulatory advancements, such as the inclusion of low-luminance vision as a secondary endpoint and analyses case studies from age-related macular degeneration (AMD) trials.

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of modified LSC transplantation plus BCL implantation in the treatment of pterygium.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of modified limbal stem cell transplantation(Modified LSC transplantation) and bandage contact lens(BCL) implantation in pterygium surgery.

Methods: A total of 479 patients with primary pterygium who were admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to March 2023 were randomly divided into three groups: the normal group (Group A: 89 patients), the control group (Group B: 195 patients), and the modified group (Group C: 195 patients). Each group received different intervention measures.